Grammar parses for passage 3.17.1
Open translation for this passage
οἰκοδομῆσαι δέ φασιν αὐτὸ καὶ Εἰλείθυιαν νομίσαι θεὸν γενομένου σφίσιν ἐκ Δελφῶν μαντεύματος.
Infinitival coordination depends on φασιν: οἰκοδομῆσαι and νομίσαι are coordinated complementary infinitives. αὐτό is the object of οἰκοδομῆσαι; Εἰλείθυιαν is the object/predicate accusative of νομίσαι, with θεόν agreeing with it. γενομένου is a genitive absolute, while σφίσιν is the dative of reference and ἐκ Δελφῶν μαντεύματος expresses source of the oracle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἰκοδομῆσαι | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-AN-ACT | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 φασιν | xcomp | high | Coordinated complementary infinitive. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 3 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 οἰκοδομῆσαι | obj | high | Object of οἰκοδομῆσαι. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 7 νομίσαι | cc | high | Coordinates the two infinitives. |
| 6 | Εἰλείθυιαν | Εἰλείθυια | PROPN | Ne-s-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 νομίσαι | obj | high | Accusative object of νομίσαι. |
| 7 | νομίσαι | νομίζω | VERB | V-AN-ACT | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 φασιν | xcomp | high | Second coordinated complementary infinitive. |
| 8 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-S-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Εἰλείθυιαν | xcomp | medium | Predicate accusative with Εἰλείθυιαν under νομίσαι; agreement is semantically, not morphologically, straightforward. |
| 9 | γενομένου | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AM-G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 μαντεύματος | acl | medium | Genitive absolute; understood neuter subject is implicit/contextual. |
| 10 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3PD | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 γενομένου | obl | medium | Dative of reference within the genitive-absolute construction. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 13 μαντεύματος | case | high | |
| 12 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | Ne-p---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐκ | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 13 | μαντεύματος | μάντευμα | NOUN | N-S-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 γενομένου | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on γενομένου, expressing the oracle from which the event/knowledge arose; attachment is syntactically difficult. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 φασιν | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμονίοις δὲ ἡ ἀκρόπολις μὲν ἐς ὕψος περιφανὲς ἐξίσχουσα οὐκ ἔστι, καθὰ δὴ Θηβαίοις τε ἡ Καδμεία καὶ ἡ Λάρισα Ἀργείοις·
The sentence has a fronted dative of comparison/association (Λακεδαιμονίοις) and a nominative subject ἡ ἀκρόπολις with μὲν; καθὰ introduces the analogous comparison, with ellipsis of ἐξίσχουσα/ἔστι in the coordinated examples. The form ἐς is a variant of εἰς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἔστι | obl | high | Dative of respect/comparison: 'for the Lacedaemonians'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G----DS- | _ | 11 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀκρόπολις | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀκρόπολις | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N--S-NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστι. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G----DS- | _ | 4 ἀκρόπολις | discourse | high | Correlative μὲν, anticipating the comparative examples. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ὕψος | case | high | Epic/poetic variant of εἰς. |
| 7 | ὕψος | ὕψος | NOUN | N--SNA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐξίσχουσα | obl | high | Accusative with ἐς; goal/extent of rising. |
| 8 | περιφανὲς | περιφανής | ADJ | A--SNA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ὕψος | amod | high | Agrees with ὕψος. |
| 9 | ἐξίσχουσα | ἐξέχω | VERB | V--PAP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἔστι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with ἀκρόπολις. |
| 10 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | G----DN- | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἔστι | advmod | high | Negates ἔστι. |
| 11 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-P-I3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate; the complement is expressed by the participial construction. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 13 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 11 ἔστι | mark | medium | Comparative subordinator, introducing the analogous cases; sometimes analyzed as καθάπερ/καθά. |
| 14 | δὴ | δή | PART | G----DS- | _ | 13 καθὰ | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 15 | Θηβαίοις | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Καδμεία | obl | high | Dative of comparison/association for Καδμεία. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G----DS- | _ | 18 Καδμεία | cc | high | Coordinates the first comparative example with the following one. |
| 17 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Καδμεία | det | high | |
| 18 | Καδμεία | Καδμεία | PROPN | N---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἔστι | conj | medium | Nominal comparative example, with predicate ellipsis from ἔστι/ἐξίσχουσα. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 21 Λάρισα | cc | high | Coordinates the second example. |
| 20 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 Λάρισα | det | high | |
| 21 | Λάρισα | Λάρισα | PROPN | N---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Καδμεία | conj | high | Second coordinated comparative example, with predicate ellipsis. |
| 22 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Λάρισα | obl | high | Dative of comparison/association for Λάρισα. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστι | punct | high |
ὄντων δὲ ἐν τῇ πόλει λόφων καὶ ἄλλων, τὸ μάλιστα ἐς μετέωρον ἀνῆκον ὀνομάζουσιν ἀκρόπολιν.
Genitive absolute ὄντων ... λόφων καὶ ἄλλων sets the scene; τὸ ... ἀνῆκον is a substantivized article-plus-participial phrase, object of ὀνομάζουσιν, with ἀκρόπολιν as its predicative/object complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄντων | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 λόφων | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ὄντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 πόλει | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλει | det | high | |
| 5 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ὄντων | obl | high | Dative locative complement of ἐν. |
| 6 | λόφων | λόφος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ὀνομάζουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of genitive absolute. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἄλλων | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 λόφων | conj | high | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with λόφων. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνῆκον | det | high | Article substantivizing the participial phrase. |
| 11 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 14 ἀνῆκον | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying ἀνῆκον. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 μετέωρον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 13 | μετέωρον | μετέωρος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνῆκον | obl | high | Accusative object of ἐς. |
| 14 | ἀνῆκον | ἀνήκω | VERB | V-PAP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Substantivized accusative participle, agreeing with τὸ. |
| 15 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | ἀκρόπολιν | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὀνομάζουσιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative/object complement with ὀνομάζουσιν; could also be analyzed as a second object. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high |