Grammar parses for passage 3.13.2
Open translation for this passage
Μεσσηνίων δὲ αἱ συμφοραὶ καὶ ὁ χρόνος, ὅσον ἔφυγον ἐκ Πελοποννήσου, πολλὰ τῶν ἀρχαίων καὶ κατελθοῦσιν ἐποίησεν ἄγνωστα, ἅτε δὲ ἐκείνων οὐκ εἰδότων ἔστιν ἤδη τοῖς ἐθέλουσιν ἀμφισβητεῖν.
The construction has coordinated subjects συμφοραί and χρόνος; ὅσον ... ἔφυγον is a temporal/quantitative relative clause, and ἅτε with the genitive absolute ἐκείνων ... εἰδότων gives the reason for the present possibility of disputing.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 συμφοραὶ | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NOM-PL-FEM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 συμφοραὶ | det | high | |
| 4 | συμφοραὶ | συμφορά | NOUN | N-NOM-PL-FEM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 χρόνος | cc | high | |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 χρόνος | det | high | |
| 7 | χρόνος | χρόνος | NOUN | N-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 συμφοραὶ | conj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | A-ACC-SG-NEU | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔφυγον | advmod | medium | Neuter relative adverbial accusative, ‘for as long/as much as’. |
| 10 | ἔφυγον | φεύγω | VERB | V-2AOR-ACT-IND-3PL | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἐποίησεν | advcl | medium | Plural subject is understood as the Messenians; temporal/quantitative relative clause. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Πελοποννήσου | case | high | |
| 12 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-GEN-SG-FEM | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔφυγον | obl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A-ACC-PL-NEU | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἄγνωστα | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-PL-NEU | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἀρχαίων | det | high | |
| 16 | ἀρχαίων | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-GEN-PL-NEU | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 πολλὰ | nmod | high | Substantivized: ‘ancient things/customs’. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 κατελθοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 18 | κατελθοῦσιν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AOR-ACT-PART-DAT-PL | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἐποίησεν | obl | medium | Dative participle, coordinated with an understood dative recipient/subject; exact attachment is syntactically elliptical. |
| 19 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AOR-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 20 | ἄγνωστα | ἄγνωστος | ADJ | A-ACC-PL-NEU | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἐποίησεν | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of ἐποίησεν. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἔστιν | mark | high | |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 24 | ἐκείνων | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 26 εἰδότων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 25 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART-NEG | Polarity=Neg | 26 εἰδότων | advmod | high | |
| 26 | εἰδότων | οἶδα | VERB | V-REDUP-PERF-ACT-PART-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 27 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with ἐκείνων. |
| 27 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PRES-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 ἐποίησεν | parataxis | high | Existential/presentative clause: ‘it is now possible’. |
| 28 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 27 ἔστιν | advmod | high | |
| 29 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-PL-MASC | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 ἐθέλουσιν | det | high | |
| 30 | ἐθέλουσιν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PRES-ACT-PART-DAT-PL | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 27 ἔστιν | iobj | high | Substantivized dative participle, ‘for those wishing’. |
| 31 | ἀμφισβητεῖν | ἀμφισβητέω | VERB | V-PRES-ACT-INF | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 27 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on the impersonal/existential ἔστιν. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐποίησεν | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμονίοις δὲ ἀπαντικρὺ τῆς Ὀλυμπίας Ἀφροδίτης ἐστὶ ναὸς Κόρης Σωτείρας· ποιῆσαι δὲ τὸν Θρᾷκα Ὀρφέα λέγουσιν, οἱ δὲ Ἄβαριν ἀφικόμενον ἐξ Ὑπερβορέων.
The first clause is existential (ναὸς as subject with ἐστὶ); after the colon, λέγουσιν governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction, while the second tradition is elliptical, with ἀφικόμενον continuing an understood infinitival predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne-DatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐστὶ | iobj | high | Dative of possession/reference with ἐστὶ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐστὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπαντικρὺ | ἀπαντικρύ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἐστὶ | advmod | high | Adverb meaning opposite/across from. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S----GF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀφροδίτης | det | high | |
| 5 | Ὀλυμπίας | Ὀλύμπιος | ADJ | A----GF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀφροδίτης | amod | high | |
| 6 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | Ne-GF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπαντικρὺ | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπαντικρύ. |
| 7 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N--SMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Existential/presentational subject. |
| 9 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | Ne-GF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ναὸς | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the deity. |
| 10 | Σωτείρας | Σωτείρα | PROPN | Ne-GF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Κόρης | flat | medium | Appositional cult epithet. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστὶ | punct | high | |
| 12 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | V--ANA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Accusative-and-infinitive complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S----MA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Θρᾷκα | det | high | |
| 15 | Θρᾷκα | Θρᾷξ | NOUN | N--SMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ὀρφέα | appos | high | Ethnic apposition to Ὀρφέα. |
| 16 | Ὀρφέα | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | Ne-SMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 17 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated reporting clause; coordination is implicit after the colon. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 19 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | S---NMP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 λέγουσιν | nsubj | medium | Substantival article, ‘some’; elliptical reporting subject. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἄβαριν | Ἄβαρις | PROPN | Ne-SMA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀφικόμενον | obj | high | Accusative subject of ἀφικόμενον in the reported infinitival construction. |
| 22 | ἀφικόμενον | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V--NPM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 17 λέγουσιν | conj | medium | Participial predicate/accusative-and-infinitive continuation; an understood infinitive is elliptical. |
| 23 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 Ὑπερβορέων | case | high | |
| 24 | Ὑπερβορέων | Ὑπερβορέος | PROPN | Ne-GP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἀφικόμενον | obl | high | Source/origin complement of ἀφικόμενον. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 λέγουσιν | punct | high |