Grammar parses for passage 3.17.9
Open translation for this passage
τοῦτο τὸ ἄγος οὐκ ἐξεγένετο ἀποφυγεῖν Παυσανίᾳ, καθάρσια παντοῖα καὶ ἱκεσίας δεξαμένῳ Διὸς Φυξίου καὶ δὴ ἐς Φιγαλίαν ἐλθόντι τὴν Ἀρκάδων παρὰ τοὺς ψυχαγωγούς·
The sentence has an impersonal ἐξεγένετο with aorist infinitive ἀποφυγεῖν; Παυσανίᾳ is the dative experiencer, and the two dative participles are coordinated circumstantial adjuncts sharing that referent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PDNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 ἄγος | det | high | Demonstrative determiner of ἄγος. |
| 2 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἄγος | det | high | Article with ἄγος. |
| 3 | ἄγος | ἄγος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξεγένετο | nsubj | high | Subject of impersonal ἐξεγένετο. |
| 4 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἐξεγένετο | advmod | high | Clausal negation. |
| 5 | ἐξεγένετο | ἐκγίγνομαι | VERB | V3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal construction, ‘it was not possible/it did not happen’. |
| 6 | ἀποφυγεῖν | ἀποφεύγω | VERB | V--PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἐξεγένετο | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐξεγένετο. |
| 7 | Παυσανίᾳ | Παυσανίας | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποφυγεῖν | obl | high | Dative experiencer/agent with ἀποφυγεῖν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δεξαμένῳ | punct | high | |
| 9 | καθάρσια | καθάρσιον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 δεξαμένῳ | obj | medium | Object of δεξαμένῳ; ritual purifications. |
| 10 | παντοῖα | παντοῖος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 καθάρσια | amod | high | Modifies καθάρσια. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 ἱκεσίας | cc | high | Coordinates ἱκεσίας with καθάρσια. |
| 12 | ἱκεσίας | ἱκεσία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 δεξαμένῳ | obj | high | Second object of δεξαμένῳ. |
| 13 | δεξαμένῳ | δέχομαι | VERB | V-ADPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἀποφυγεῖν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, sharing Παυσανίᾳ as understood subject. |
| 14 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἱκεσίας | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἱκεσίας, likely ‘supplications to Zeus’. |
| 15 | Φυξίου | Φύξιος | PROPN | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Διὸς | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Διός. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 20 ἐλθόντι | cc | high | Coordinates participial adjuncts. |
| 17 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 20 ἐλθόντι | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 19 Φιγαλίαν | case | high | Preposition governing Φιγαλίαν. |
| 19 | Φιγαλίαν | Φιγάλεια | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐλθόντι | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 20 | ἐλθόντι | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAPDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἀποφυγεῖν | advcl | high | Coordinated circumstantial participle, sharing Παυσανίᾳ as understood subject. |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Φιγαλίαν | det | high | Article with understood/appositional place expression. |
| 22 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 Φιγαλίαν | nmod | medium | Genitive of belonging: Phigalia of the Arcadians. |
| 23 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 25 ψυχαγωγούς | case | high | Preposition governing τοὺς ψυχαγωγούς. |
| 24 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 ψυχαγωγούς | det | high | Article with ψυχαγωγούς. |
| 25 | ψυχαγωγούς | ψυχαγωγός | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐλθόντι | obl | high | Reference point with παρά: near the soul-conductors/necromancers. |
| 26 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐξεγένετο | punct | high |
δίκην δὲ ἣν εἰκὸς ἦν Κλεονίκῃ τε ἀπέδωκε καὶ τῷ θεῷ.
The relative clause ἣν εἰκὸς ἦν is an impersonal parenthetical construction (‘which was likely/proper’); ἣν is the object of ἀπέδωκε by attraction/relative linkage, while Κλεονίκῃ and τῷ θεῷ are coordinated dative recipients. The exact antecedent is context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπέδωκε | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ἀπέδωκε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | p-r---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπέδωκε | obj | medium | Relative pronoun; syntactically linked to ἀπέδωκε, though its antecedent is not recoverable from this sentence alone. |
| 4 | εἰκὸς | εἴκω | VERB | v-sppann- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Impersonal neuter participle used substantivally/predicatively in the construction εἰκὸς ἦν. |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ἣν | acl:rel | high | Impersonal finite verb governing the εἰκὸς construction. |
| 6 | Κλεονίκῃ | Κλεονίκη | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπέδωκε | iobj | high | Personal name; dative recipient. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 6 Κλεονίκῃ | cc | high | First member of the τε ... καί coordination. |
| 8 | ἀπέδωκε | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | v3s iaa--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ἀπέδωκε | cc | high | Coordinates the second dative recipient with Κλεονίκῃ. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 11 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπέδωκε | iobj | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπέδωκε | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ ἐκτελοῦντες πρόσταγμα ἐκ Δελφῶν τάς τε εἰκόνας ἐποιήσαντο τὰς χαλκᾶς καὶ δαίμονα τιμῶσιν Ἐπιδώτην, τὸ ἐπὶ Παυσανίᾳ τοῦ Ἱκεσίου μήνιμα ἀποτρέπειν τὸν Ἐπιδώτην λέγοντες τοῦτον.
The main coordination is ἐποιήσαντο ... καὶ τιμῶσιν; λέγοντες introduces an accusative-and-infinitive explanation, with τὸ ... μήνιμα as the object of ἀποτρέπειν and τὸν Ἐπιδώτην as its accusative subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐκτελοῦντες | ἐκτελέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with the subject. |
| 4 | πρόσταγμα | πρόσταγμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐκτελοῦντες | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Δελφῶν | case | high | |
| 6 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πρόσταγμα | nmod | high | Source/origin genitive. |
| 7 | τάς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰκόνας | det | high | |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | cc | high | First member of correlative coordination. |
| 9 | εἰκόνας | εἰκών | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | Object of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 10 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AIM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; coordination continues with τιμῶσιν. |
| 11 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 χαλκᾶς | det | high | |
| 12 | χαλκᾶς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰκόνας | amod | high | Predicative/material adjective with εἰκόνας. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 τιμῶσιν | cc | high | |
| 14 | δαίμονα | δαίμων | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 τιμῶσιν | obj | high | Object of τιμῶσιν. |
| 15 | τιμῶσιν | τιμάω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 16 | Ἐπιδώτην | Ἐπιδώτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 δαίμονα | appos | high | Proper name in apposition to δαίμονα. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 λέγοντες | punct | high | |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 μήνιμα | det | high | Article substantivizing the following neuter phrase. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 Παυσανίᾳ | case | high | |
| 20 | Παυσανίᾳ | Παυσανίας | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 μήνιμα | nmod | high | Dative governed by ἐπί in the temporal/hostile circumstance. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ἱκεσίου | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἱκεσίου | Ἱκέσιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 μήνιμα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on μήνιμα, identifying the offended deity. |
| 23 | μήνιμα | μήνιμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἀποτρέπειν | obj | high | Object of ἀποτρέπειν within the accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 24 | ἀποτρέπειν | ἀποτρέπω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 27 λέγοντες | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on λέγοντες. |
| 25 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 Ἐπιδώτην | det | high | |
| 26 | Ἐπιδώτην | Ἐπιδώτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἀποτρέπειν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive, not object of ἀποτρέπειν. |
| 27 | λέγοντες | λέγω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 τιμῶσιν | advcl | high | Participial speech complement modifying the coordinated main action. |
| 28 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 26 Ἐπιδώτην | appos | medium | Resumptive/appositional demonstrative referring to Ἐπιδώτην; exact attachment is syntactically debated. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high |