Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 3.18.12

← 3.18.113.18.13 →

Passage 3.18.12

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
55Greek tokens
2,231input tokens
4,067output tokens
Sentence 1

3.18.12 sentence 1

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Output
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παραδίδωσι δὲ καὶ Πηλεὺς Ἀχιλλέα τραφησόμενον παρὰ Χίρωνι, ὃς καὶ διδάξαι λέγεται·

Πηλεὺς is the nominative subject of παραδίδωσι; Ἀχιλλέα is its accusative object with τραφησόμενον as a supplementary future passive participle. ὃς refers to Χίρων and is the subject of λέγεται, with διδάξαι as its complementary infinitive.

punct parataxis obj punct nsubj nsubj advmod obl cc xcomp case advmod xcomp root 1 παραδίδωσι παραδίδωμι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / ADV 4 Πηλεὺς Πηλεύς / PROPN 5 Ἀχιλλέα Ἀχιλλεύς / PROPN 6 τραφησόμενον τρέφω / VERB 7 παρὰ παρά / ADP 8 Χίρωνι Χείρων / PROPN 9 , , / PUNCT 10 ὃς ὅς / PRON 11 καὶ καί / ADV 12 διδάξαι διδάσκω / VERB 13 λέγεται λέγω / VERB 14 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1παραδίδωσιπαραδίδωμιVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_1 παραδίδωσιcchigh
3καὶκαίADVADV_1 παραδίδωσιadvmodhighAdditive adverb.
4ΠηλεὺςΠηλεύςPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 παραδίδωσιnsubjhigh
5ἈχιλλέαἈχιλλεύςPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 παραδίδωσιobjhigh
6τραφησόμενοντρέφωVERBV-FPP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass5 ἈχιλλέαxcomphighSupplementary participle predicated of Ἀχιλλέα.
7παρὰπαράADPPREP_8 Χίρωνιcasehigh
8ΧίρωνιΧείρωνPROPNN-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 τραφησόμενονoblhighDative with παρά here denotes the person under whose care/with whom Achilles is reared.
9,,PUNCT__13 λέγεταιpuncthigh
10ὃςὅςPRONP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel13 λέγεταιnsubjhighRelative pronoun referring to Χίρων.
11καὶκαίADVADV_12 διδάξαιadvmodhighAdditive adverb modifying διδάξαι.
12διδάξαιδιδάσκωVERBV-AANMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act13 λέγεταιxcomphighComplementary infinitive with λέγεται.
13λέγεταιλέγωVERBV-PII-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass1 παραδίδωσιparataxismediumImpersonal/passive report construction; linked as a coordinate-like clause to the main verb.
14··PUNCT__1 παραδίδωσιpuncthigh
Sentence 2

3.18.12 sentence 2

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Κέφαλος δὲ τοῦ κάλλους ἕνεκα ὑπὸ Ἡμέρας ἐστὶν ἡρπασμένος, καὶ ἐς τὸν γάμον τὸν Ἁρμονίας δῶρα κομίζουσιν οἱ θεοί.

Κέφαλος is the nominative subject of the passive periphrastic ἐστὶν ἡρπασμένος, with ὑπό + genitive agent; τοῦ κάλλους ἕνεκα is a postposed genitive purpose phrase. In the second clause, οἱ θεοί is the subject and δῶρα the accusative object; τὸν Ἁρμονίας modifies γάμον, with Ἁρμονίας genitive dependent on γάμον.

conj nsubj:pass cc cc case obl punct obl:agent case nmod nsubj det obl case aux punct det det obj det root 1 Κέφαλος Κέφαλος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τοῦ ὁ / DET 4 κάλλους κάλλος / NOUN 5 ἕνεκα ἕνεκα / ADP 6 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 7 Ἡμέρας Ἡμέρα / PROPN 8 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 9 ἡρπασμένος ἁρπάζω / VERB 10 , , / PUNCT 11 καὶ καί / CCONJ 12 ἐς εἰς / ADP 13 τὸν ὁ / DET 14 γάμον γάμος / NOUN 15 τὸν ὁ / DET 16 Ἁρμονίας Ἁρμονία / PROPN 17 δῶρα δῶρον / NOUN 18 κομίζουσιν κομίζω / VERB 19 οἱ ὁ / DET 20 θεοί θεός / NOUN 21 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΚέφαλοςΚέφαλοςPROPNNe-s---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἡρπασμένοςnsubj:passhigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_9 ἡρπασμένοςcchighPostpositive connective.
3τοῦDETL-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 κάλλουςdethigh
4κάλλουςκάλλοςNOUNN-s---ng-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἕνεκαoblhighGenitive of cause/purpose with ἕνεκα.
5ἕνεκαἕνεκαADPR--------_9 ἡρπασμένοςcasemediumPostposition governing the preceding genitive phrase.
6ὑπὸὑπόADPR--------_7 ἩμέραςcasehighAgent marker with genitive.
7ἩμέραςἩμέραPROPNNe-s---fg-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ἡρπασμένοςobl:agenthigh
8ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act9 ἡρπασμένοςauxhigh
9ἡρπασμένοςἁρπάζωVERBVmpp-snm-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass0 ROOTroothighPerfect passive participle in a periphrastic construction.
10,,PUNCT__9 ἡρπασμένοςpuncthigh
11καὶκαίCCONJC--------_18 κομίζουσινcchighCoordinates the second clause.
12ἐςεἰςADPR--------_14 γάμονcasehigh
13τὸνDETL-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 γάμονdethigh
14γάμονγάμοςNOUNN-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 κομίζουσινoblhighGoal/destination of κομίζουσιν.
15τὸνDETL-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 ἉρμονίαςdethighArticle agreeing with γάμον; token order is discontinuous.
16ἉρμονίαςἉρμονίαPROPNNe-s---fg-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 γάμονnmodhighGenitive dependent on γάμον.
17δῶραδῶρονNOUNN-p---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur18 κομίζουσινobjhigh
18κομίζουσινκομίζωVERBV3ppia---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act9 ἡρπασμένοςconjhigh
19οἱDETL-p---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur20 θεοίdethigh
20θεοίθεόςNOUNN-p---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur18 κομίζουσινnsubjhigh
21..PUNCT__18 κομίζουσινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

3.18.12 sentence 3

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20
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καὶ Ἀχιλλέως μονομαχία πρὸς Μέμνονα ἐπείργασται, Διομήδην τε Ἡρακλῆς τὸν Θρᾷκα καὶ ἐπʼ Εὐήνῳ τῷ ποταμῷ Νέσσον τιμωρούμενος.

The sentence has an elliptical/participial construction: ἐπείργασται governs μονομαχία, while Διομήδην and Νέσσον are coordinated accusative objects associated with Ἡρακλῆς τιμωρούμενος; the exact attachment of τε is somewhat uncertain.

punct advcl obj nsubj cc appos nsubj:pass cc nmod obl nmod case obl punct cc det case det obj root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 Ἀχιλλέως Ἀχιλλεύς / PROPN 3 μονομαχία μονομαχία / NOUN 4 πρὸς πρός / ADP 5 Μέμνονα Μέμνων / PROPN 6 ἐπείργασται ἐπεργάζομαι / VERB 7 , , / PUNCT 8 Διομήδην Διομήδης / PROPN 9 τε τε / CCONJ 10 Ἡρακλῆς Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 11 τὸν ὁ / DET 12 Θρᾷκα Θρᾷξ / PROPN 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 ἐπʼ ἐπί / ADP 15 Εὐήνῳ Εὐήνος / PROPN 16 τῷ ὁ / DET 17 ποταμῷ ποταμός / NOUN 18 Νέσσον Νέσσος / PROPN 19 τιμωρούμενος τιμωρέομαι / VERB 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJConj_3 μονομαχίαcchigh
2ἈχιλλέωςἈχιλλεύςPROPNN--GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 μονομαχίαnmodhighGenitive dependent on μονομαχία.
3μονομαχίαμονομαχίαNOUNN--NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ἐπείργασταιnsubj:passhigh
4πρὸςπρόςADPR及_5 Μέμνοναcasehigh
5ΜέμνοναΜέμνωνPROPNN--ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐπείργασταιoblmediumObject of πρὸς in the description of the combat.
6ἐπείργασταιἐπεργάζομαιVERBV-RMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTrootmediumPerfect middle/passive form; semantic sense is 'has been worked/executed' or 'is represented'.
7,,PUNCT__6 ἐπείργασταιpuncthigh
8ΔιομήδηνΔιομήδηςPROPNN--ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 τιμωρούμενοςobjmediumAccusative object in the participial construction.
9τετεCCONJConj_8 ΔιομήδηνccmediumEnclitic coordination; exact scope is uncertain.
10ἩρακλῆςἩρακλῆςPROPNN--NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 τιμωρούμενοςnsubjhighSubject of τιμωρούμενος.
11τὸνDETL--ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 Θρᾷκαdethigh
12ΘρᾷκαΘρᾷξPROPNN--ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing8 ΔιομήδηνapposmediumAppositional identification of Διομήδην: the Thracian.
13καὶκαίCCONJConj_18 Νέσσονcchigh
14ἐπʼἐπίADPR及_15 ΕὐήνῳcasehighElided form of ἐπί.
15ΕὐήνῳΕὐήνοςPROPNN--DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 ποταμῷnmodhighProper-name modifier within the river phrase.
16τῷDETL--DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 ποταμῷdethigh
17ποταμῷποταμόςNOUNN--DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 τιμωρούμενοςoblhighDative governed by ἐπί.
18ΝέσσονΝέσσοςPROPNN--ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 τιμωρούμενοςobjhighSecond accusative object coordinated with Διομήδην.
19τιμωρούμενοςτιμωρέομαιVERBV-PMP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid6 ἐπείργασταιadvclmediumCircumstantial middle participle, agreeing with Ἡρακλῆς; governs the accusatives.
20..PUNCT__6 ἐπείργασταιpuncthigh
← 3.18.113.18.13 →