Grammar parses for passage 3.17.5
Open translation for this passage
ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ τῆς Χαλκιοίκου Μουσῶν ἱδρύσαντο ἱερόν, ὅτι οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὰς ἐξόδους ἐπὶ τὰς μάχας οὐ μετὰ σαλπίγγων ἐποιοῦντο ἀλλὰ πρός τε αὐλῶν μέλη καὶ ὑπὸ λύρας καὶ κιθάρας κρούσμασιν.
Main clause has a locative prepositional phrase and postposed subject; ὅτι introduces the explanatory clause. The final coordination is somewhat compressed: μέλη is the accusative object of ἐποιοῦντο, with instrumental/agency phrases specifying musical accompaniment; κρούσμασιν is instrumental dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 2 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 2 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A--FS---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἱδρύσαντο | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘on the left’. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἱδρύσαντο | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Χαλκιοίκου | det | high | |
| 5 | Χαλκιοίκου | Χαλκίοικος | PROPN | A--GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Μουσῶν | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Μουσῶν. |
| 6 | Μουσῶν | Μοῦσα | PROPN | N--GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 ἀριστερᾷ | nmod | high | Name of the Muses; genitive dependent on ἀριστερᾷ. |
| 7 | ἱδρύσαντο | ἱδρύω | VERB | V--AMI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N--ASN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἱδρύσαντο | obj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuary’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἱδρύσαντο | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | mark | high | Causal/explanatory conjunction. |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L--NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 12 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A--NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L--APF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐξόδους | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐξόδους | ἔξοδος | NOUN | N--APF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 17 μάχας | case | high | With accusative. |
| 16 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L--APF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 μάχας | det | high | |
| 17 | μάχας | μάχη | NOUN | N--APF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐξόδους | nmod | high | Destination/purpose: sorties for battles. |
| 18 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | advmod | high | |
| 19 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 20 σαλπίγγων | case | high | With genitive. |
| 20 | σαλπίγγων | σάλπιγξ | NOUN | N--GPF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | obl | high | Instrumental accompaniment. |
| 21 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | V--IMI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 10 ὅτι | advcl | high | Imperfect middle, ‘they made/carried out’. |
| 22 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | cc | high | |
| 23 | πρός | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 26 μέλη | case | medium | Preposition governing αὐλῶν; phrase means accompaniment to flute music. |
| 24 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 μέλη | cc | high | Correlative coordination with καί. |
| 25 | αὐλῶν | αὐλός | NOUN | N--GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 μέλη | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on μέλη: ‘of flutes’. |
| 26 | μέλη | μέλος | NOUN | N--APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ἐποιοῦντο | conj | medium | Accusative object coordinated after ἀλλά; syntactically compressed. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 κρούσμασιν | cc | high | |
| 28 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 32 κρούσμασιν | case | high | With genitive, expressing agency/source. |
| 29 | λύρας | λύρα | NOUN | N--GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 κρούσμασιν | obl | high | |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 κιθάρας | cc | high | |
| 31 | κιθάρας | κιθάρα | NOUN | N--GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 λύρας | conj | high | Coordinated with λύρας. |
| 32 | κρούσμασιν | κροῦσμα | NOUN | N--DPN---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 μέλη | obl | medium | Instrumental dative, ‘with/plucked or struck sounds’; attachment to the musical phrase is somewhat uncertain. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἱδρύσαντο | punct | high |
ὄπισθεν δὲ τῆς Χαλκιοίκου ναός ἐστιν Ἀφροδίτης Ἀρείας· τὰ δὲ ξόανα ἀρχαῖα εἴπερ τι ἄλλο ἐν Ἕλλησιν.
Two coordinated clauses: ναός ἐστιν takes the genitives Ἀφροδίτης Ἀρείας as an attributive/genitival complement; τὰ ξόανα is the subject of an omitted copula, with ἀρχαῖα as predicate adjective. εἴπερ τι ἄλλο ἐν Ἕλλησιν is an elliptical comparison, approximately 'if anything else among the Greeks'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Rel | 5 ναός | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ναός | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | LGSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Χαλκιοίκου | det | high | |
| 4 | Χαλκιοίκου | Χαλκίοικος | PROPN | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ὄπισθεν | obl | medium | Toponymic/divine epithet; genitive dependent on ὄπισθεν. |
| 5 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ναός | nmod | high | |
| 8 | Ἀρείας | Ἀρεία | PROPN | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀφροδίτης | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Ἀφροδίτης. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ξόανα | det | high | Nominal subject article. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ξόανα | cc | high | Connects the second clause. |
| 12 | ξόανα | ξόανον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀρχαῖα | nsubj | medium | Subject of elliptical copula. |
| 13 | ἀρχαῖα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ξόανα | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with omitted εἰσί. |
| 14 | εἴπερ | εἴπερ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἀρχαῖα | mark | medium | Introduces elliptical comparison/qualification. |
| 15 | τι | τις | PRON | P-N-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 16 ἄλλο | det | medium | Indefinite neuter modifying substantival ἄλλο. |
| 16 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | PRON | A-N-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 13 ἀρχαῖα | obl | medium | Substantival 'anything else'; case is syntactically elliptical. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 Ἕλλησιν | case | high | |
| 18 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἄλλο | nmod | high | Plural ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |