Grammar parses for passage 3.2.1
Open translation for this passage
Εὐρυσθένει πρεσβυτέρῳ τῶν Ἀριστοδήμου παίδων ὄντι ἡλικίαν γενέσθαι λέγουσιν υἱὸν Ἆγιν·
Infinitival indirect statement with participial predicate: λέγουσιν governs γενέσθαι, while ὄντι and πρεσβυτέρῳ form a dative absolute-like predication tied to Εὐρυσθένει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐρυσθένει | Εὐρυσθένης | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὄντι | obl | high | Dative singular proper name. |
| 2 | πρεσβυτέρῳ | πρεσβύτερος | ADJ | A-DSM-C | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὄντι | amod | high | Comparative adjective agreeing with Εὐρυσθένει. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 παίδων | det | high | Article. |
| 4 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive singular proper name. |
| 5 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 πρεσβυτέρῳ | nmod | high | Genitive plural governed by πρεσβυτέρῳ. |
| 6 | ὄντι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Εὐρυσθένει | acl | high | Participial predication with dative subject-like agreement. |
| 7 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of γενέσθαι. |
| 8 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AON | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of λέγουσιν. |
| 9 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | υἱὸν | υἱός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Likely accusative predicate/object in indirect statement; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 11 | Ἆγιν | Ἆγις | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 υἱὸν | flat | high | Proper name in apposition to υἱόν. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀπὸ τούτου δὲ τὸ γένος τὸ Εὐρυσθένους καλοῦσιν Ἀγιάδας.
The syntax is straightforward, with καλοῦσιν as root; τὸ γένος and Ἀγιάδας are coordinated objects/complements, and ἀπὸ τούτου forms a fronted prepositional phrase modifying the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 2 τούτου | case | high | Governed by τούτου. |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-Gen-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 καλοῦσιν | obl | high | Ablatival/genitive complement with ἀπό. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 8 καλοῦσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 γένος | det | high | Article modifying γένος. |
| 5 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Εὐρυσθένους | det | high | Article modifying Εὐρυσθένους. |
| 7 | Εὐρυσθένους | Εὐρυσθενής | PROPN | N-Gen-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 γένος | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of γένος; article is unusual but textually present. |
| 8 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | Ἀγιάδας | Ἀγιάδας | PROPN | N-Acc-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Second object/predicate complement in naming construction. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐπὶ τούτου Πατρεῖ τῷ Πρευγένους κτίζοντι ἐν Ἀχαΐᾳ πόλιν, ἥντινα Πάτρας καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς καλοῦσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ Πατρέως τούτου, συνεπελάβοντο Λακεδαιμόνιοι τοῦ οἰκισμοῦ.
The syntax is centered on the participial phrase in dative absolute-like framing, with a relative clause explaining the name of the city and the main clause concluding in συνεπελάβοντο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | obl | high | Introduces dative phrase with 2. |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | S- ---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 ἐπὶ | obj | medium | Likely genitive with ἐπί; construction is context-dependent. |
| 3 | Πατρεῖ | Πατρεύς | PROPN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | obl | high | Dative of reference/apposition in the local frame. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---dm- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Πρευγένους | det | high | Article modifying 5. |
| 5 | Πρευγένους | Πρευγένης | PROPN | N-S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κτίζοντι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of participle. |
| 6 | κτίζοντι | κτίζω | VERB | V-PAI-SDM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Πατρεῖ | amod | high | Attributive participle agreeing with Πατρεῖ. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 9 πόλιν | case | high | Preposition with 8. |
| 8 | Ἀχαΐᾳ | Ἀχαΐα | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐν | obl | high | Object of preposition ἐν. |
| 9 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κτίζοντι | obj | high | Object of κτίζοντι. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 πόλιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ἥντινα | ὅστις | PRON | P-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 16 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to πόλιν. |
| 12 | Πάτρας | Πάτρα | PROPN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 καλοῦσιν | obj | medium | Predicate name after καλοῦσιν; case/number reflect the form. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐς | cc | high | Connects coordinated adverbial phrase. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 16 καλοῦσιν | case | high | Preposition with 15. |
| 15 | ἡμᾶς | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1P---A- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 14 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 16 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | conj | high | Finite verb in relative clause coordinated to main predication. |
| 17 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | obl | high | Introduces source/explanation phrase. |
| 18 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---gn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Πατρέως | det | high | Article modifying 19. |
| 19 | Πατρέως | Πατρέως | PROPN | N-S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀπὸ | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 20 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | S- ---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 Πατρέως | det | medium | Demonstrative modifying Πατρέως. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | συνεπελάβοντο | συλλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 23 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of main verb. |
| 24 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---gn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 οἰκισμοῦ | det | high | Article modifying 25. |
| 25 | οἰκισμοῦ | οἰκισμός | NOUN | N-S---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | obj | high | Genitive complement/object of the compound verb. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 συνεπελάβοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ ὁ μὲν τὴν τῆς Ἰωνίας μεταξὺ καὶ Μυσῶν, καλουμένην δὲ Αἰολίδα ἐφʼ ἡμῶν, καθέξειν ἔμελλεν·
The syntax is compressed: ὁ μὲν functions as the subject of ἔμελλεν, with the accusative phrase and participle modifying an implied noun/territory, and καθέξειν as infinitival complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἔμελλεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking to prior context. |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἔμελλεν | nsubj | medium | Article likely substantivized, introducing the understood subject. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 ὁ | discourse | high | Mἐν-correlative particle. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Αἰολίδα | det | high | Article agreeing with implied noun or participle phrase. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἰωνίας | det | high | Article modifying Ἰωνίας. |
| 6 | Ἰωνίας | Ἰωνία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Αἰολίδα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent in phrase. |
| 7 | μεταξὺ | μεταξύ | ADP | _ | _ | 6 Ἰωνίας | case | medium | Used postpositively/adverbially in fixed genitive expression. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 Μυσῶν | cc | high | Second coordinator in correlative phrase. |
| 9 | Μυσῶν | Μῦσος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Ἰωνίας | nmod | high | Genitive coordinated with Ἰωνίας in the μεταξὺ phrase. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Αἰολίδα | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 11 | καλουμένην | καλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 Αἰολίδα | acl | high | Participial modifier of the accusative phrase. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 καλουμένην | discourse | high | Mild connective particle. |
| 13 | Αἰολίδα | Αἰολίς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 καθέξειν | obj | medium | Likely predicative/adjectival complement meaning 'Aeolis'. |
| 14 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 15 ἡμῶν | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 15 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 17 καθέξειν | obl | high | Prepositional object. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 καθέξειν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 17 | καθέξειν | κατέχω | VERB | _ | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἔμελλεν. |
| 18 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔμελλεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |