Grammar parses for passage 3.20.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐν Θεράπνῃ δὲ κρήνην τὴν Μεσσηίδα ἰδὼν οἶδα.
Main clause is οἶδα with circumstantial participle ἰδών; ἐν Θεράπνῃ forms a locative prepositional phrase attached to the participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 2 Θεράπνῃ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 2 | Θεράπνῃ | Θεράπνη | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἰδὼν | obl | high | Dative place complement with ἐν. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 8 οἶδα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | κρήνην | κρήνη | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἰδὼν | obj | high | Direct object of ἰδών. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Μεσσηίδα | det | high | Article modifying Μεσσηίδα. |
| 6 | Μεσσηίδα | Μεσσηίς | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 κρήνην | amod | high | Adjectival modifier in agreement with κρήνην. |
| 7 | ἰδὼν | ὁράω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 οἶδα | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying οἶδα. |
| 8 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-1SRIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ἑτέροις ἐστὶν εἰρημένον τὴν Πολυδεύκειαν ὀνομαζομένην ἐφʼ ἡμῶν, οὐ τὴν ἐν Θεράπνῃ Μεσσηίδα καλεῖσθαι τὸ ἀρχαῖον·
The sentence is a reported contrast: 'it has been said for others that ... not ... originally'; the infinitival construction and the participial modifiers are the main syntactic difficulty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-PMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Genitive substantive used as subject with impersonal ἐστίν; interpretation somewhat uncertain. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G---- | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἑτέροις | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστὶν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest with εἰρημένον ἐστίν. |
| 4 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/auxiliary predicate center of the clause. |
| 5 | εἰρημένον | λέγω | VERB | V-RPM-NSN | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 4 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Perfect participle with εἰμί. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὀνομαζομένην | det | high | Article modifying Πολυδεύκειαν. |
| 7 | Πολυδεύκειαν | Πολυδείκεια | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὀνομαζομένην | obj | medium | Proper name/adjectival place-name. |
| 8 | ὀνομαζομένην | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-RPP-ASF | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 εἰρημένον | xcomp | high | Participial complement agreeing with Πολυδεύκειαν. |
| 9 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | r---- | _ | 10 ἡμῶν | case | high | Elided preposition. |
| 10 | ἡμῶν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-P---1P- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 8 ὀνομαζομένην | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί meaning 'among us'/'in our time'. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | g---- | _ | 17 καλεῖσθαι | advmod | high | Negation of infinitive clause. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 καλεῖσθαι | det | high | Article with infinitive phrase object. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r---- | _ | 17 καλεῖσθαι | case | high | Preposition governing Θεράπνῃ. |
| 15 | Θεράπνῃ | Θεράπνη | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 καλεῖσθαι | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 16 | Μεσσηίδα | Μεσσηίς | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 καλεῖσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative adjective functioning predicatively/attributively with the infinitive; exact syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 17 | καλεῖσθαι | καλέω | VERB | V-PPN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 5 εἰρημένον | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement coordinated with the preceding content. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Article with ἀρχαῖον. |
| 19 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 καλεῖσθαι | advmod | medium | Substantivized accusative of respect/time phrase meaning 'originally'. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἡ δὲ Πολυδεύκειά ἐστιν αὐτή τε ἡ κρήνη καὶ Πολυδεύκους ἱερὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς ἐς Θεράπνην ὁδοῦ.
Copular sentence with coordinated predicative nominals; the genitive phrase ἐς Θεράπνην ὁδοῦ is syntactically difficult and likely specifies the road/location, while ἱερὸν Πολυδεύκους is appositional or another predicative nominal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | ATR SF NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 κρήνη | det | high | Article with κρήνη. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Πολυδεύκειά | Πολυδεύκεια | PROPN | N--FSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Likely predicate/topic name referring to the place; surface form is nominative with enclitic-like accentuation. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 5 | αὐτή | αὐτός | PRON | S--FSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 κρήνη | nsubj | high | Correlative with τε and ἡ κρήνη. |
| 6 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 5 αὐτή | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | ATR SF NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 κρήνη | det | high | Article with κρήνη. |
| 8 | κρήνη | κρήνη | NOUN | N--FSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Part of the coordinated subject/predicate nominal. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 κρήνη | cc | high | Coordinator within the nominal coordination. |
| 10 | Πολυδεύκους | Πολυδεύκης | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱερὸν. |
| 11 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | May be appositional/predicate nominal coordinated with κρήνη; attached as subject complement to copula. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 13 δεξιᾷ | case | high | Preposition governing δεξιᾷ. |
| 13 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A--FSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | obl | high | Adverbial locative phrase with ἐν. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | ATR SF GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ὁδοῦ | det | high | Article with ὁδοῦ. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 17 ὁδοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing Θεράπνην ὁδοῦ. |
| 16 | Θεράπνην | Θεράπνη | PROPN | N--FSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὁδοῦ | nmod | high | Dependent genitival/attributive relation inside the prepositional phrase, modifying ὁδοῦ. |
| 17 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δεξιᾷ | nmod | high | Genitive complement within ἐς Θεράπνην ὁδοῦ. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |