Grammar parses for passage 3.19.2
Open translation for this passage
μέγεθος δὲ αὐτοῦ μέτρῳ μὲν οὐδένα ἀνευρόντα οἶδα, εἰκάζοντι δὲ καὶ τριάκοντα εἶναι φαίνοιντο ἂν πήχεις.
The opening μέγεθος is the topic/object of οἶδα, with ἀνευρόντα forming a compressed participial construction; the second clause has a dative estimating participant and an infinitive dependent on φαίνοιντο ἂν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 οἶδα | obj | high | Accusative/nominal subject-like object of οἶδα in an impersonal reporting construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 μέγεθος | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | p-g---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μέγεθος | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, ‘of it/him’. |
| 4 | μέτρῳ | μέτρον | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνευρόντα | obl | high | Dative of instrument or standard with measuring. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 4 μέτρῳ | advmod | high | Correlative particle anticipating δέ. |
| 6 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνευρόντα | obj | high | Accusative subject of the participle’s implied infinitival/content construction; ‘no one’. |
| 7 | ἀνευρόντα | ἀνευρίσκω | VERB | v-sapama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 οἶδα | acl | medium | Aorist active participle, coordinated semantically with εἰκάζοντι; οὐδένα is its accusative subject/object-like complement. |
| 8 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | v1sria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning, ‘I know’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | punct | high | |
| 10 | εἰκάζοντι | εἰκάζω | VERB | v-sppamd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 φαίνοιντο | obl | medium | Dative participle, likely impersonal circumstantial construction: ‘to one making an estimate’; its understood subject is the estimator. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 10 εἰκάζοντι | cc | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 13 τριάκοντα | cc | high | Connects the numeral phrase with the infinitive predicate. |
| 13 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | m-------- | Case=Acc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 14 εἶναι | nummod | high | Accusative cardinal numeral, subject/predicate nominal of εἶναι. |
| 14 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 φαίνοιντο | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on φαίνοιντο. |
| 15 | φαίνοιντο | φαίνω | VERB | v3ppoa--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 8 οἶδα | conj | medium | Present middle optative, ‘would appear’; form may be analyzed as a middle/passive optative of φαίνω. |
| 16 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | -------- | _ | 15 φαίνοιντο | advmod | high | Modal particle with the optative. |
| 17 | πήχεις | πῆχυς | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 εἶναι | obl | high | Accusative measure phrase, ‘cubits’, with εἶναι. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | punct | high |
ἔργον δὲ οὐ Βαθυκλέους ἐστίν, ἀλλὰ ἀρχαῖον καὶ οὐ σὺν τέχνῃ πεποιημένον·
Predicate nominative ἔργον is linked to ἐστίν; Βαθυκλέους is a genitive of possession/attribution. The coordinated adjectives ἀρχαῖον and πεποιημένον describe the work; πεποιημένον is a perfect middle/passive participle, with σὺν τέχνῃ expressing manner or means.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστίν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἐστίν | cc | high | Postpositive adversative/continuative conjunction. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 5 ἐστίν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | Βαθυκλέους | Βαθυκλῆς | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive of attribution or possession. |
| 5 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστίν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἐστίν | cc | high | Adversative coordinator introducing the contrastive predicate. |
| 8 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστίν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective coordinated after ἀλλά; understood with ἔργον/ἐστίν. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 πεποιημένον | cc | high | |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 13 πεποιημένον | advmod | high | |
| 11 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 12 τέχνῃ | case | high | |
| 12 | τέχνῃ | τέχνη | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πεποιημένον | obl | high | Dative object of σύν; manner/means phrase. |
| 13 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | v-srpna--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐστίν | xcomp | high | Perfect middle/passive participle, coordinated with ἀρχαῖον and predicated of ἔργον. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστίν | punct | high |
ὅτι γὰρ μὴ πρόσωπον αὐτῷ καὶ πόδες εἰσὶν ἄκροι καὶ χεῖρες, τὸ λοιπὸν χαλκῷ κίονί ἐστιν εἰκασμένον.
ὅτι introduces an explanatory/content clause; πρόσωπον and πόδες are coordinated subjects of εἰσίν, with ἄκροι predicative. The second clause has τὸ λοιπὸν as subject and εἰκασμένον as predicate participle with εἰμί; χαλκῷ and κίονι are instrumental/dative complements, though κίονι may be read as a dative of comparison or material/image.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C | _ | 17 ἐστιν | mark | high | Causal/content conjunction; clause relation is context-sensitive. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | D--------- | _ | 17 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | μὴ | μή | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 8 εἰσὶν | advmod | high | Negates the copular clause. |
| 4 | πρόσωπον | πρόσωπον | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Neuter singular subject of εἰσίν. |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P------DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 εἰσὶν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/reference: ‘for it/him’. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 πόδες | cc | high | Coordinates πρόσωπον and πόδες. |
| 7 | πόδες | πούς | NOUN | N----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Coordinated nominative subject. |
| 8 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἐστιν | ccomp | high | Copula governing the first clause; elliptical coordination links πρόσωπον, πόδες, and χεῖρες. |
| 9 | ἄκροι | ἄκρος | ADJ | A--NNPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πόδες | amod | medium | Agrees with πόδες; may also be understood predicatively with the coordinated body-part subjects. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 χεῖρες | cc | high | Coordinates χεῖρες with the preceding subjects. |
| 11 | χεῖρες | χείρ | NOUN | N----NPF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Coordinated nominative subject. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 λοιπὸν | det | high | Article substantivizing λοιπὸν. |
| 14 | λοιπὸν | λοιπός | ADJ | A--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective: ‘the remainder’. |
| 15 | χαλκῷ | χαλκός | NOUN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 εἰκασμένον | obl | medium | Instrumental/material dative: ‘in/by bronze’. |
| 16 | κίονί | κίων | NOUN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 εἰκασμένον | obl | low | Dative relation to εἰκασμένον; exact semantic role is uncertain, possibly comparison or image/material complement. |
| 17 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copula; governs the participial predicate. |
| 18 | εἰκασμένον | εἰκάζω | VERB | V--RPPNSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 17 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle used predicatively with ἐστιν. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἔχει δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ κράνος, λόγχην δὲ ἐν ταῖς χερσὶ καὶ τόξον.
The verb ἔχει has three coordinated accusative objects; ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ and ἐν ταῖς χερσὶ are locative prepositional adjuncts specifying where the items are held or worn.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 κεφαλῇ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 κεφαλῇ | det | high | |
| 5 | κεφαλῇ | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κράνος | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί. |
| 6 | κράνος | κράνος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχει | obj | high | First object of ἔχει. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 8 | λόγχην | λόγχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχει | obj | high | Coordinated/second object of ἔχει. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 λόγχην | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 χερσὶ | case | high | |
| 11 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 χερσὶ | det | high | |
| 12 | χερσὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 λόγχην | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἐν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 τόξον | cc | high | |
| 14 | τόξον | τόξον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχει | obj | high | Third object of ἔχει, coordinated with λόγχην. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχει | punct | high |