Grammar parses for passage 3.16.7
Open translation for this passage
τὸ ξόανον δὲ ἐκεῖνο εἶναι λέγουσιν ὅ ποτε καὶ Ὀρέστης καὶ Ἰφιγένεια ἐκ τῆς Ταυρικῆς ἐκκλέπτουσιν·
Infinitival indirect statement after λέγουσιν; relative/pronominal clause introduced by ὅ ποτε with the main finite verb ἐκκλέπτουσιν, and ὅ is treated as object of that verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | ATR S-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 ξόανον | det | high | Article modifying ξόανον. |
| 2 | ξόανον | ξόανον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσιν in an indirect statement. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | CONJ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἐκεῖνο | ἐκεῖνος | DET | PD-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 ξόανον | amod | high | Demonstrative modifying ξόανον. |
| 5 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-? | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 6 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | RR-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 16 ἐκκλέπτουσιν | obj | medium | Likely relative pronoun referring to ξόανον/ἐκεῖνο; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 8 | ποτε | ποτέ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ὅ | advmod | high | Enclitic adverb with ὅ. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 10 Ὀρέστης | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 10 | Ὀρέστης | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐκκλέπτουσιν | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CO | _ | 12 Ἰφιγένεια | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 12 | Ἰφιγένεια | Ἰφιγένεια | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Ὀρέστης | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 15 Ταυρικῆς | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | ATR S-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ταυρικῆς | det | high | Article modifying Ταυρικῆς. |
| 15 | Ταυρικῆς | Ταυρική | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐκκλέπτουσιν | obl | high | Goal/source complement of ἐκ. |
| 16 | ἐκκλέπτουσιν | ἐκκλέπτω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ὅ | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐς δὲ τὴν σφετέραν Λακεδαιμόνιοι κομισθῆναί φασιν Ὀρέστου καὶ ἐνταῦθα βασιλεύοντος.
The syntax is reportative: φασιν takes an infinitival complement, with a genitive participial clause (Ὀρέστου ... βασιλεύοντος) attached to the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | case | high | Preposition governing τὴν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PTCL | _ | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 σφετέραν | det | high | Article modifying σφετέραν. |
| 4 | σφετέραν | σφετέρος | ADJ | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | amod | high | Possessive adjective modifying an understood noun. |
| 5 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 φασιν | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of φασιν; form may be used substantively as ethnicon. |
| 6 | κομισθῆναί | κομίζω | VERB | V--ANP | Aspect=Perf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 7 φασιν | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασιν. |
| 7 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 8 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κομισθῆναί | obl | medium | Genitive dependent of the infinitive; probably source/possession-like genitive in the reported content. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 βασιλεύοντος | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 10 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | _ | 11 βασιλεύοντος | advmod | high | Adverb modifying βασιλεύοντος. |
| 11 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAPGSM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 κομισθῆναί | advcl | high | Genitive participial clause dependent on the infinitive. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καί μοι εἰκότα λέγειν μᾶλλόν τι δοκοῦσιν ἢ Ἀθηναῖοι.
The syntax is elliptical/comparative: δοκοῦσιν takes the infinitival complement λέγειν, with μοι as dative of reference; ἢ Ἀθηναῖοι is a comparative ellipsis, so the relation of token 9 is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 δοκοῦσιν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction linking the comparative phrase |
| 2 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1-D--- | Case=Dative|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 7 δοκοῦσιν | iobj | high | dative of reference/interest with δοκοῦσιν |
| 3 | εἰκότα | εἰκός | ADJ | A-APN- | Case=Accusative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 4 λέγειν | obj | medium | accusative plural neuter substantive/participial adjective with λέγειν |
| 4 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 δοκοῦσιν | xcomp | high | complement of δοκοῦσιν |
| 5 | μᾶλλόν | μᾶλλον | ADV | D----------- | Degree=Cmp | 7 δοκοῦσιν | advmod | high | comparative adverb modifying δοκοῦσιν |
| 6 | τι | τις | PRON | Pk--NA--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 5 μᾶλλόν | advmod | medium | indefinite enclitic intensifier with μᾶλλον |
| 7 | δοκοῦσιν | δοκέω | VERB | V-3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | matrix verb |
| 8 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 δοκοῦσιν | cc | high | comparative conjunction introducing alternative comparison |
| 9 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-APM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 8 ἢ | obl | low | likely understood after ἢ; case is uncertain in the transmitted form |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 δοκοῦσιν | punct | high | sentence-ending punctuation |
ποίῳ γὰρ δὴ λόγῳ κατέλιπεν ἂν ἐν Βραυρῶνι Ἰφιγένεια τὸ ἄγαλμα;
The clause is a rhetorical question with modal ἂν; ποίῳ λόγῳ functions adverbially as an interrogative dative of manner/cause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ποίῳ | ποῖος | ADJ | A--NSM-? | Case=Dative|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 λόγῳ | obl | medium | Interrogative adjective agreeing with λόγῳ; case as implied by the idiom, though form is ambiguous. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 κατέλιπεν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | D-------- | _ | 5 κατέλιπεν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N--DSM--- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλιπεν | obl | high | Dative of manner/cause with ποίῳ. |
| 5 | κατέλιπεν | καταλείπω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the interrogative clause. |
| 6 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | P-------- | _ | 5 κατέλιπεν | advmod | high | Modal particle with past potential force. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Βραυρῶνι | case | high | Preposition governing locative dative. |
| 8 | Βραυρῶνι | Βραυρών | PROPN | NE-S---D- | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλιπεν | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐν. |
| 9 | Ἰφιγένεια | Ἰφιγένεια | PROPN | NE-S---N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλιπεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέλιπεν. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSN--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Definite article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N--NSN--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 κατέλιπεν | obj | high | Direct object of κατέλιπεν. |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 κατέλιπεν | punct | high | Sentence-final Greek question mark. |
ἢ πῶς, ἡνίκα Ἀθηναῖοι τὴν χώραν ἐκλιπεῖν παρεσκευάζοντο, οὐκ ἐσέθεντο καὶ τοῦτο ἐς τὰς ναῦς;
The main difficulty is ἐσέθεντο, which is treated as an aorist middle 3pl form of ἐντίθημι/ἐντίθεμαι-like usage; the broader syntax is a rhetorical question with a temporal clause and coordinated object/goal phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 πῶς | cc | high | Coordinating disjunctive particle/conjunction introducing alternative question. |
| 2 | πῶς | πῶς | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ἐσέθεντο | advmod | high | Interrogative adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐσέθεντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 4 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 παρεσκευάζοντο | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 5 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | NOUN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 παρεσκευάζοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of παρεσκευάζοντο. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 χώραν | det | high | Article modifying χώραν. |
| 7 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | NOUN | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐκλιπεῖν | obj | high | Object of the infinitive ἐκλιπεῖν. |
| 8 | ἐκλιπεῖν | ἐκλείπω | VERB | V-NA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 παρεσκευάζοντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on παρεσκευάζοντο. |
| 9 | παρεσκευάζοντο | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V-3PII | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 12 ἐσέθεντο | advcl | high | Temporal clause verb governed by the main question. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐσέθεντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PRT | _ | 12 ἐσέθεντο | advmod | high | Negation particle. |
| 12 | ἐσέθεντο | ἐντίθημι | VERB | V-3PAMM | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely 3pl aorist middle form; syntax as main predicate of the question. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 τοῦτο | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 14 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐσέθεντο | obj | high | Object of ἐσέθεντο. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ἐσέθεντο | case | high | Preposition introducing goal phrase. |
| 16 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ναῦς | det | high | Article modifying ναῦς. |
| 17 | ναῦς | ναῦς | NOUN | NOUN | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἐσέθεντο | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἐσέθεντο. |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐσέθεντο | punct | high | Question mark. |