Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 3.14.7

Sentence 1

3.14.7 sentence 1

Tokens: 11
Input: 655
Output: 906
Total: 1,561

τὸ δὲ τοῦ Ἀγνίτα πεποίηται μὲν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Δρόμου.

The neuter article τὸ substantivizes an omitted noun (likely μνημεῖον/ἔργον) and is the clause subject; πεποίηται is perfect middle/passive, probably middle/deponent in sense ‘has been made’. τοῦ Ἀγνίτα is a genitive name dependent on the omitted/substantivized referent, while τοῦ Δρόμου is genitive after δεξιᾷ.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 πεποίηται	nsubj	medium	Substantivizing neuter article; head noun is omitted.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-	_	5 πεποίηται	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 Ἀγνίτα	det	high	Article agreeing with the proper name.
4	Ἀγνίτα	Ἀγνίτας	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 τὸ	nmod	medium	Proper name in the genitive; exact declensional analysis of the form is somewhat uncertain.
5	πεποίηται	ποιέω	VERB	V-RMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect middle/passive indicative; context favors ‘has been made’ or middle ‘has made/constructed’.
6	μὲν	μέν	PART	G-	_	5 πεποίηται	discourse	high	Correlative particle, with counterpart likely outside this sentence.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R-	_	8 δεξιᾷ	case	high	Preposition governing the dative.
8	δεξιᾷ	δεξιός	ADJ	A-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 πεποίηται	obl	high	Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘on the right’; governs a following genitive by local idiom.
9	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 Δρόμου	det	high	Article agreeing with Δρόμου.
10	Δρόμου	δρόμος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 δεξιᾷ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on δεξιᾷ, specifying ‘the Course’.
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 πεποίηται	punct	high

Sentence 2

3.14.7 sentence 2

Tokens: 14
Input: 704
Output: 1,068
Total: 1,772

Ἀσκληπιοῦ δέ ἐστιν ἐπίκλησις ὁ Ἀγνίτας, ὅτι ἦν ἄγνου τῷ θεῷ ξόανον.

Ἀγνίτας is a nominative predicate/appositional name with ἐπίκλησις; ὅτι introduces the explanatory clause. In ἦν ἄγνου ... ξόανον, ξόανον is the subject and ἄγνου an attributive genitive; the dative marks association/dedication to the god.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἀσκληπιοῦ	Ἀσκληπιός	PROPN	N-gen-s	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐπίκλησις	nmod	high
2	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	C----	_	4 ἐπίκλησις	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	4 ἐπίκλησις	cop	high
4	ἐπίκλησις	ἐπίκλησις	NOUN	N-nom-f-s	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Predicate nominal.
5	ὁ	ὁ	DET	L-nom-m-s	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 Ἀγνίτας	det	high
6	Ἀγνίτας	Ἀγνίτας	PROPN	N-nom-m-s	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐπίκλησις	appos	medium	Name/appositional predicate; article is masculine despite feminine ἐπίκλησις.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἐπίκλησις	punct	high
8	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	C----	_	9 ἦν	mark	high	Causal/explanatory subordinator.
9	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	4 ἐπίκλησις	advcl	high	Imperfect copular verb in explanatory clause.
10	ἄγνου	ἄγνος	NOUN	N-gen-m-s	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ξόανον	nmod	medium	Genitive attributive with ξόανον; masculine form is expected for ἄγνος.
11	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L-dat-m-s	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 θεῷ	det	high
12	θεῷ	θεός	NOUN	N-dat-m-s	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ξόανον	nmod	high	Dative of association/dedication.
13	ξόανον	ξόανον	NOUN	N-nom-n-s	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 ἦν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἦν.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἐπίκλησις	punct	high

Sentence 3

3.14.7 sentence 3

Tokens: 12
Input: 669
Output: 907
Total: 1,576

ἡ δὲ ἄγνος λύγος καὶ αὐτὴ κατὰ ταὐτά ἐστι τῇ ῥάμνῳ.

Copular clause: ἄγνος λύγος is the coordinated subject, αὐτή is an emphatic subject-oriented adjunct (‘itself’), κατὰ ταὐτά is an adverbial phrase, and τῇ ῥάμνῳ is a dative of comparison/association (‘like the rhamnus’).

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἄγνος	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-	_	3 ἄγνος	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἄγνος	ἄγνος	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἐστι	nsubj	high	First coordinated subject noun.
4	λύγος	λύγος	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἄγνος	conj	high	Second coordinated subject noun.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-	_	4 λύγος	cc	high
6	αὐτὴ	αὐτός	PRON	P-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	9 ἐστι	advmod	medium	Intensive pronoun, ‘itself’; syntactically subject-oriented emphasis.
7	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R-	_	8 ταὐτά	case	high	Preposition governing ταὐτά in an adverbial expression.
8	ταὐτά	ὁ αὐτός	PRON	P-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	9 ἐστι	obl	medium	Crasis of τὰ αὐτά; lexicalized adverbial ‘in the same way’.
9	ἐστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
10	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ῥάμνῳ	det	high
11	ῥάμνῳ	ῥάμνος	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἐστι	obl	medium	Dative complement expressing comparison or correspondence.
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἐστι	punct	high

Sentence 4

3.14.7 sentence 4

Tokens: 15
Input: 708
Output: 1,228
Total: 1,936

τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ δὲ οὐ πόρρω τρόπαιον ἕστηκε, Πολυδεύκην δὲ ἀναστῆσαί φασιν ἐπὶ Λυγκεῖ.

The first clause has τρόπαιον as subject of ἕστηκε with genitive τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ and adverbial πόρρω. The second is an accusative-and-infinitive construction: Πολυδεύκην is the understood subject of ἀναστῆσαι, governed by φασιν; ἐπὶ Λυγκεῖ is locative with the monument/person reference, but the exact syntactic relation is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	δα.σ.γεν.ενικ	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	2 Ἀσκληπιοῦ	det	high
2	Ἀσκληπιοῦ	Ἀσκληπιός	PROPN	ουσιαστικό.γεν.ενικ	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 τρόπαιον	nmod	high	Genitive of reference/association: the trophy near Asclepius.
3	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	σύνδεσμος	_	7 ἕστηκε	cc	high
4	οὐ	οὐ	PART	μόριο	Polarity=Neg	5 πόρρω	advmod	high
5	πόρρω	πόρρω	ADV	επίρρημα	_	7 ἕστηκε	advmod	high	Adverb of distance.
6	τρόπαιον	τρόπαιον	NOUN	ουσιαστικό.ονομ.ουδ.ενικ	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ἕστηκε	nsubj	high
7	ἕστηκε	ἵστημι	VERB	ρήμα.παρακ.ενεργ.οριστ.γ ενικ	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Perfect form with present stative sense, ‘stands/has been set up’.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἕστηκε	punct	high
9	Πολυδεύκην	Πολυδεύκης	PROPN	ουσιαστικό.αιτ.αρσ.ενικ	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἀναστῆσαί	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
10	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	σύνδεσμος	_	12 φασιν	cc	high
11	ἀναστῆσαί	ἀνίστημι	VERB	ρήμα.αορ.ενεργ.απαρ	Aspect=Aor\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	12 φασιν	ccomp	high	Infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction.
12	φασιν	φημί	VERB	ρήμα.ενεστ.ενεργ.οριστ.γ πληθ	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	7 ἕστηκε	parataxis	medium	Present ‘they say’; coordinated/parenthetical second clause.
13	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	πρόθεση	_	14 Λυγκεῖ	case	high
14	Λυγκεῖ	Λυγκεύς	PROPN	ουσιαστικό.δοτ.αρσ.ενικ	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἀναστῆσαί	obl	low	Dative after ἐπί; likely denotes the location or object associated with the raising, though the exact sense is context-dependent.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	12 φασιν	punct	high

Sentence 5

3.14.7 sentence 5

Tokens: 18
Input: 724
Output: 1,276
Total: 2,000

καί μοι κἀμοὶ καὶ τοῦτο ἀποφαίνει τὸν λόγον εἰκότα, οὐ ταφῆναι τοὺς Ἀφαρέως παῖδας ἐν Σπάρτῃ.

The accusative-infinitive clause ταφῆναι τοὺς Ἀφαρέως παῖδας ἐν Σπάρτῃ is the content of the plausible λόγον; εἰκότα is analyzed as agreeing with λόγον.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καί	καί	CCONJ	_	_	6 ἀποφαίνει	cc	high
2	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	6 ἀποφαίνει	iobj	high	Dative of reference.
3	κἀμοὶ	ἐγώ	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	6 ἀποφαίνει	iobj	medium	Crasis καὶ ἐμοί; emphatic dative, coordinated with μοι.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	3 κἀμοὶ	cc	medium	Coordinates the emphatic dative phrase with the preceding μοι.
5	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	6 ἀποφαίνει	nsubj	high
6	ἀποφαίνει	ἀποφαίνω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	τὸν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 λόγον	det	high
8	λόγον	λόγος	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀποφαίνει	obj	high
9	εἰκότα	εἰκός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 λόγον	amod	medium	Accusative masculine singular adjective agreeing with λόγον; predicate-like sense ‘reasonable/plausible’.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἀποφαίνει	punct	high
11	οὐ	οὐ	PART	_	_	12 ταφῆναι	advmod	high	Negates the infinitive clause.
12	ταφῆναι	θάπτω	VERB	_	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	8 λόγον	ccomp	high	Infinitival content clause dependent on λόγον εἰκότα.
13	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 παῖδας	det	high
14	Ἀφαρέως	Ἀφαρεύς	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 παῖδας	nmod	high	Patronymic/genitive dependent on παῖδας.
15	παῖδας	παῖς	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ταφῆναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the passive infinitive.
16	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	17 Σπάρτῃ	case	high
17	Σπάρτῃ	Σπάρτη	PROPN	_	Case=Loc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 ταφῆναι	obl	high	Locative of place; formally dative in Greek.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἀποφαίνει	punct	high

Sentence 6

3.14.7 sentence 6

Tokens: 16
Input: 732
Output: 1,250
Total: 1,982

πρὸς δὲ τοῦ Δρόμου τῇ ἀρχῇ Διόσκουροί τέ εἰσιν Ἀφετήριοι καὶ ὀλίγον προελθόντι ἡρῷον Ἄλκωνος.

The first clause locates the starting point of the Dromos and predicates Διόσκουροι Ἀφετήριοι; the second has an understood ἡρῷον as subject, with ὀλίγον προελθόντι functioning as a dative of extent/location, though the dative form is syntactically somewhat compressed.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	Rg	_	6 ἀρχῇ	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C----	_	9 εἰσιν	cc	high
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	S----GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Δρόμου	det	high
4	Δρόμου	δρόμος	PROPN	Nb----GS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀρχῇ	nmod	high	Place-name/common noun used as a named location.
5	τῇ	ὁ	DET	S----DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἀρχῇ	det	high
6	ἀρχῇ	ἀρχή	NOUN	Nb----DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 εἰσιν	obl	high	Dative of position/extent: at the beginning.
7	Διόσκουροί	Διόσκουρος	PROPN	Nb----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 εἰσιν	nsubj	high	Plural proper name, subject of εἰσιν.
8	τέ	τε	CCONJ	C----	_	7 Διόσκουροί	cc	high	Correlative enclitic coordinating with καί.
9	εἰσιν	εἰμί	VERB	V3PIA----	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
10	Ἀφετήριοι	ἀφετήριος	ADJ	A----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 Διόσκουροί	amod	high	Predicative adjective agreeing with Διόσκουροι.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C----	_	14 ἡρῷον	cc	high	Coordinates the second predication.
12	ὀλίγον	ὀλίγος	ADJ	A----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 προελθόντι	advmod	medium	Accusative adverbial modifier, modifying προελθόντι.
13	προελθόντι	προέρχομαι	VERB	VA----DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	14 ἡρῷον	obl	medium	Dative participle, likely agreeing with an understood masculine person or used in a compressed locative/temporal construction.
14	ἡρῷον	ἡρῷον	NOUN	Nb----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 εἰσιν	conj	medium	Second coordinated predication with omitted/copular εἰσιν understood; nominative subject/predicate structure is compressed.
15	Ἄλκωνος	Ἄλκων	PROPN	Nb----GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ἡρῷον	nmod	high	Genitive of the person commemorated.
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9 εἰσιν	punct	high

Sentence 7

3.14.7 sentence 7

Tokens: 8
Input: 640
Output: 660
Total: 1,300

τὸν δὲ Ἄλκωνα λέγουσιν Ἱπποκόωντας παῖδα εἶναι.

Accusative-and-infinitive construction: λέγουσιν takes τὸν Ἄλκωνα as raised accusative subject of εἶναι, with παῖδα as predicate accusative; Ἱπποκόωντας is the accusative plural patronymic/name agreeing with the understood or appositional referent of παῖδα, though its exact syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T--ASM--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 Ἄλκωνα	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	--------	_	4 λέγουσιν	cc	high
3	Ἄλκωνα	Ἄλκων	PROPN	Ne-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 λέγουσιν	obj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitival clause.
4	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
5	Ἱπποκόωντας	Ἱπποκόων	PROPN	Ne-p---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 παῖδα	appos	medium	Form is accusative plural; likely a patronymic/name in apposition, but attachment is uncertain.
6	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N--s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate accusative with εἶναι.
7	εἶναι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PNA---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	4 λέγουσιν	ccomp	high	Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν.
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 λέγουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 8

3.14.7 sentence 8

Tokens: 14
Input: 708
Output: 1,107
Total: 1,815

παρὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἄλκωνος τὸ ἡρῷον Ποσειδῶνός ἐστιν ἱερόν, Δωματίτην δὲ ἐπονομάζουσιν.

The first clause is copular: ἡρῷον is the subject and ἱερόν the predicate adjective; the second clause is paratactic, with implicit subject and Δωματίτην as the accusative name/title assigned by ἐπονομάζουσιν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	PREP	Case=Gen	6 ἡρῷον	case	high	Preposition governing the genitive phrase τοῦ Ἄλκωνος.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 ἐπονομάζουσιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Ἄλκωνος	det	high	Genitive article agreeing with Ἄλκωνος.
4	Ἄλκωνος	Ἄλκων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἡρῷον	nmod	high	Personal name in the genitive.
5	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἡρῷον	det	high	Article with the subject ἡρῷον.
6	ἡρῷον	ἡρῷον	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Subject of the copular clause.
7	Ποσειδῶνός	Ποσειδών	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἱερόν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἱερόν: sanctuary sacred to Poseidon.
8	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular predicate.
9	ἱερόν	ἱερός	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ἐστιν	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective, with Ποσειδῶνος as its genitive complement.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἐστιν	punct	high
11	Δωματίτην	Δωματίτης	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἐπονομάζουσιν	obj	medium	Accusative name/title used as the object of ἐπονομάζουσιν; exact lexical status is uncertain.
12	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 ἐπονομάζουσιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
13	ἐπονομάζουσιν	ἐπονομάζω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	8 ἐστιν	parataxis	high	Finite verb in a coordinated/paratactic second clause; subject is implicit.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐπονομάζουσιν	punct	high

Passage 3.14.7