Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 3.19.10

← 3.19.83.19.11 →

Passage 3.19.10

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
74Greek tokens
2,495input tokens
5,748output tokens
Sentence 1

3.19.10 sentence 1

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εἶναι γὰρ καὶ Πολυξὼ τὸ γένος Ἀργείαν, Τληπολέμῳ δὲ ἔτι πρότερον συνοικοῦσαν φυγῆς μετασχεῖν τῆς ἐς Ῥόδον καὶ τῆς νήσου τηνικαῦτα ἄρχειν ὑπολειπομένην ἐπὶ ὀρφανῷ παιδί.

Infinitival reported construction: Πολυξώ is the accusative subject of εἶναι, with τὸ γένος Ἀργείαν as an accusative predicative phrase. The coordinated infinitives μετασχεῖν and ἄρχειν depend on the implied subject Πολυξώ; συνοικοῦσαν and ὑπολειπομένην are accusative singular feminine participles agreeing with her. The final ἐπὶ ὀρφανῷ παιδί expresses the circumstance under which she was left ruling.

ccomp punct cc conj punct xcomp cc obl nmod nsubj obl advcl det cc obl case discourse det obl advmod advmod obl case det advmod advcl amod root 1 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 2 γὰρ γάρ / PART 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 Πολυξὼ Πολυξώ / PROPN 5 τὸ ὁ / DET 6 γένος γένος / NOUN 7 Ἀργείαν Ἀργεῖος / ADJ 8 , , / PUNCT 9 Τληπολέμῳ Τληπόλεμος / PROPN 10 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 11 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 12 πρότερον πρότερον / ADV 13 συνοικοῦσαν συνοικέω / VERB 14 φυγῆς φυγή / NOUN 15 μετασχεῖν μετέχω / VERB 16 τῆς ὁ / DET 17 ἐς εἰς / ADP 18 Ῥόδον Ῥόδος / PROPN 19 καὶ καί / CCONJ 20 τῆς ὁ / DET 21 νήσου νῆσος / NOUN 22 τηνικαῦτα τηνικαῦτα / ADV 23 ἄρχειν ἄρχω / VERB 24 ὑπολειπομένην ὑπολείπω / VERB 25 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 26 ὀρφανῷ ὀρφανός / ADJ 27 παιδί παῖς / NOUN 28 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1εἶναιεἰμίAUXV--PAN----Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act15 μετασχεῖνccomphighInfinitive in reported construction; coordinated semantically with μετασχεῖν and ἄρχειν.
2γὰργάρPARTG---------_1 εἶναιdiscoursehigh
3καὶκαίCCONJC---------_15 μετασχεῖνcchighCoordinates εἶναι with μετασχεῖν.
4ΠολυξὼΠολυξώPROPNNb----Ac----Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 εἶναιnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι.
5τὸDETS----Na----Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 γένοςdethigh
6γένοςγένοςNOUNS---Na----Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἈργείανoblmediumAccusative of respect: ‘in descent/by origin’; linked to the predicative ethnic adjective.
7ἈργείανἈργεῖοςADJA--Sfa----Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 εἶναιxcomphighPredicative accusative adjective with εἶναι, modified by τὸ γένος.
8,,PUNCT__1 εἶναιpuncthigh
9ΤληπολέμῳΤληπόλεμοςPROPNNb----Cd----Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 συνοικοῦσανoblmediumDative with συνοικοῦσαν, ‘living with Tlepolemus’.
10δὲδέCCONJC---------_15 μετασχεῖνcchighPostpositive coordinator introducing the subsequent participial/infinitival material.
11ἔτιἔτιADVD---------_12 πρότερονadvmodhigh
12πρότερονπρότερονADVD---------Degree=Cmp13 συνοικοῦσανadvmodhighComparative temporal adverb, ‘earlier/before’.
13συνοικοῦσανσυνοικέωVERBV--PsaFac---Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act15 μετασχεῖνadvclhighAccusative participle agreeing with the implied accusative subject Πολυξώ.
14φυγῆςφυγήNOUNS---Fg----Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing15 μετασχεῖνoblhighGenitive governed by μετασχεῖν: ‘share in exile/flight’.
15μετασχεῖνμετέχωVERBV--AAN----Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain infinitive of the reported construction.
16τῆςDETS---Fg----Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 Ῥόδονdethigh
17ἐςεἰςADPR---------_18 Ῥόδονcasehigh
18ῬόδονῬόδοςPROPNNb----Fa----Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 φυγῆςnmodhighDestination phrase τῆς ἐς Ῥόδον, dependent on φυγῆς.
19καὶκαίCCONJC---------_21 νήσουcchighCoordinates τῆς νήσου with τῆς ἐς Ῥόδον.
20τῆςDETS---Fg----Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 νήσουdethigh
21νήσουνῆσοςNOUNS---Fg----Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing23 ἄρχεινoblhighGenitive object/realm with ἄρχειν: ‘rule the island’.
22τηνικαῦτατηνικαῦταADVD---------_23 ἄρχεινadvmodhighTemporal adverb, ‘then/at that time’.
23ἄρχεινἄρχωVERBV--PAN----Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act15 μετασχεῖνconjhighSecond infinitive coordinated with μετασχεῖν.
24ὑπολειπομένηνὑπολείπωVERBV--PPaFac---Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass23 ἄρχεινadvclhighAccusative feminine participle agreeing with Πολυξώ; passive ‘being left behind’.
25ἐπὶἐπίADPR---------_27 παιδίcasehighWith dative, expressing the circumstance/condition accompanying the ruling.
26ὀρφανῷὀρφανόςADJA--Snd----Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing27 παιδίamodhighAdjective modifying παιδί.
27παιδίπαῖςNOUNS---Nd----Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing24 ὑπολειπομένηνoblhighObject of ἐπί in the dative phrase ‘with an orphaned child’.
28..PUNCT__15 μετασχεῖνpuncthigh
Sentence 2

3.19.10 sentence 2

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ταύτην τὴν Πολυξώ φασιν ἐπιθυμοῦσαν Ἑλένην τιμωρήσασθαι τελευτῆς τῆς Τληπολέμου τότε, ὡς ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν ὑποχείριον, ἐπιπέμψαι οἱ λουμένῃ θεραπαίνας Ἐρινύσιν ἴσα ἐσκευασμένας· καὶ αὗται διαλαβοῦσαι δὴ τὴν Ἑλένην αἱ γυναῖκες ἀπάγχουσιν ἐπὶ δένδρου,

The accusative-plus-infinitive depends on φασιν: Πολυξώ is the subject of ἐπιπέμψαι, with Ἑλένην as the subject of τιμωρήσασθαι; λουμένῃ is a dative participle agreeing with οἱ, and the final clause has αἱ γυναῖκες as subject of ἀπάγχουσιν.

ccomp xcomp cc advmod punct punct nsubj advcl discourse advcl punct obj acl obj punct det nmod xcomp obl obl det obj advcl nsubj obl det mark obj iobj acl advmod det det nsubj case root root 1 ταύτην οὗτος / DET 2 τὴν ὁ / DET 3 Πολυξώ Πολυξώ / PROPN 4 φασιν φημί / VERB 5 ἐπιθυμοῦσαν ἐπιθυμέω / VERB 6 Ἑλένην Ἑλένη / PROPN 7 τιμωρήσασθαι τιμωρέω / VERB 8 τελευτῆς τελευτή / NOUN 9 τῆς ὁ / DET 10 Τληπολέμου Τληπόλεμος / PROPN 11 τότε τότε / ADV 12 , , / PUNCT 13 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 14 ἔλαβεν λαμβάνω / VERB 15 αὐτὴν αὐτός / PRON 16 ὑποχείριον ὑποχείριος / ADJ 17 , , / PUNCT 18 ἐπιπέμψαι ἐπιπέμπω / VERB 19 οἱ οἱ / PRON 20 λουμένῃ λούω / VERB 21 θεραπαίνας θεράπαινα / NOUN 22 Ἐρινύσιν Ἐρινύς / PROPN 23 ἴσα ἴσος / ADJ 24 ἐσκευασμένας σκευάζω / VERB 25 · · / PUNCT 26 καὶ καί / CCONJ 27 αὗται οὗτος / PRON 28 διαλαβοῦσαι διαλαμβάνω / VERB 29 δὴ δή / PART 30 τὴν ὁ / DET 31 Ἑλένην Ἑλένη / PROPN 32 αἱ ὁ / DET 33 γυναῖκες γυνή / NOUN 34 ἀπάγχουσιν ἀπάγχω / VERB 35 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 36 δένδρου δένδρον / NOUN 37 , , / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ταύτηνοὗτοςDETPD----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem3 Πολυξώdethigh
2τὴνDETDA----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 Πολυξώdethigh
3ΠολυξώΠολυξώPROPNN----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 φασινobjhighAccusative subject of the reported infinitive.
4φασινφημίVERBV-PIA-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
5ἐπιθυμοῦσανἐπιθυμέωVERBV-PAP-AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act6 ἙλένηνadvclhighAccusative participle agreeing with Ἑλένην; purpose/desire construction.
6ἙλένηνἙλένηPROPNN----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 τιμωρήσασθαιnsubjhighSubject of τιμωρήσασθαι.
7τιμωρήσασθαιτιμωρέωVERBV-ANM---Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid18 ἐπιπέμψαιxcomphighComplement infinitive; subject Ἑλένην.
8τελευτῆςτελευτήNOUNN----GFS-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 τιμωρήσασθαιoblmediumGenitive of cause/reference: in requital for the death.
9τῆςDETDA----GFS-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 Τληπολέμουdethigh
10ΤληπολέμουΤληπόλεμοςPROPNN----GMS-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing8 τελευτῆςnmodhigh
11τότετότεADVD--------PronType=Dem18 ἐπιπέμψαιadvmodhigh
12,,PUNCT__18 ἐπιπέμψαιpuncthigh
13ὡςὡςSCONJC--------_14 ἔλαβενmarkhighTemporal conjunction.
14ἔλαβενλαμβάνωVERBV-IAA-3S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act18 ἐπιπέμψαιadvclhigh
15αὐτὴναὐτόςPRONP-AFA---Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs14 ἔλαβενobjhighRefers to Ἑλένην.
16ὑποχείριονὑποχείριοςADJA----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 ἔλαβενxcomphighPredicative complement of αὐτήν.
17,,PUNCT__14 ἔλαβενpuncthigh
18ἐπιπέμψαιἐπιπέμπωVERBV-ANM---Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act4 φασινccomphighReported infinitive governed by φασιν; Πολυξώ is its accusative subject.
19οἱοἱPRONP----DSM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs18 ἐπιπέμψαιiobjmediumForm is ambiguous; read as dative to her/him, likely referring to Helena in context.
20λουμένῃλούωVERBV-PMP-DF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid19 οἱaclhighDative participle, agreeing with feminine referent of οἱ.
21θεραπαίναςθεράπαιναNOUNN----APF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur18 ἐπιπέμψαιobjhigh
22ἘρινύσινἘρινύςPROPNN----DPF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur24 ἐσκευασμέναςoblhighDative of resemblance/comparison with ἴσα.
23ἴσαἴσοςADJA----APN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur24 ἐσκευασμέναςadvmodhighAdverbial accusative, 'like/equal to'.
24ἐσκευασμέναςσκευάζωVERBV-RPP-APF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass21 θεραπαίναςaclhighAgrees with θεραπαίνας.
25··PUNCT__18 ἐπιπέμψαιpuncthigh
26καὶκαίCCONJC--------_34 ἀπάγχουσινcchigh
27αὗταιοὗτοςPRONP---NF--Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem33 γυναῖκεςnsubjhighDemonstrative subject, resumed/identified by αἱ γυναῖκες.
28διαλαβοῦσαιδιαλαμβάνωVERBV-2AAP-NFP-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act34 ἀπάγχουσινadvclhigh
29δὴδήPARTX--------_34 ἀπάγχουσινdiscoursehigh
30τὴνDETDA----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art31 Ἑλένηνdethigh
31ἙλένηνἙλένηPROPNN----AFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing34 ἀπάγχουσινobjhigh
32αἱDETDA----NFP-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art33 γυναῖκεςdethigh
33γυναῖκεςγυνήNOUNN----NFP-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur34 ἀπάγχουσινnsubjhighExplicit subject of ἀπάγχουσιν; αὗται is a demonstrative resumptive subject.
34ἀπάγχουσινἀπάγχωVERBV-PIA-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCoordinate main verb after the punctuation break.
35ἐπὶἐπίADPR--------_36 δένδρουcasehigh
36δένδρουδένδρονNOUNN----GNS-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing34 ἀπάγχουσινoblhighGenitive governed by ἐπί here, location on a tree.
37,,PUNCT__34 ἀπάγχουσινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

3.19.10 sentence 3

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καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ Ῥοδίοις Ἑλένης ἱερόν ἐστι Δενδρίτιδος.

The copular clause means that for the Rhodians there is a sanctuary of Helen Dendritis; ἐπὶ τούτῳ is an idiomatic connective/prepositional phrase, interpreted here as ‘thereupon/in consequence’.

cc obl iobj appos punct case nmod nsubj root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 3 τούτῳ οὗτος / PRON 4 Ῥοδίοις Ῥόδιος / PROPN 5 Ἑλένης Ἑλένη / PROPN 6 ἱερόν ἱερόν / NOUN 7 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 8 Δενδρίτιδος Δενδρῖτις / PROPN 9 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJConj_7 ἐστιcchigh
2ἐπὶἐπίADPP_3 τούτῳcasehighWith the dative τούτῳ; idiomatic phrase.
3τούτῳοὗτοςPRONPd------DCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem7 ἐστιoblmediumDative demonstrative governed by ἐπί; phrase is idiomatic and connective.
4ῬοδίοιςῬόδιοςPROPNNe-----DCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Geo|Number=Plur7 ἐστιiobjhighDative of the person/group for whom the sanctuary exists.
5ἙλένηςἙλένηPROPNNb-----GCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing6 ἱερόνnmodhigh
6ἱερόνἱερόνNOUNNb-s---na-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστιnsubjhighPredicate nominal subject with εἰμί.
7ἐστιεἰμίAUXV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
8ΔενδρίτιδοςΔενδρῖτιςPROPNNb-----GCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=Rel|Number=Sing5 ἙλένηςapposmediumDivine epithet in apposition to Ἑλένης.
9..PUNCT__7 ἐστιpuncthigh
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