Grammar parses for passage 3.14.9
Open translation for this passage
θύουσι πρὸ τῆς μάχης ἐν τῷ Φοιβαίῳ· τὸ δὲ Φοιβαῖόν ἐστιν ἐκτὸς τῆς πόλεως, Θεράπνης οὐ πολὺ ἀφεστηκός.
The first clause has an understood plural subject (‘they sacrifice’). τὸ Φοιβαῖον is the subject of ἐστιν, with ἐκτός as a predicative adverbial phrase; Θεράπνης οὐ πολὺ ἀφεστηκός is an elliptical relative-like descriptive phrase, ‘not far distant from Therapne’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θύουσι | θύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 μάχης | case | high | |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T- GSFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 μάχης | det | high | |
| 4 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 θύουσι | obl | high | Temporal/occasion adjunct with πρό. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Φοιβαίῳ | case | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSMN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Φοιβαίῳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Φοιβαίῳ | Φοιβαῖον | PROPN | N-DSMN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 θύουσι | obl | high | Place name, governed by ἐν. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 θύουσι | punct | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Φοιβαῖόν | det | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | cc | high | Adversative/continuative conjunction. |
| 11 | Φοιβαῖόν | Φοιβαῖον | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized place-name adjective. |
| 12 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 θύουσι | parataxis | high | Copular clause coordinated after the semicolon. |
| 13 | ἐκτὸς | ἐκτός | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Predicative locative adverb, with following genitive. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 15 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκτὸς | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐκτός. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 17 | Θεράπνης | Θεράπνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀφεστηκός | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ἀφεστηκός; elliptical ‘from Therapne’. |
| 18 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | Polarity=Neg | 20 ἀφεστηκός | advmod | high | |
| 19 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 ἀφεστηκός | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying ἀφεστηκός. |
| 20 | ἀφεστηκός | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-RAP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐστιν | acl | medium | Perfect active participle agreeing with the neuter place-name, with an elliptical copula/relative linkage. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα ἑκατέρα μοῖρα τῶν ἐφήβων σκύλακα κυνὸς τῷ Ἐνυαλίῳ θύουσι, θεῶν τῷ ἀλκιμωτάτῳ κρίνοντες ἱερεῖον κατὰ γνώμην εἶναι τὸ ἀλκιμώτατον ζῷον τῶν ἡμέρων.
The sentence has a coordinated subject ἑκατέρα μοῖρα with genitive τῶν ἐφήβων; κρίνοντες is a circumstantial participle, and εἶναι introduces an accusive-and-infinitive content clause with ἱερεῖον as predicate accusative and τὸ ἀλκιμώτατον ζῷον as subject accusative. The genitive θεῶν is partitive with τῷ ἀλκιμωτάτῳ, while τῶν ἡμέρων is partitive with ζῷον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | _ | 10 θύουσι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἑκατέρα | ἑκάτερος | DET | A--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μοῖρα | det | high | Attributive determiner. |
| 3 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 θύουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐφήβων | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐφήβων | ἔφηβος | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 μοῖρα | nmod | high | Genitive of the members/composition. |
| 6 | σκύλακα | σκύλαξ | NOUN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 θύουσι | obj | high | Sacrificial object. |
| 7 | κυνὸς | κύων | NOUN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 σκύλακα | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the puppy's species/relationship. |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S---DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἐνυαλίῳ | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἐνυαλίῳ | Ἐνυάλιος | PROPN | Ne--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 θύουσι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/addressee of sacrifice. |
| 10 | θύουσι | θύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θύουσι | punct | high | |
| 12 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀλκιμωτάτῳ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with the superlative dative. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S---DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀλκιμωτάτῳ | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀλκιμωτάτῳ | ἀλκιμός | ADJ | A--DSM-S | Case=Dat|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 κρίνοντες | obl | high | Substantivized superlative: the bravest/strongest of the gods. |
| 15 | κρίνοντες | κρίνω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 θύουσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle sharing the finite subject. |
| 16 | ἱερεῖον | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | N--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 17 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R---AS- | Case=Acc | 18 γνώμην | case | high | |
| 18 | γνώμην | γνώμη | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 κρίνοντες | obl | high | Accusative object of the preposition; κατὰ γνώμην means according to their judgment. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 κρίνοντες | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the content clause governed by κρίνοντες. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ζῷον | det | high | Accusative form syncretic with neuter nominative. |
| 21 | ἀλκιμώτατον | ἀλκιμός | ADJ | A--NSN-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ζῷον | amod | high | Superlative adjective agreeing with ζῷον. |
| 22 | ζῷον | ζῷον | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Subject of εἶναι; in the accusative-and-infinitive construction, neuter nominative/accusative is formally identical. |
| 23 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 ἡμέρων | det | high | |
| 24 | ἡμέρων | ἥμερος | ADJ | A--GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 ζῷον | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: domesticated/tame animals; partitive genitive. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 θύουσι | punct | high |
κυνὸς δὲ σκύλακας οὐδένας ἄλλους οἶδα Ἑλλήνων νομίζοντας θύειν ὅτι μὴ Κολοφωνίους· θύουσι γὰρ καὶ Κολοφώνιοι μέλαιναν τῇ Ἐνοδίῳ σκύλακα.
The first clause has οὐδένας ἄλλους Ἑλλήνων as the object of οἶδα, with νομίζοντας θύειν as a participial complement; ὅτι μὴ Κολοφωνίους is an exceptive/explanatory phrase, understood with νομίζοντας. In the second clause, μέλαιναν σκύλακα is the object of θύουσι, and τῇ Ἐνοδίῳ is a dative of the deity addressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κυνὸς | κύων | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 σκύλακας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on σκύλακας: 'puppies of a dog'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 6 οἶδα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σκύλακας | σκύλαξ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 οἶδα | obj | high | Object of οἶδα. |
| 4 | οὐδένας | οὐδείς | PRON | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 σκύλακας | det | high | Negative quantifying determiner modifying σκύλακας. |
| 5 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 σκύλακας | amod | high | Adjectival modifier, coordinated semantically with οὐδένας. |
| 6 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning. |
| 7 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 σκύλακας | nmod | medium | Partitive genitive with οὐδένας ἄλλους. |
| 8 | νομίζοντας | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 οἶδα | xcomp | high | Accusative participle in an accusative-and-participle complement of οἶδα; subject is the understood Greeks. |
| 9 | θύειν | θύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 νομίζοντας | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of νομίζοντας. |
| 10 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C---- | _ | 8 νομίζοντας | mark | medium | Introduces the exceptive/explanatory phrase. |
| 11 | μὴ | μή | PART | D---- | _ | 12 Κολοφωνίους | advmod | high | Negative particle with Κολοφωνίους; elliptical construction. |
| 12 | Κολοφωνίους | Κολοφώνιος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 νομίζοντας | obl | medium | Accusative ethnonym in the exceptive phrase; exact attachment is elliptical. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 οἶδα | punct | high | |
| 14 | θύουσι | θύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | New coordinated clause; punctuation makes a second root-like finite clause. |
| 15 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 14 θύουσι | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory connective. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 14 θύουσι | cc | high | Coordinating/additive conjunction. |
| 17 | Κολοφώνιοι | Κολοφώνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 θύουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of θύουσι. |
| 18 | μέλαιναν | μέλας | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 σκύλακα | amod | high | Modifier of σκύλακα. |
| 19 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 Ἐνοδίῳ | det | high | Article with Ἐνοδίῳ. |
| 20 | Ἐνοδίῳ | Ἐνοδία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 θύουσι | iobj | medium | Dative of the goddess to whom the sacrifice is made. |
| 21 | σκύλακα | σκύλαξ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 θύουσι | obj | high | Object of θύουσι. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 θύουσι | punct | high |
νυκτεριναὶ δὲ ἥ τε Κολοφωνίων θυσία καὶ τῶν ἐν Λακεδαίμονι ἐφήβων καθεστήκασιν.
The coordinated subjects are ἥ τε Κολοφωνίων θυσία and τῶν ἐν Λακεδαίμονι ἐφήβων; νυκτεριναί is the predicate adjective, and καθεστήκασιν is perfect active plural (with idiomatic stative sense).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νυκτεριναὶ | νυκτερινός | ADJ | A--NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 καθεστήκασιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with the coordinated feminine subjects. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 καθεστήκασιν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἥ | ὁ | DET | S--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 θυσία | det | high | Article with θυσία. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 θυσία | cc | high | Correlative coordinator, pairing the first subject with the second. |
| 5 | Κολοφωνίων | Κολοφώνιος | PROPN | A--GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 θυσία | nmod | medium | Ethnic adjective used attributively with θυσία; genitive plural feminine. |
| 6 | θυσία | θυσία | NOUN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 καθεστήκασιν | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 καθεστήκασιν | cc | high | Coordinates the two subjects. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἐφήβων | det | high | Article with ἐφήβων. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Λακεδαίμονι | case | high | Preposition governing Λακεδαίμονι. |
| 10 | Λακεδαίμονι | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐφήβων | nmod | high | Place name in the prepositional phrase modifying ἐφήβων. |
| 11 | ἐφήβων | ἔφηβος | NOUN | N--GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καθεστήκασιν | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject; genitive is partitive/associative with the understood group or construction. |
| 12 | καθεστήκασιν | καθίστημι | VERB | V--XAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active third plural, stative 'stand/remain established'. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 καθεστήκασιν | punct | high |