Grammar parses for passage 3.13.4
Open translation for this passage
Κάρνειον δὲ Ἀπόλλωνα Δωριεῦσι μὲν τοῖς πᾶσι σέβεσθαι καθέστηκεν ἀπὸ Κάρνου γένος ἐξ Ἀκαρνανίας, μαντευομένου δὲ ἐξ Ἀπόλλωνος·
Κάρνειον is the subject/topic of καθέστηκεν, with Ἀπόλλωνα as the accusative subject of the infinitive σέβεσθαι; μαντευομένου is a genitive absolute, probably with an implicit subject (the oracle/prophecy) and Ἀπόλλωνος as its ἐξ-complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κάρνειον | Κάρνειον | PROPN | NeutNomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 καθέστηκεν | nsubj | medium | Cult-name, neuter nominative singular; construed as the established custom/institution. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 9 καθέστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἀπόλλωνα | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | MascAccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 σέβεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | Δωριεῦσι | Δωριεύς | PROPN | MascDatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 σέβεσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of the persons for whom the worship is customary. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Part | _ | 4 Δωριεῦσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle, balanced by δὲ at token 17. |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | ArtDatMascPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πᾶσι | det | high | |
| 7 | πᾶσι | πᾶς | ADJ | MascDatPl | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Δωριεῦσι | appos | high | Substantival adjective agreeing with Δωριεῦσι. |
| 8 | σέβεσθαι | σέβομαι | VERB | PresMidInf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 9 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after καθέστηκεν. |
| 9 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | PerfActInd3Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect with stative/resultative force: 'has been established/customary'. |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | Prep | _ | 11 Κάρνου | case | high | |
| 11 | Κάρνου | Κάρνος | PROPN | MascGenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 γένος | nmod | high | Eponymous/ancestral source figure. |
| 12 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | NeutNomSg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 καθέστηκεν | nsubj | medium | Second coordinated or appositional subject of καθέστηκεν; understood as 'the lineage [being/from Karnus]'. |
| 13 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | Prep | _ | 14 Ἀκαρνανίας | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἀκαρνανίας | Ἀκαρνανία | PROPN | FemGenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γένος | nmod | high | Origin complement of γένος. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 καθέστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 16 | μαντευομένου | μαντεύομαι | VERB | PresMidPartGenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 9 καθέστηκεν | advcl | low | Genitive absolute; the omitted genitive subject is difficult to recover, and the participle may be construed impersonally. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 16 μαντευομένου | cc | high | Adversative/correlative particle introducing the genitive-absolute clause. |
| 18 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | Prep | _ | 19 Ἀπόλλωνος | case | high | |
| 19 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | MascGenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 μαντευομένου | obl | medium | Source/origin complement of μαντευομένου: 'prophesied from Apollo'. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 καθέστηκεν | punct | high |
τοῦτον γὰρ τὸν Κάρνον ἀποκτείναντος Ἱππότου τοῦ Φύλαντος ἐνέπεσεν ἐς τὸ στρατόπεδον τοῖς Δωριεῦσι μήνιμα Ἀπόλλωνος, καὶ Ἱππότης τε ἔφυγεν ἐπὶ τῷ φόνῳ καὶ Δωριεῦσιν ἀπὸ τούτου τὸν Ἀκαρνᾶνα μάντιν καθέστηκεν ἱλάσκεσθαι.
The genitive absolute τοῦτον ... ἀποκτείναντος Ἱππότου τοῦ Φύλαντος gives the circumstance/background for ἐνέπεσεν. μήνιμα is the subject of ἐνέπεσεν; καθέστηκεν governs the complementary infinitive ἱλάσκεσθαι, with τὸν Ἀκαρνᾶνα μάντιν as its object/predicative object. The morphology of καθέστηκεν is interpreted as perfect active third singular, though the construction is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | RD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 Κάρνον | det | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | mark | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Κάρνον | det | high | |
| 4 | Κάρνον | Κάρνος | PROPN | NE-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποκτείναντος | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἀποκτείναντος | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | VAAPGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 6 | Ἱππότου | Ἵπποτος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποκτείναντος | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Φύλαντος | det | high | |
| 8 | Φύλαντος | Φύλαντος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἱππότου | appos | high | Appositional identification of Ἱππότου. |
| 9 | ἐνέπεσεν | ἐμπίπτω | VERB | V2SAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 12 στρατόπεδον | case | high | |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DAns | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 στρατόπεδον | det | high | |
| 12 | στρατόπεδον | στρατόπεδον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | obl | high | |
| 13 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DDmp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 Δωριεῦσι | det | high | |
| 14 | Δωριεῦσι | Δωριεύς | PROPN | NE-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 μήνιμα | iobj | high | Dative of the affected party. |
| 15 | μήνιμα | μήνιμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 μήνιμα | nmod | high | Possessive/source genitive. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἔφυγεν | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ἱππότης | Ἱππότης | PROPN | NE-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἔφυγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἔφυγεν | cc | high | Correlative/postpositive conjunction. |
| 21 | ἔφυγεν | φεύγω | VERB | V2SAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | conj | high | First coordinated finite verb after καί. |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 24 φόνῳ | case | high | With dative. |
| 23 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DDsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 φόνῳ | det | high | |
| 24 | φόνῳ | φόνος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἔφυγεν | obl | high | Circumstantial cause/ground: on account of the killing. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 καθέστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 26 | Δωριεῦσιν | Δωριεύς | PROPN | NE-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 καθέστηκεν | iobj | high | Dative of the beneficiary/party for whom the action is instituted. |
| 27 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 28 τούτου | case | high | |
| 28 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 32 καθέστηκεν | obl | high | Temporal/source sense: from this point/event. |
| 29 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DAsm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 Ἀκαρνᾶνα | det | high | |
| 30 | Ἀκαρνᾶνα | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | NE-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 μάντιν | compound | high | Ethnic name used substantivally with μάντιν. |
| 31 | μάντιν | μάντις | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἱλάσκεσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἱλάσκεσθαι; Ἀκαρνᾶνα is attributive/appositional. |
| 32 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | VRAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 21 ἔφυγεν | conj | medium | Perfect active reading; coordinated with ἔφυγεν, with infinitival complement. |
| 33 | ἱλάσκεσθαι | ἱλάσκομαι | VERB | VPPMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 32 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive, purpose/charge of καθέστηκεν. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐνέπεσεν | punct | high |