Grammar parses for passage 3.14.6
Open translation for this passage
καλοῦσι δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι Δρόμον, ἔνθα τοῖς νέοις καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἔτι δρόμου μελέτη καθέστηκεν.
Δρόμον is the accusative predicate complement of καλοῦσι; ἔνθα introduces a locative relative clause. μελέτη καθέστηκεν means that practice/training has been established, with δρόμου as a genitive dependent on μελέτη.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καλοῦσι | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-S-- | _ | 1 καλοῦσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-----NP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 καλοῦσι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | Δρόμον | δρόμος | NOUN | N-----MA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 καλοῦσι | obj | medium | Accusative predicate/object naming the entity called; effectively an object complement. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλοῦσι | punct | high | |
| 6 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Rel | 15 καθέστηκεν | advmod | high | Locative relative adverb, ‘where’. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | S----DPM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 νέοις | det | high | |
| 8 | νέοις | νέος | ADJ | A----DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 μελέτη | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the young men’; dative with μελέτη καθέστηκεν. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 νέοις | cc | high | Coordinates νέοις with the following prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 ἡμῶν | case | high | ἐπί with genitive. |
| 11 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-----G1P | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 8 νέοις | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί; phrase means ‘in our time / even in our day’. |
| 12 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 καθέστηκεν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | N-----MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μελέτη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μελέτη, ‘practice of running’. |
| 14 | μελέτη | μελέτη | NOUN | N-----NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 καθέστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 1 καλοῦσι | acl:relcl | high | Perfect active, ‘has been established’; predicate of the relative clause introduced by ἔνθα. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλοῦσι | punct | high |
ἐς τοῦτον τὸν Δρόμον ἰόντι ἀπὸ τοῦ τάφου τῶν Ἀγιαδῶν ἔστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ μνῆμα Εὐμήδους, Ἱπποκόωντος δὲ καὶ οὗτος ἦν ὁ Εὐμήδης·
The opening dative participle ἰόντι is an adjunct to the implied traveler: ‘for one going to this Dromos’; ἔστιν has existential/l commonplace syntax, with μνῆμα as subject and ἐν ἀριστερᾷ as locative. The second clause identifies Eumedes as a son/descendant of Hippocoon; the genitive relation is elliptical and therefore marked uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 5 ἰόντι | case | high | |
| 2 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | RD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 Δρόμον | det | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Δρόμον | det | high | |
| 4 | Δρόμον | δρόμος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἰόντι | obl | high | Name of the Dromos; appositional/common-noun origin. |
| 5 | ἰόντι | εἶμι | VERB | PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Dative participle, probably circumstantial with an implied traveler; εἰς phrase is its complement. |
| 6 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 8 τάφου | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 τάφου | det | high | |
| 8 | τάφου | τάφος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἰόντι | obl | high | Source point of motion. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Ἀγιαδῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀγιαδῶν | Ἀγιάδαι | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 τάφου | nmod | high | Dynastic/family name. |
| 11 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational verb. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 13 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 13 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἔστιν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine: ‘on the left’. |
| 14 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Existential subject. |
| 15 | Εὐμήδους | Εὐμήδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive of identification: ‘of Eumedes’. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | Ἱπποκόωντος | Ἱπποκόων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Εὐμήδης | nmod | low | Elliptical genitive relation, likely ‘son/descendant of Hippocoon’; precise dependency is uncertain. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 21 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 21 ἦν | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘also’. |
| 20 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 21 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 21 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 ἔστιν | parataxis | high | Copular clause coordinated/paratactically attached to the preceding assertion. |
| 22 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Εὐμήδης | det | high | |
| 23 | Εὐμήδης | Εὐμήδης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative: ‘this Eumedes was …’. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστιν | punct | high |
πεποίηται δὲ καὶ γυμνάσια ἐν τῷ Δρόμῳ, τὸ ἕτερον Εὐρυκλέους ἀνάθημα ἀνδρὸς Σπαρτιάτου·
The perfect middle/passive πεποίηται is impersonal or has an unexpressed subject, with γυμνάσια as its nominative subject; τὸ ἕτερον γυμνάσιον is appositional, and Εὐρυκλέους ἀνάθημα identifies it as the dedication of Eurycles, a Spartan man.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 4 γυμνάσια | cop | medium | Perfect middle/passive form; construed with the nominative γυμνάσια, likely ‘has been made/established’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 γυμνάσια | cc | high | Coordinates this item with preceding context. |
| 4 | γυμνάσια | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N----NA-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural nominative; semantic subject of πεποίηται. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Δρόμῳ | case | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L----DM-S | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Δρόμῳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Δρόμῳ | Δρόμος | PROPN | Ne-----S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γυμνάσια | obl | high | Place name, governed by ἐν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γυμνάσια | punct | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----NA-S | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνάθημα | det | high | Article with substantivized/adjectival ἕτερον, referring to one gymnasium. |
| 10 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A----NA-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνάθημα | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the other’. |
| 11 | Εὐρυκλέους | Εὐρυκλῆς | PROPN | Ne-----S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνάθημα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀνάθημα. |
| 12 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N----NN-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 γυμνάσια | appos | medium | Apposition to the singular referent ἕτερον γυμνάσιον; nominative despite the plural head γυμνάσια. |
| 13 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Σπαρτιάτου | nmod | high | Genitive in apposition to or specifying Εὐρυκλέους: ‘of a man’. |
| 14 | Σπαρτιάτου | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | N----GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνδρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive noun specifying the man’s origin/status, ‘a Spartan’. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γυμνάσια | punct | high |
τοῦ Δρόμου δὲ ἐκτὸς κατὰ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τὸ ἄγαλμα ἔστιν οἰκία τὰ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἰδιώτου, Μενελάου τὸ ἀρχαῖον.
The copular construction is syntactically difficult: τὸ ἄγαλμα is the nominative subject, while οἰκία and the following genitives form an elliptical or textually irregular predicative identification; τὰ ἐφ’ ἡμῶν ἰδιώτου and τὸ ἀρχαῖον are therefore annotated conservatively.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Δρόμου | det | high | |
| 2 | Δρόμου | δρόμος | PROPN | N-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐκτὸς | obl | high | Place-name, genitive. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐκτὸς | ἐκτός | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἔστιν | advmod | high | Adverbial predicate modifier with genitive complement. |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | obl | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | οἰκία | οἰκία | NOUN | N-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative noun; agreement is irregular or textually difficult. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἰδιώτου | det | medium | Article with substantivized/elliptical expression. |
| 13 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 ἡμῶν | case | high | |
| 14 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-----GP-- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 15 ἰδιώτου | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἐπί in the expression ἐφ’ ἡμῶν. |
| 15 | ἰδιώτου | ἰδιώτης | NOUN | N-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 οἰκία | nmod | medium | Genitive phrase modifying οἰκία; τὰ ἐφ’ ἡμῶν is elliptical/difficult. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἰδιώτου | punct | high | |
| 17 | Μενελάου | Μενέλαος | PROPN | N-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἰδιώτου | appos | medium | Appositional identification of the private owner. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | |
| 19 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-----ASN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἰδιώτου | amod | medium | Substantivized/elliptical phrase, likely referring to an earlier former owner or condition. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔστιν | punct | high |
προελθόντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ Δρόμου Διοσκούρων ἱερὸν καὶ Χαρίτων, τὸ δὲ Εἰλειθυίας ἐστὶν Ἀπόλλωνός τε Καρνείου καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος Ἡγεμόνης·
The sentence begins with a dative circumstantial participle, προελθόντι, whose understood subject is the visitor; Διοσκούρων is a genitive dependent on Δρόμου. The first elliptical object/location phrase names the sanctuary of the Dioskouroi and Charites, while τὸ ... Εἰλειθυίας introduces the sanctuary of Eileithyia, whose genitive complements depend on ἐστίν. The exact attachment of ἱερόν and Χαρίτων is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἱερὸν | advcl | medium | Dative circumstantial aorist participle; understood subject is the visitor, with elliptical spatial complement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 προελθόντι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Δρόμου | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Δρόμου | det | high | |
| 5 | Δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 6 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Δρόμου | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on Δρόμου in the place-name expression. |
| 7 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Neuter noun functioning as the subject of ἐστίν; the first sanctuary phrase is elliptical/asyndetic. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἱερὸν | cc | high | |
| 9 | Χαρίτων | Χάριτες | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἱερὸν | nmod | medium | Genitive associated with the sanctuary noun; coordination/elliptical construction. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἱερὸν | punct | high | |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Εἰλειθυίας | det | high | Article substantivizing Εἰλειθυίας; the expression means the sanctuary of Eileithyia. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 13 | Εἰλειθυίας | Εἰλείθυια | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | nmod | high | Genitive complement identifying the sanctuary. |
| 14 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | Ἀπόλλωνός | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | nmod | high | Genitive predicate/possessive complement of ἐστίν. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ἀπόλλωνός | cc | high | |
| 17 | Καρνείου | Κάρνειος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀπόλλωνός | appos | medium | Epithet of Apollo, in genitive agreement. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Ἀρτέμιδος | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀπόλλωνός | conj | high | Second genitive deity coordinated with Ἀπόλλωνος. |
| 20 | Ἡγεμόνης | Ἡγεμόνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀρτέμιδος | appos | medium | Epithet of Artemis, in genitive agreement. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστὶν | punct | high |