Grammar parses for passage 3.18.7
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἐν Ἀμύκλαις θέας ἄξια ἀνὴρ γὰρ πένταθλός ἐστιν ἐπὶ στήλης ὄνομα Αἴνητος·
The text is run-on: τὰ ... ἄξια is a neuter plural nominal phrase, followed by the explanatory clause ἀνὴρ γὰρ πένταθλός ἐστιν; ὄνομα Αἴνητος is treated as a name formula.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | article-neut-nomacc-pl | Case=Nom,Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἄξια | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | part | _ | 6 ἄξια | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | prep | _ | 4 Ἀμύκλαις | case | high | |
| 4 | Ἀμύκλαις | Ἀμύκλαι | PROPN | noun-dat-pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἄξια | obl | high | Locative-dative place name. |
| 5 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | noun-gen-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἄξια | obl | medium | Genitive of value/assessment with ἄξια. |
| 6 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | adj-neut-nomacc-pl | Case=Nom,Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural subject understood as things worthy of viewing; copular predicate with ἐστιν. |
| 7 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | noun-nom-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν in the following clause. |
| 8 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | part | _ | 10 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory connective. |
| 9 | πένταθλός | πένταθλος | ADJ | adj-nom-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Substantivized or attributive adjective, 'pentathlete'. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | v-pres-ind-act-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | prep | _ | 12 στήλης | case | high | |
| 12 | στήλης | στήλη | NOUN | noun-gen-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | obl | high | ἐπί with genitive: located on/upon a stele. |
| 13 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | noun-acc-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 Αἴνητος | appos | medium | Accusative of respect/name formula: 'in name'. |
| 14 | Αἴνητος | Αἴνητος | PROPN | proper-nom-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Personal name appositional to ἀνήρ. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τούτῳ νικήσαντι Ὀλυμπίασι καὶ ἔτι στεφανουμένῳ γενέσθαι τοῦ βίου τὴν τελευτὴν λέγουσι.
Accusative-and-infinitive construction: λέγουσι governs γενέσθαι, with τούτῳ νικήσαντι and ἔτι στεφανουμένῳ as a dative absolute-like circumstantial participial frame; τελευτήν is the accusative subject/predicate nominal of γενέσθαι, and τοῦ βίου is its genitive complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 νικήσαντι | nsubj | medium | Dative participant with the circumstantial participles; syntactically linked to both participles. |
| 2 | νικήσαντι | νικάω | VERB | VAAPDMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 στεφανουμένῳ | advcl | medium | Aorist dative participle, coordinated circumstantially with στεφανουμένῳ. |
| 3 | Ὀλυμπίασι | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | NEPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 νικήσαντι | obl | high | Locative dative plural, 'at Olympia'. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 στεφανουμένῳ | cc | high | |
| 5 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 στεφανουμένῳ | advmod | high | |
| 6 | στεφανουμένῳ | στεφανόω | VERB | VPMPDMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 γενέσθαι | advcl | medium | Present passive dative participle; νικήσαντι is coordinated with it. |
| 7 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | VAMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 12 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive governed by λέγουσι. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 βίου | det | high | |
| 9 | βίου | βίος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 τελευτὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τελευτήν: 'end of life'. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 τελευτὴν | det | high | |
| 11 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive; semantically 'the end [of life] came to be'. |
| 12 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 λέγουσι | punct | high |
τούτου τε οὖν ἐστιν εἰκὼν καὶ τρίποδες χαλκοῖ·
The copular clause has an understood nominative subject: εἰκών καὶ τρίποδες χαλκοῖ, with τούτου as a genitive dependent on εἰκών (and plausibly also understood with τρίποδες); τε ... καί coordinates the two predicates/nominal subjects. The exact scope of the genitive is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Genitive demonstrative dependent on εἰκών; its semantic scope may extend to τρίποδες. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 καὶ | cc | medium | Postpositive enclitic coordinating with καί. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Inferential discourse adverb. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copula; singular agreement follows εἰκών, with coordinated nominal material. |
| 5 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Nominative subject/predicate nominal of the copular clause. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates εἰκών and τρίποδες. |
| 7 | τρίποδες | τρίπους | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 εἰκὼν | conj | medium | Coordinated nominative nominal; plural form creates an agreement mismatch with singular ἐστιν, likely due to coordination or textual/syntactic variation. |
| 8 | χαλκοῖ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 τρίποδες | amod | high | Agrees with τρίποδες. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοὺς δὲ ἀρχαιοτέρους δεκάτην τοῦ πρὸς Μεσσηνίους πολέμου φασὶν εἶναι.
Accusative-and-infinitive construction with φασίν εἶναι; ἀρχαιοτέρους is substantivized and its precise coordination/ellipsis with δεκάτην is syntactically somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | article-acc-m-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀρχαιοτέρους | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 9 φασὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀρχαιοτέρους | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | a-ac-mp | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 δεκάτην | amod | medium | Substantivized comparative adjective, coordinated semantically with δεκάτην as the reported objects. |
| 4 | δεκάτην | δέκατος | ADJ | a-ac-fs | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 φασὶν | xcomp | medium | Substantivized ordinal, accusative predicate/object of εἶναι in the reported clause. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article-gen-ms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | prep | _ | 7 Μεσσηνίους | case | high | |
| 7 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | n-ac-mp | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 πολέμου | nmod | high | Object of πρός within the war specification. |
| 8 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | n-gen-ms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 δεκάτην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δεκάτην: the tenth of the war against the Messenians. |
| 9 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | v-pres-act-ind-3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v-pres-act-inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασίν. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φασὶν | punct | high |