Grammar parses for passage 3.14.8
Open translation for this passage
καὶ χωρίον Πλατανιστᾶς ἐστιν ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων, αἳ δὴ ὑψηλαὶ καὶ συνεχεῖς περὶ αὐτὸ αἱ πλάτανοι πεφύκασιν.
The sentence has an existential/copular construction: χωρίον is the predicative subject of ἐστιν, with Πλατανιστᾶς as its name; the relative clause modifies δένδρων and contains πλάτανοι as the subject of πεφύκασιν, with αἳ agreeing with the antecedent and functioning predicatively/subjectively. The exact attachment of the adverbial περὶ αὐτό is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Neuter nominative subject/predicative noun in the existential clause. |
| 3 | Πλατανιστᾶς | Πλατανιστᾶς | PROPN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Place-name; form is indeclinable or irregularly preserved, so gender/case are uncertain. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 δένδρων | case | high | |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 δένδρων | det | high | |
| 7 | δένδρων | δένδρον | NOUN | Nb-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 9 | αἳ | ὅς | PRON | Pr-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 πεφύκασιν | nsubj | medium | Relative pronoun likely refers to the feminine πλάτανοι, despite the nearer neuter δένδρων; construction is syntactically irregular. |
| 10 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 18 πεφύκασιν | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ὑψηλαὶ | ὑψηλός | ADJ | A-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 πλάτανοι | amod | high | Adjective agreeing with πλάτανοι. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 συνεχεῖς | cc | high | |
| 13 | συνεχεῖς | συνεχής | ADJ | A-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 πλάτανοι | conj | high | Adjective coordinated with ὑψηλαί and agreeing with πλάτανοι. |
| 14 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 αὐτὸ | case | high | |
| 15 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 πεφύκασιν | obl | medium | Accusative complement of περί; refers to the χωρίον. |
| 16 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | L-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 πλάτανοι | det | high | |
| 17 | πλάτανοι | πλάτανος | NOUN | Nb-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 πεφύκασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | πεφύκασιν | φύω | VERB | V3pria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστιν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate; perfect of φύω can have a stative sense, 'stand/grow naturally'. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
γεφυρῶν δὲ ἐφʼ ἑκατέρᾳ τῇ μέν ἐστιν ἄγαλμα Ἡρακλέους, τῇ δὲ εἰκὼν Λυκούργου·
The genitive γεφυρῶν is a partitive/topic genitive; ἐφʼ ἑκατέρᾳ governs two correlative dative phrases, with τῇ μέν ... τῇ δέ ... understood as ‘on each [bridge], on one ... on the other’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γεφυρῶν | γέφυρα | NOUN | N--GFP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Plural genitive, likely partitive/topic genitive with the following paired statements. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 ἑκατέρᾳ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί before vowel. |
| 4 | ἑκατέρᾳ | ἑκάτερος | ADJ | A-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Dative feminine singular with ἐπί; modifies the understood location ‘on each [bridge]’. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article in the first correlative dative phrase; substantive/elliptical. |
| 6 | μέν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ at token 12. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-SPAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb; second clause supplies an elliptical parallel predicate. |
| 8 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-SNA---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominal with εἰμί, though annotated as nominal subject under copular analysis. |
| 9 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Ne-Gen---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 εἰκὼν | det | high | Article in the second correlative dative phrase; substantive/elliptical. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 εἰκὼν | cc | high | Second member of μέν ... δέ. |
| 13 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | N-SNF---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Parallel nominal predicate with omitted repeated ἐστιν. |
| 14 | Λυκούργου | Λυκοῦργος | PROPN | Ne-Gen---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on εἰκών. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |
νόμους δὲ ἔς τε τὴν ἄλλην πολιτείαν καὶ ἐς τὴν μάχην τῶν ἐφήβων ἔθηκεν ὁ Λυκοῦργος.
ἔθηκεν governs νόμους as its object and two coordinated εἰς-phrases specifying the domains in which the laws were instituted.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νόμους | νόμος | NOUN | N-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἔθηκεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 14 ἔθηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 7 πολιτείαν | case | high | Variant spelling of εἰς. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | PTC | _ | 3 ἔς | cc | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πολιτείαν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἄλλην | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πολιτείαν | amod | high | |
| 7 | πολιτείαν | πολιτεία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἔθηκεν | obl | high | Object of εἰς understood as a domain/aspect. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 9 ἐς | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 11 μάχην | case | high | Variant spelling of εἰς. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 μάχην | det | high | |
| 11 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἔθηκεν | obl | high | Object of εἰς. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐφήβων | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐφήβων | ἔφηβος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 μάχην | nmod | high | |
| 14 | ἔθηκεν | τίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Λυκοῦργος | det | high | |
| 16 | Λυκοῦργος | Λυκοῦργος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἔθηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔθηκεν | punct | high |