Grammar parses for passage 3.18.2
Open translation for this passage
ἀναθεῖναι δὲ Λυκοῦργον λέγουσιν ἐκκοπέντα τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν τὸν ἕτερον ὑπὸ Ἀλκάνδρου, διότι οὓς ἔθηκε νόμους οὐκ ἀρεστοὺς συνέβαινεν εἶναι τῷ Ἀλκάνδρῳ.
Infinitival construction: Λυκοῦργον is the accusative subject of ἀναθεῖναι, with ἐκκοπέντα and τὸν ἕτερον agreeing with it; διότι introduces the causal clause, whose subject is οὓς νόμους and whose predicate is ἀρεστούς εἶναι with τῷ Ἀλκάνδρῳ as dative experiencer. The antecedent of οὓς is νόμους, though the relative pronoun precedes its antecedent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναθεῖναι | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V--AN- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Λυκοῦργον | Λυκοῦργος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀναθεῖναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἐκκοπέντα | ἐκκόπτω | VERB | V-APP-AMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 Λυκοῦργον | acl | high | Participial modifier of Λυκοῦργον; passive, with agent ὑπό. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | R-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ὀφθαλμῶν | det | high | |
| 7 | ὀφθαλμῶν | ὀφθαλμός | NOUN | N-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐκκοπέντα | obl | high | Genitive of the body part affected by ἐκκοπέντα. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | R-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἕτερον | det | high | |
| 9 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Λυκοῦργον | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, 'the other' eye; object of ἀναθεῖναι. |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 11 Ἀλκάνδρου | case | high | |
| 11 | Ἀλκάνδρου | Ἄλκανδρος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκκοπέντα | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive participle. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | διότι | διότι | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 19 συνέβαινεν | mark | high | Causal subordinator. |
| 14 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | P---ama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔθηκε | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἔθηκε; anticipates νόμους. |
| 15 | ἔθηκε | τίθημι | VERB | V-IAA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 συνέβαινεν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause verb. |
| 16 | νόμους | νόμος | NOUN | N------ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀρεστοὺς | nsubj | high | Postposed antecedent of οὓς; subject of εἶναι. |
| 17 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 18 ἀρεστοὺς | advmod | high | |
| 18 | ἀρεστοὺς | ἀρεστός | ADJ | A-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἶναι. |
| 19 | συνέβαινεν | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσιν | ccomp | medium | Impersonal construction, 'it happened/turned out'; governs εἶναι. |
| 20 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PXN- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 συνέβαινεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of συνέβαινεν. |
| 21 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | R-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ἀλκάνδρῳ | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἀλκάνδρῳ | Ἄλκανδρος | PROPN | Ne-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀρεστοὺς | obl | high | Dative of reference/experiencer with ἀρεστός. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
διαφυγὼν δὲ ἐς τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον Λακεδαιμονίων ἀμυνάντων μὴ προσαπολέσθαι οἱ καὶ τὸν λειπόμενον ὀφθαλμόν, οὕτω ναὸν Ὀφθαλμίτιδος Ἀθηνᾶς ἐποίησε.
The genitive absolute Λακεδαιμονίων ἀμυνάντων expresses the Spartans defending; μὴ προσαπολέσθαι is an infinitival purpose/result complement with dative οἱ, and διαφυγών is a circumstantial participle modifying the implicit subject of ἐποίησε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαφυγὼν | διαφεύγω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 21 ἐποίησε | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject understood with ἐποίησε. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 διαφυγὼν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 χωρίον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | D-NSN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Dem | 6 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 6 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 6 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 διαφυγὼν | obl | high | Goal/location with ἐς. |
| 7 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 8 ἀμυνάντων | nsubj | high | Subject of genitive absolute. |
| 8 | ἀμυνάντων | ἀμύνω | VERB | V-2AAP-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 21 ἐποίησε | advcl | high | Genitive-absolute participle. |
| 9 | μὴ | μή | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 προσαπολέσθαι | advmod | high | Negative particle governing the infinitive. |
| 10 | προσαπολέσθαι | προσαπόλλυμι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 1 διαφυγὼν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive of feared/avoided further loss; middle morphology. |
| 11 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 προσαπολέσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely affected person with the infinitive. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ὀφθαλμόν | cc | high | Coordinates τὸν λειπόμενον ὀφθαλμόν as an additional object. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 15 ὀφθαλμόν | det | high | |
| 14 | λειπόμενον | λείπω | VERB | V-PPP-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 15 ὀφθαλμόν | amod | high | Substantivized participle modifying ὀφθαλμόν. |
| 15 | ὀφθαλμόν | ὀφθαλμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 προσαπολέσθαι | obj | high | Object of προσαπολέσθαι. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 21 ἐποίησε | punct | high | |
| 17 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 21 ἐποίησε | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘thus/in consequence’. |
| 18 | ναὸν | ναός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 21 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Object of ἐποίησε. |
| 19 | Ὀφθαλμίτιδος | Ὀφθαλμίτις | PROPN | A-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 20 Ἀθηνᾶς | amod | high | Divine epithet agreeing with Ἀθηνᾶς. |
| 20 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 18 ναὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναόν. |
| 21 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 21 ἐποίησε | punct | high |