Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 3.14.2

← 3.14.13.14.3 →

Passage 3.14.2

Open translation for this passage

7sentences parsed
97Greek tokens
4,940input tokens
7,533output tokens
Sentence 1

3.14.2 sentence 1

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καλεῖται δὲ ἐν τῇ Σπάρτῃ Θεομηλίδα χωρίον·

Simple passive naming construction with a locative prepositional phrase; Θεομηλίδα is syntactically ambiguous and may be a descriptive/appositive element before χωρίον.

punct acl obj obl case discourse det amod 1 καλεῖται καλέω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἐν ἐν / ADP 4 τῇ ὁ / DET 5 Σπάρτῃ Σπάρτη / PROPN 6 Θεομηλίδα Θεομηλίς / PROPN 7 χωρίον χωρίον / NOUN 8 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καλεῖταικαλέωVERBV-PII-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid7 χωρίονaclhighFinite passive/middle-form verb governing the clause; interpreted as impersonal/passive 'is called'.
2δὲδέPARTD_1 καλεῖταιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ἐνἐνADPR_5 ΣπάρτῃcasehighPreposition governing dative.
4τῇDETRA-DSFCase=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 ΣπάρτῃdethighDefinite article modifying Σπάρτῃ.
5ΣπάρτῃΣπάρτηPROPNNNP-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 καλεῖταιoblhighLocative dative complement of ἐν.
6ΘεομηλίδαΘεομηλίςPROPNNNP-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 χωρίονamodlowLikely attributive/title-like modifier of χωρίον; form is accusative feminine singular and may reflect apposition or loose agreement.
7χωρίονχωρίονNOUNN-ASNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing1 καλεῖταιobjhighPredicative noun naming what is called; parsed as clause object/complement.
8··PUNCT__1 καλεῖταιpuncthighSentence-ending punctuation.
Sentence 2

3.14.2 sentence 2

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κατὰ τοῦτο τῆς πόλεως τάφοι τῶν Ἀγιαδῶν βασιλέων εἰσὶ καὶ πλησίον ὀνομαζομένη λέσχη Κροτανῶν· εἰσὶ δὲ οἱ Κροτανοὶ Πιτανατῶν μοῖρα.

The first clause is elliptical/topicalized: κατὰ τοῦτο introduces the setting, with τάφοι as subject of εἰσὶ and the genitives of πόλεως and βασιλέων stacked as nominal modifiers; the second clause is straightforward with μοῖρα as predicate complement.

punct punct advmod xcomp nsubj obl nmod nsubj nsubj det case det nmod nmod cc amod nmod discourse det nmod root root 1 κατὰ κατά / ADP 2 τοῦτο οὗτος / PRON 3 τῆς ὁ / DET 4 πόλεως πόλις / NOUN 5 τάφοι τάφος / NOUN 6 τῶν ὁ / DET 7 Ἀγιαδῶν Ἀγιάδαι / PROPN 8 βασιλέων βασιλεύς / NOUN 9 εἰσὶ εἰμί / AUX 10 καὶ καί / CCONJ 11 πλησίον πλησίον / ADV 12 ὀνομαζομένη ὀνομάζω / VERB 13 λέσχη λέσχη / NOUN 14 Κροτανῶν Κροτανοί / PROPN 15 · · / PUNCT 16 εἰσὶ εἰμί / AUX 17 δὲ δέ / PART 18 οἱ ὁ / DET 19 Κροτανοὶ Κροτανοί / PROPN 20 Πιτανατῶν Πιταναταί / PROPN 21 μοῖρα μοῖρα / NOUN 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1κατὰκατάADPPREPAdpType=Prep2 τοῦτοcasehighGoverned by τοῦτο.
2τοῦτοοὗτοςPRONPDemN-S---Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem5 τάφοιoblhighAdverbial accusative in κατὰ τοῦτο.
3τῆςDETAtFSGCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 πόλεωςdethighArticle modifying πόλεως.
4πόλεωςπόλιςNOUNN-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 τάφοιnmodhighGenitive modifier of τάφοι.
5τάφοιτάφοςNOUNN-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 εἰσὶnsubjhighSubject of εἰσὶ.
6τῶνDETAtGPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art8 βασιλέωνdethighArticle modifying βασιλέων.
7ἈγιαδῶνἈγιάδαιPROPNNpGPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 βασιλέωνnmodhighProper name modifying βασιλέων.
8βασιλέωνβασιλεύςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 τάφοιnmodhighGenitive modifier of τάφοι.
9εἰσὶεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFirst copular clause root.
10καὶκαίCCONJ__9 εἰσὶcchighCoordinates the two clauses/predications.
11πλησίονπλησίονADV__16 εἰσὶadvmodmediumAdverbial modifier of ὀνομαζομένη.
12ὀνομαζομένηὀνομάζωVERBV-PPM-SNFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid13 λέσχηamodmediumAttributive participle modifying λέσχη.
13λέσχηλέσχηNOUNN-NFSCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 εἰσὶnsubjhighSubject of εἰσὶ.
14ΚροτανῶνΚροτανοίPROPNNpGPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur13 λέσχηnmodhighGentilic genitive modifying λέσχη.
15··PUNCT__9 εἰσὶpuncthighSentence boundary punctuation.
16εἰσὶεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighSecond copular clause root.
17δὲδέPART__16 εἰσὶdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
18οἱDETAtPMPCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art19 ΚροτανοὶdethighArticle with Κροτανοί.
19ΚροτανοὶΚροτανοίPROPNNpNPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur16 εἰσὶnsubjhighSubject of εἰσὶ.
20ΠιτανατῶνΠιταναταίPROPNNpGPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur21 μοῖραnmodhighGenitive modifier of μοῖρα.
21μοῖραμοῖραNOUNN-NFSCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 εἰσὶxcompmediumPredicate complement/appositional noun with εἰσὶ.
22..PUNCT__16 εἰσὶpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 3

3.14.2 sentence 3

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Ἀσκληπιοῦ δὲ οὐ πόρρω τῆς λέσχης ἐστὶν ἱερὸν, ἐν Ἀγιαδῶν καλούμενον.

Main clause is existential/copuative (ἐστὶν ἱερόν) with spatial adverbial πόρρω and a genitive complement; the participial phrase ἐν Ἀγιαδῶν καλούμενον is attributive.

nmod punct discourse acl advmod obl punct case advmod det xcomp obl root 1 Ἀσκληπιοῦ Ἀσκληπιός / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 οὐ οὐ / PART 4 πόρρω πόρρω / ADV 5 τῆς ὁ / DET 6 λέσχης λέσχη / NOUN 7 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 8 ἱερὸν ἱερός / ADJ 9 , , / PUNCT 10 ἐν ἐν / ADP 11 Ἀγιαδῶν Ἀγιάδαι / PROPN 12 καλούμενον καλέω / VERB 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἈσκληπιοῦἈσκληπιόςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐστὶνnmodhighGenitive of possession/source modifying πόρρω/ἐστίν.
2δὲδέPART__7 ἐστὶνdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3οὐοὐPART__4 πόρρωadvmodhighNegates the adverb πόρρω.
4πόρρωπόρρωADV__7 ἐστὶνadvmodhighAdverbial modifier of ἐστίν.
5τῆςDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art6 λέσχηςdethighArticle modifying λέσχης.
6λέσχηςλέσχηNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 πόρρωoblmediumGenitive dependent with πόρρω, expressing reference/measure.
7ἐστὶνεἰμίAUX_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular/existential predicate with ἱερόν as complement.
8ἱερὸνἱερόςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστὶνxcompmediumPredicative adjective used substantively: 'a sacred place/temple'.
9,,PUNCT__7 ἐστὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
10ἐνἐνADP__12 καλούμενονcasehighPreposition governing the participial phrase.
11ἈγιαδῶνἈγιάδαιPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur12 καλούμενονoblmediumLikely genitive after ἐν with a group/place name; case form is genitive plural.
12καλούμενονκαλέωVERB_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid8 ἱερὸνaclhighAttributive participle modifying ἱερόν.
13..PUNCT__7 ἐστὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 4

3.14.2 sentence 4

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προελθοῦσι δὲ Ταινάρου μνῆμά ἐστι, καὶ τὴν ἄκραν τὴν ἐς θάλασσαν ἐσέχουσαν ἀπὸ τούτου φασὶν ὀνομασθῆναι·

The first participial phrase is syntactically loose; I treat προελθοῦσι as a circumstantial participle modifying the copular clause, while the second clause is a reported statement with infinitival complement.

conj cc obj advcl acl discourse det punct nmod nsubj punct det case obl case obl xcomp root 1 προελθοῦσι προέρχομαι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 Ταινάρου Ταίναρος / PROPN 4 μνῆμά μνῆμα / NOUN 5 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 6 , , / PUNCT 7 καὶ καί / CCONJ 8 τὴν ὁ / DET 9 ἄκραν ἄκρα / NOUN 10 τὴν ὁ / DET 11 ἐς εἰς / ADP 12 θάλασσαν θάλασσα / NOUN 13 ἐσέχουσαν ἔχω / VERB 14 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 15 τούτου οὗτος / PRON 16 φασὶν φημί / VERB 17 ὀνομασθῆναι ὀνομάζω / VERB 18 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1προελθοῦσιπροέρχομαιVERBV-PAI-PAP-DAT?Case=Dat|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act5 ἐστιadvclmediumDative participle, probably circumstantial with implicit subject of ἐστι/φασὶν.
2δὲδέPART__5 ἐστιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3ΤαινάρουΤαίναροςPROPNN-S---G---Case=Gen|Number=Sing4 μνῆμάnmodhighGenitive dependent of μνῆμά.
4μνῆμάμνῆμαNOUNN-AS---N-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἐστιnsubjhighSubject of ἐστι.
5ἐστιεἰμίAUXV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular predicate with omitted complement in this clause.
6,,PUNCT__5 ἐστιpuncthighPunctuation.
7καὶκαίCCONJ__16 φασὶνcchighCoordinating conjunction linking the second clause.
8τὴνDETL-ASFCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art9 ἄκρανdethighArticle modifying ἄκραν.
9ἄκρανἄκραNOUNN-ASF-SCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 ὀνομασθῆναιobjhighObject of ὀνομασθῆναι in indirect statement.
10τὴνDETL-ASFCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art13 ἐσέχουσανdethighArticle modifying ἐσέχουσαν.
11ἐςεἰςADPR--_12 θάλασσανcasehighPreposition governing θάλασσαν.
12θάλασσανθάλασσαNOUNN-ASF-SCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ἐσέχουσανoblhighPrepositional object with ἐς.
13ἐσέχουσανἔχωVERBV-PAP-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act9 ἄκρανaclhighParticipial modifier of ἄκραν.
14ἀπὸἀπόADPR--_15 τούτουcasehighPreposition governing τούτου.
15τούτουοὗτοςPRONPDG-S---Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem16 φασὶνoblhighPrepositional object with ἀπό.
16φασὶνφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act5 ἐστιconjhighCoordinated clause with implicit subject (they say).
17ὀνομασθῆναιὀνομάζωVERBV-APNTense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass16 φασὶνxcomphighComplement of φασὶν in indirect statement.
18··PUNCT__16 φασὶνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 5

3.14.2 sentence 5

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θεῶν δὲ ἱερὰ Ποσειδῶνός ἐστιν Ἱπποκουρίου καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος Αἰγιναίας.

The main syntactic difficulty is the elliptical nominative ἱερὰ with genitive dependents; I treat it as the subject of the copula, with the genitive names as modifiers/coordination.

punct conj nmod nsubj amod cc nmod cc amod root 1 θεῶν θεός / NOUN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἱερὰ ἱερός / ADJ 4 Ποσειδῶνός Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 5 ἐστιν εἰμί / VERB 6 Ἱπποκουρίου Ἱπποκούριος / ADJ 7 καὶ καί / CCONJ 8 Ἀρτέμιδος Ἄρτεμις / PROPN 9 Αἰγιναίας Αἰγιναιάς / ADJ 10 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1θεῶνθεόςNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 ἱερὰnmodhighGenitive dependent of ἱερὰ/ἱερά 'sacred things of the gods'.
2δὲδέCCONJ__3 ἱερὰcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἱερὰἱερόςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur5 ἐστινnsubjmediumLikely substantive 'holy things/temples'; functions as subject of ἐστιν.
4ΠοσειδῶνόςΠοσειδῶνPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἱερὰnmodhighGenitive dependent of ἱερὰ.
5ἐστινεἰμίVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular verb.
6ἹπποκουρίουἹπποκούριοςADJ_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ΠοσειδῶνόςamodmediumLikely epithet/adjectival modifier of Ποσειδῶνος; form is genitive singular masculine.
7καὶκαίCCONJ__8 ἈρτέμιδοςcchighCoordinates the genitives.
8ἈρτέμιδοςἌρτεμιςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ΠοσειδῶνόςconjhighConjunct in the genitive coordination.
9ΑἰγιναίαςΑἰγιναιάςADJ_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἈρτέμιδοςamodhighAdjectival modifier of Ἀρτέμιδος.
10..PUNCT__5 ἐστινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 6

3.14.2 sentence 6

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ἐπανελθοῦσι δὲ ὀπίσω πρὸς τὴν λέσχην ἐστὶν Ἀρτέμιδος Ἰσσωρίας ἱερόν·

The main clause is existential (ἐστὶν ... ἱερόν), with ἐπανελθοῦσι δὲ ὀπίσω πρὸς τὴν λέσχην as a fronted participial/locative modifier.

advcl discourse punct case nsubj advmod obl nmod det amod root 1 ἐπανελθοῦσι ἐπανέρχομαι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ὀπίσω ὀπίσω / ADV 4 πρὸς πρός / ADP 5 τὴν ὁ / DET 6 λέσχην λέσχη / NOUN 7 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 8 Ἀρτέμιδος Ἄρτεμις / PROPN 9 Ἰσσωρίας Ἰσσώριος / ADJ 10 ἱερόν ἱερόν / NOUN 11 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐπανελθοῦσιἐπανέρχομαιVERBPAP-DPMCase=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Part|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active7 ἐστὶνadvclmediumDative participle likely temporal/concessive absolute-like modifier; form may be aorist participle.
2δὲδέPART__7 ἐστὶνdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ὀπίσωὀπίσωADV__1 ἐπανελθοῦσιadvmodhighAdverb modifying the participle.
4πρὸςπρόςADP__7 ἐστὶνcasehighPreposition governing accusative.
5τὴνDETl-s---fa-Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art6 λέσχηνdethighDefinite article.
6λέσχηνλέσχηNOUNn-s---fa-Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular4 πρὸςoblhighObject of πρός.
7ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXv3spia---Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active0 ROOTroothighCopular/existential predicate.
8ἈρτέμιδοςἌρτεμιςPROPNn-s---fg-Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular10 ἱερόνnmodhighGenitive dependent of ἱερόν.
9ἸσσωρίαςἸσσώριοςADJa-s---fg-Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular8 ἈρτέμιδοςamodmediumAttributive epithet modifying Ἀρτέμιδος.
10ἱερόνἱερόνNOUNn-s---nn-Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular7 ἐστὶνnsubjhighSubject of existential ἐστίν.
11··PUNCT__7 ἐστὶνpuncthighMiddle dot punctuation.
Sentence 7

3.14.2 sentence 7

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ἐπονομάζουσι δὲ αὐτὴν καὶ Λιμναίαν, οὖσαν οὐκ Ἄρτεμιν, Βριτόμαρτιν δὲ τὴν Κρητῶν·

The syntax is elliptical and appositional: ἐπονομάζουσι takes accusative objects/predicative names, while οὖσαν introduces a participial clarification with a predicative accusative (οὐκ Ἄρτεμιν).

punct appos punct obj advcl punct nmod obj xcomp discourse cc advmod discourse det root 1 ἐπονομάζουσι ἐπονομάζω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 αὐτὴν αὐτός / PRON 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 Λιμναίαν Λιμναία / PROPN 6 , , / PUNCT 7 οὖσαν εἰμί / VERB 8 οὐκ οὐ / PART 9 Ἄρτεμιν Ἄρτεμις / PROPN 10 , , / PUNCT 11 Βριτόμαρτιν Βριτόμαρτις / PROPN 12 δὲ δέ / PART 13 τὴν ὁ / DET 14 Κρητῶν Κρής / PROPN 15 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐπονομάζουσιἐπονομάζωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the sentence.
2δὲδέPARTG---------_1 ἐπονομάζουσιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3αὐτὴναὐτόςPRONRP-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No1 ἐπονομάζουσιobjhighDirect object of ἐπονομάζουσι.
4καὶκαίCCONJC---------_5 ΛιμναίανcchighConnects two accusative complements.
5ΛιμναίανΛιμναίαPROPNNE-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 ἐπονομάζουσιobjhighSecond object/predicate accusative coordinated with αὐτήν.
6,,PUNCT__1 ἐπονομάζουσιpuncthighPunctuation.
7οὖσανεἰμίVERBV-PAP-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act3 αὐτὴνadvclmediumParticipial clause agreeing with αὐτήν; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain.
8οὐκοὐPARTD---------_9 ἌρτεμινadvmodhighNegation modifying Ἄρτεμιν.
9ἌρτεμινἌρτεμιςPROPNNE-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 οὖσανxcompmediumComplement of participle; interpreted as predicative accusative after οὖσαν.
10,,PUNCT__7 οὖσανpuncthighPunctuation.
11ΒριτόμαρτινΒριτόμαρτιςPROPNNE-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 ἐπονομάζουσιapposmediumAppositive/predicate accusative identifying αὐτήν.
12δὲδέPARTG---------_11 ΒριτόμαρτινdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
13τὴνDETRA-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art14 ΚρητῶνdethighArticle modifying Κρητῶν.
14ΚρητῶνΚρήςPROPNNE-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 ΒριτόμαρτινnmodhighGenitive modifier of Βριτόμαρτιν.
15··PUNCT__1 ἐπονομάζουσιpuncthighPunctuation.
← 3.14.13.14.3 →