Grammar parses for passage 3.13.1
Open translation for this passage
πλησίον δὲ ἔστι μὲν Κυνόρτου τοῦ Ἀμύκλα τάφος, ἔστι δὲ καὶ Κάστορος μνῆμα, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἱερὸν πεποίηται· τεσσαρακοστῷ γὰρ ὕστερον ἔτει τῆς μάχης τῆς πρὸς Ἴδαν καὶ Λυγκέα θεοὺς τοὺς Τυνδάρεω παῖδας καὶ οὐ πρότερον νομισθῆναί φασι.
The first two ἔστι clauses coordinate locative/existential predications; πεποίηται is perfect middle/passive. The final infinitival clause is the reported content of φασι, with θεοὺς ... παῖδας as its accusative subject and τεσσαρακοστῷ ... ἔτει as a temporal dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | ADV | _ | 3 ἔστι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 3 ἔστι | discourse | high | |
| 5 | Κυνόρτου | Κυνόρτος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 τάφος | nmod | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀμύκλα | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἀμύκλα | Ἀμύκλας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Κυνόρτου | nmod | medium | Genitive patronymic/name; form is homonymous with nominative in some declensional analyses. |
| 8 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἔστι | conj | high | |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 13 | Κάστορος | Κάστωρ | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 14 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 αὐτῷ | case | high | |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 18 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DNSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 21 πεποίηται | obl | high | With ἐπί, locative dative: upon it. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἱερὸν | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Substantivized adjective, sanctuary. |
| 21 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 10 ἔστι | conj | high | Perfect middle/passive, impersonal/locative construction. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 23 | τεσσαρακοστῷ | τεσσαρακοστός | ADJ | A-DNSM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἔτει | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἔτει. |
| 24 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 42 φασι | cc | high | |
| 25 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 41 νομισθῆναί | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, later/afterward. |
| 26 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 41 νομισθῆναί | obl | high | Temporal dative. |
| 27 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 μάχης | det | high | |
| 28 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἔτει | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔτει. |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 πρὸς | det | high | |
| 30 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 μάχης | nmod | high | Introduces the opponents of the battle. |
| 31 | Ἴδαν | Ἴδας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 πρὸς | pobj | high | |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 Λυγκέα | cc | high | |
| 33 | Λυγκέα | Λυγκεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 πρὸς | pobj | high | |
| 34 | θεοὺς | θεός | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 41 νομισθῆναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 35 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 36 | Τυνδάρεω | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 παῖδας | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 37 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 θεοὺς | appos | high | Apposition to θεοὺς. |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 41 νομισθῆναί | cc | high | |
| 39 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 πρότερον | advmod | high | |
| 40 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 41 νομισθῆναί | advmod | high | Earlier/before. |
| 41 | νομισθῆναί | νομίζω | VERB | V-APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 42 φασι | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by φασι; passive, ‘to be considered/deemed’. |
| 42 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb; coordinated with preceding clause at discourse level. |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 φασι | punct | high |
δείκνυται δὲ πρὸς τῇ Σκιάδι καὶ Ἴδα καὶ Λυγκέως τάφος.
Impersonal δείκνυται takes τάφος as its nominative subject; πρὸς with the dative locates the tomb near the monument, while the coordinated proper names are genitive dependents of τάφος. The case of Ἴδα is formally ambiguous but is interpreted as genitive of Ἴδας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δείκνυται | δείκνυμι | VERB | V3SPI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 10 τάφος | root | high | Impersonal passive, ‘is shown’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Σκιάδι | case | high | Takes the following dative phrase. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DAFS3 | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 5 Σκιάδι | det | high | |
| 5 | Σκιάδι | Σκιάς | PROPN | NDFSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 1 δείκνυται | obl | high | Locative dative governed by πρὸς. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Ἴδα | cc | high | Coordinates the proper names. |
| 7 | Ἴδα | Ἴδας | PROPN | NDFSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 τάφος | nmod | medium | Form is ambiguous; interpreted as genitive of Ἴδας. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Λυγκέως | cc | high | Coordinates the genitive names. |
| 9 | Λυγκέως | Λυγκεύς | PROPN | NMSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τάφος. |
| 10 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | NMSΝ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 δείκνυται | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of impersonal δείκνυται. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 δείκνυται | punct | high |
κατὰ μὲν δὴ τοῦ λόγου τὸ εἰκὸς ἐτάφησαν ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ καὶ οὐ ταύτῃ·
The neuter phrase τὸ εἰκός is an adverbial accusative ('in all likelihood') modifying ἐτάφησαν; κατὰ ... τοῦ λόγου is an idiomatic parenthetical frame, while ταύτῃ is an elliptical dative adverb ('not there/in that place').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 λόγου | case | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D | _ | 8 ἐτάφησαν | discourse | high | Correlative particle; contrasting καὶ οὐ later. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | D | _ | 8 ἐτάφησαν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 λόγου | det | high | |
| 5 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐτάφησαν | obl | high | With κατά: idiomatic 'according to the account/reasoning'. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 εἰκὸς | det | high | |
| 7 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐτάφησαν | advmod | medium | Substantivized neuter perfect participle, used adverbially: 'probably/in all likelihood'. |
| 8 | ἐτάφησαν | θάπτω | VERB | V-3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 11 Μεσσηνίᾳ | case | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Μεσσηνίᾳ | det | high | |
| 11 | Μεσσηνίᾳ | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐτάφησαν | obl | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἐτάφησαν | cc | high | |
| 13 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 14 ταύτῃ | advmod | high | Negates the elliptical locative assertion. |
| 14 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 ἐτάφησαν | conj | medium | Elliptical dative adverbial expression, likely 'not there/in that place'; coordination is semantically elliptical. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐτάφησαν | punct | high |