Grammar parses for passage 3.19.7
Open translation for this passage
κατὰ δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν Ἀθηνᾶς ξόανόν ἐστιν Ἀλέας.
The sentence is existential: ξόανον is the subject, ἐστιν the root, and Ἀλέας is a genitive attributive name (‘of Alea’); κατὰ τὴν ὁδόν is an adverbial phrase, with Ἀθηνᾶς depending on ὁδόν as an attributive genitive (‘Athena’s road’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 ὁδὸν | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C----- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ὁδὸν | det | high | |
| 4 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Object of κατά in an adverbial location/path phrase. |
| 5 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | Ne-SF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=God|Number=Sing | 4 ὁδὸν | nmod | medium | Attributive genitive, ‘of Athena’; alternatively a genitive of association. |
| 6 | ξόανόν | ξόανον | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of the existential clause. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V---S ilman | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | Ἀλέας | Ἀλέα | PROPN | Ne-SF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=Place|Number=Sing | 6 ξόανόν | nmod | medium | Genitive place/name complement, ‘of Alea’; exact semantic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |
πρὶν δὲ ἢ διαβῆναι τὸν Εὐρώταν, ὀλίγον ὑπὲρ τῆς ὄχθης ἱερὸν δείκνυται Διὸς Πλουσίου.
The infinitival clause πρὶν ἢ διαβῆναι has an accusative subject τὸν Εὐρώταν; ἱερόν is the neuter subject of δείκνυται, with Διὸς Πλουσίου as a genitive name/title complement. The adverbial ὀλίγον modifies ὑπὲρ τῆς ὄχθης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 4 διαβῆναι | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 δείκνυται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 διαβῆναι | cc | medium | Correlative/alternative particle in the πρὶν ἢ construction. |
| 4 | διαβῆναι | διαβαίνω | VERB | VAAN | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 13 δείκνυται | advcl | high | Infinitival temporal clause. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Εὐρώταν | det | high | |
| 6 | Εὐρώταν | Εὐρώτας | PROPN | NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 διαβῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δείκνυται | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 ὑπὲρ | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative modifying the prepositional phrase; possibly ‘a little way’. |
| 9 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | _ | 11 ὄχθης | case | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὄχθης | det | high | |
| 11 | ὄχθης | ὄχθη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἱερὸν | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ὑπέρ; the whole phrase modifies δείκνυται. |
| 12 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 δείκνυται | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuary’; subject of δείκνυται. |
| 13 | δείκνυται | δείκνυμι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive in sense ‘is shown/seen’; middle morphology. |
| 14 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Πλουσίου | compound | medium | Genitive form of Ζεύς; paired with Πλουσίου as the divine name/title. |
| 15 | Πλουσίου | Πλούσιος | PROPN | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive proper-name/title complement of ἱερόν. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δείκνυται | punct | high |
διαβᾶσι δὲ Κοτυλέως ἐστὶν Ἀσκληπιοῦ ναός, ὃν ἐποίησεν Ἡρακλῆς·
The opening διαβᾶσι is an aorist active participle, dative plural, agreeing with an understood traveler/group and functioning with δέ as a loosely absolute temporal/circumstantial phrase; Κοτυλέως is a genitive place-name dependent on ναός/locative expression. The relative pronoun ὃν is the object of ἐποίησεν and refers to ναός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαβᾶσι | διαβαίνω | VERB | VAAP-DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 4 ἐστὶν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, dative plural; circumstantial/temporal participle with an understood subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Κοτυλέως | Κοτυλεύς | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 ναός | nmod | medium | Place-name in the genitive; exact syntactic attachment may be interpreted as locative/source-related. |
| 4 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-P第三-S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 5 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 ναός | nmod | high | Possessive/objective genitive: temple of Asclepius. |
| 6 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 4 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of existential/copular ἐστίν. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | R-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Rel | 9 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to ναός; direct object of ἐποίησεν. |
| 9 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 ναός | acl:relcl | high | Aorist active relative-clause predicate. |
| 10 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 9 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
καὶ Ἀσκληπιὸν Κοτυλέα ὠνόμασεν ἀκεσθεὶς τὸ τραῦμα τὸ ἐς τὴν κοτύλην οἱ γενόμενον ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ἱπποκόωντα καὶ τοὺς παῖδας προτέρᾳ μάχῃ.
The sentence has an understood subject (Heracles): he named Asclepius Kotyleus after being healed of the wound received in the earlier battle against Hippocoon and his sons. The repeated article τὸ introduces the relative participial phrase, with οἱ as dative experiencer/possessor-like pronoun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὠνόμασεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | Ἀσκληπιὸν | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὠνόμασεν | obj | high | Personal/divine name. |
| 3 | Κοτυλέα | Κοτυλεύς | PROPN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὠνόμασεν | xcomp | medium | Accusative name/title as predicate complement of ὠνόμασεν; epithet formation and lemma are somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | ὠνόμασεν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | VPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἀκεσθεὶς | ἀκέομαι | VERB | VPAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 ὠνόμασεν | advcl | medium | Aorist passive participle, likely circumstantial: 'after being healed'; form may reflect ἀκέομαι/ἀκέω. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 τραῦμα | det | high | |
| 7 | τραῦμα | τραῦμα | NOUN | N--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἀκεσθεὶς | obj | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 γενόμενον | det | high | Article introducing the attributive/relative participial phrase modifying τραῦμα. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 κοτύλην | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 κοτύλην | det | high | |
| 11 | κοτύλην | κοτύλη | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γενόμενον | obl | high | |
| 12 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 γενόμενον | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely 'to him'; homographic with nominative plural article. |
| 13 | γενόμενον | γίγνομαι | VERB | VPAP-SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 τραῦμα | acl | high | Aorist participle agreeing with τραῦμα; γίγνομαι is deponent in ordinary usage, though morphology is conventionally tagged active. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 μάχῃ | case | high | |
| 15 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 16 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 Ἱπποκόωντα | case | high | |
| 17 | Ἱπποκόωντα | Ἱπποκόων | PROPN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 μάχῃ | obl | high | Object of πρὸς in the sense 'against'. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 παῖδας | cc | high | |
| 19 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 20 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἱπποκόωντα | conj | high | Coordinated object of πρὸς. |
| 21 | προτέρᾳ | πρότερος | ADJ | A--DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 μάχῃ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying μάχῃ. |
| 22 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γενόμενον | obl | high | Dative with ἐν; temporal/event setting of the wound. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ὠνόμασεν | punct | high |
ὁπόσα δὲ πεποίηται κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην, ἐστὶν ἀρχαιότατον αὐτῶν Ἄρεως ἱερόν.
ὁπόσα introduces a neuter plural relative clause functioning substantivally as the subject of ἐστίν; πεποίηται is perfect middle/passive, with κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην expressing location or route. The predicate nominative ἀρχαιότατον agrees in neuter singular with the understood singular ἱερόν, while αὐτῶν is a partitive genitive and Ἄρεως modifies ἱερόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Substantival neuter plural relative pronoun, subject of ἐστίν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 1 ὁπόσα | acl:relcl | medium | Perfect middle/passive, impersonal or middle usage; agrees syntactically with the relative clause subject in an impersonal construction. |
| 4 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ὁδὸν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ὁδὸν | det | high | Article. |
| 6 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 πεποίηται | obl | high | Accusative object of κατά. |
| 7 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | A-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ὁδὸν | det | high | Demonstrative determiner agreeing with ὁδόν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 10 | ἀρχαιότατον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-SNS | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Superlative predicate adjective; neuter singular, agreeing with the understood ἱερόν. |
| 11 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 10 ἀρχαιότατον | obl | medium | Partitive genitive, ‘of them/of these’; gender is not recoverable semantically from form alone. |
| 12 | Ἄρεως | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Genitive proper name modifying ἱερόν. |
| 13 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀρχαιότατον | nsubj | medium | Neuter singular subject/pivot of the copular predicate, with ἀρχαιότατον predicated of it; the clause has an inverted/copular presentation. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
τοῦτό ἐστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ, καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα καὶ τοὺς Διοσκούρους φασὶ κομίσαι ἐκ Κόλχων·
Τοῦτό ἐστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ is an existential/location clause; φασὶ takes an accusative-and-infinitive construction, with τοὺς Διοσκούρους as the understood accusative subject of κομίσαι and τὸ ἄγαλμα as its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτό | οὗτος | PRON | RD----N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA00 | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentative use. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 4 ἀριστερᾷ | case | high | |
| 4 | ἀριστερᾷ | ἀριστερός | NOUN | A----FDS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐστιν | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, 'on the left'. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----FGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ὁδοῦ | det | high | |
| 6 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N----FGS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀριστερᾷ | nmod | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 φασὶ | cc | high | Coordinates the following report clause with the preceding clause. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----NAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 10 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 κομίσαι | obj | high | Accusative object of κομίσαι. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 Διοσκούρους | cc | high | Coordinates ἄγαλμα and Διοσκούρους. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L----MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 Διοσκούρους | det | high | |
| 13 | Διοσκούρους | Διόσκουρος | PROPN | N----MAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 κομίσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive κομίσαι. |
| 14 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V3PPIA00 | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | conj | medium | Coordinates with the preceding clause's ἐστιν; alternatively analyzed as a new root in a paratactic clause. |
| 15 | κομίσαι | κομίζω | VERB | V--ANA--- | Mood=Ind|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 φασὶ | ccomp | high | Aorist active infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 17 Κόλχων | case | high | |
| 17 | Κόλχων | Κόλχος | PROPN | N----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 κομίσαι | obl | high | Place-of-origin complement of κομίσαι. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 φασὶ | punct | high |