Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 3.20.5

← 3.20.43.20.6 →

Passage 3.20.5

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
52Greek tokens
2,787input tokens
4,264output tokens
Sentence 1

3.20.5 sentence 1

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Ταλετοῦ δὲ τὸ μεταξὺ καὶ Εὐόρα Θήρας ὀνομάζοντες Λητώ φασιν ἀπὸ τῶν ἄκρων τοῦ Ταϋγέτου Δήμητρος ἐπίκλησιν Ἐλευσινίας ἐστὶν ἱερόν·

The sentence has an elliptical/complex construction: τὸ μεταξὺ καὶ Εὐόρα Θήρας ὀνομάζοντες is a nominative participial subject with φασιν, while the quoted assertion has ἱερόν as predicate nominative and ἐστίν as copula; Δήμητρος ἐπίκλησιν Ἐλευσινίας is an appositional/genitival expression, with the exact attachment of ἀπὸ τῶν ἄκρων τοῦ Ταϋγέτου somewhat uncertain.

csubj cc obj nmod nmod cc obj advcl case nmod obj punct det nmod nsubj det det nmod nmod xcomp root 1 Ταλετοῦ Ταλετός / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τὸ ὁ / DET 4 μεταξὺ μεταξύ / ADV 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 Εὐόρα Εὐόρα / PROPN 7 Θήρας Θήρα / PROPN 8 ὀνομάζοντες ὀνομάζω / VERB 9 Λητώ Λητώ / PROPN 10 φασιν φημί / VERB 11 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 12 τῶν ὁ / DET 13 ἄκρων ἄκρον / NOUN 14 τοῦ ὁ / DET 15 Ταϋγέτου Ταΰγετος / PROPN 16 Δήμητρος Δήμητρα / PROPN 17 ἐπίκλησιν ἐπίκλησις / NOUN 18 Ἐλευσινίας Ἐλευσίνιος / ADJ 19 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 20 ἱερόν ἱερός / ADJ 21 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΤαλετοῦΤαλετόςPROPNNeut.Dat.Sg?Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 μεταξὺnmodmediumToponym, genitive dependent on τὸ μεταξὺ; form may be a place-name genitive.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_10 φασινcchigh
3τὸDETT-S----N--Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 μεταξὺdethighSubstantivizes μεταξὺ.
4μεταξὺμεταξύADVADV_8 ὀνομάζοντεςobjmediumSubstantivized adverb, object/complement of ὀνομάζοντες: 'the intervening area'; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical.
5καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_8 ὀνομάζοντεςcchigh
6ΕὐόραΕὐόραPROPNNeut?Nom?Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ὀνομάζοντεςobjlowPlace-name or local designation; form and coordination with τὸ μεταξὺ are uncertain.
7ΘήραςΘήραPROPNF-G---GS-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ΕὐόραnmodhighGenitive: 'of Thera'.
8ὀνομάζοντεςὀνομάζωVERBV-PAP-NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act10 φασινadvclhighNominative plural masculine participle, agreeing with implied male inhabitants/authors.
9ΛητώΛητώPROPNF----SN-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 φασινnsubjmediumLikely quoted subject of φασιν in an accusative-and-infinitive-like construction, but surface nominative is textually/syntactically difficult.
10φασινφημίVERBV-PIA-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act19 ἐστὶνcsubjmediumMain reporting verb; its clause functions as the subject/content of ἐστίν.
11ἀπὸἀπόADPP_13 ἄκρωνcasehigh
12τῶνDETT-GP---N-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur13 ἄκρωνdethigh
13ἄκρωνἄκρονNOUNN-GP---N-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur17 ἐπίκλησινnmodmediumGenitive object of ἀπό, likely modifying ἐπίκλησιν or the implied derivational relation; attachment is uncertain.
14τοῦDETT-GS---M-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 Ταϋγέτουdethigh
15ΤαϋγέτουΤαΰγετοςPROPNN-GS---M-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἄκρωνnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἄκρων.
16ΔήμητροςΔήμητραPROPNF-GS---F-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 ἐπίκλησινnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἐπίκλησιν: invocation/name of Demeter.
17ἐπίκλησινἐπίκλησιςNOUNN-ASF---F-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing19 ἐστὶνobjmediumAccusative object/content complement associated with the reported assertion; exact construction is elliptical.
18ἘλευσινίαςἘλευσίνιοςADJA-GSF---F-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 ἐπίκλησινnmodhighGenitive adjective agreeing with an implied feminine ἐπίκλησιν or modifying Δήμητρος-related designation.
19ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV-PIA-3S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular main predicate.
20ἱερόνἱερόςADJA-NSN---N-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing19 ἐστὶνxcomphighPredicate adjective/noun-like complement: 'is sacred' or 'is a sanctuary'.
21··PUNCT__19 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
Sentence 2

3.20.5 sentence 2

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ἐνταῦθα Ἡρακλέα Λακεδαιμόνιοι κρυφθῆναί φασιν ὑπὸ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τὸ τραῦμα ἰώμενον·

The infinitive κρυφθῆναι is governed by φασίν; ἰώμενον is an attached participial phrase with locally difficult agreement/voice interpretation, while τὸ τραῦμα is its neuter syncretic object.

advcl punct advmod case nsubj nsubj ccomp obl det obj root 1 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 2 Ἡρακλέα Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 3 Λακεδαιμόνιοι Λακεδαιμόνιος / NOUN 4 κρυφθῆναί κρύπτω / VERB 5 φασιν φημί / VERB 6 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 7 Ἀσκληπιοῦ Ἀσκληπιός / PROPN 8 τὸ ὁ / DET 9 τραῦμα τραῦμα / NOUN 10 ἰώμενον ἰάομαι / VERB 11 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVDPronType=Dem5 φασινadvmodhigh
2ἩρακλέαἩρακλῆςPROPNN--ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 κρυφθῆναίnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive.
3ΛακεδαιμόνιοιΛακεδαιμόνιοςNOUNN--NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 φασινnsubjhigh
4κρυφθῆναίκρύπτωVERBV--AANTense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass5 φασινccomphighAorist passive infinitive; its accusative subject is Ἡρακλέα.
5φασινφημίVERBV-PIA-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
6ὑπὸὑπόADPR_10 ἰώμενονcasehighIntroduces the agent of the passive participle.
7ἈσκληπιοῦἈσκληπιόςPROPNN--GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ὑπὸoblhigh
8τὸDETL--NSNCase=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing9 τραῦμαdethigh
9τραῦματραῦμαNOUNN--NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 ἰώμενονobjhighAccusative-like object notion with the participle is represented as its object; surface form is nominative/accusative neuter syncretic.
10ἰώμενονἰάομαιVERBV-PMP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid4 κρυφθῆναίadvclmediumAdverbial participle, probably describing Heracles as being treated/healing the wound; agreement and attachment are syntactically difficult.
11··PUNCT__5 φασινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

3.20.5 sentence 3

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καὶ Ὀρφέως ἐστὶν ἐν αὐτῷ ξόανον, Πελασγῶν ὥς φασιν ἔργον.

Existential εἰμί has ξόανον as its subject and ἐν αὐτῷ as a locative complement; Ὀρφέως is a genitive attributive/complement dependent on ξόανον. The final phrase Πελασγῶν ὥς φασιν ἔργον is an inserted attribution: ‘as they say, a work of the Pelasgians,’ with ἔργον in apposition to ξόανον.

punct appos nmod punct nsubj nmod cc obl case mark parataxis root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 Ὀρφέως Ὀρφεύς / PROPN 3 ἐστὶν εἰμί / VERB 4 ἐν ἐν / ADP 5 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 6 ξόανον ξόανον / NOUN 7 , , / PUNCT 8 Πελασγῶν Πελασγός / PROPN 9 ὥς ὡς / SCONJ 10 φασιν φημί / VERB 11 ἔργον ἔργον / NOUN 12 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJ__3 ἐστὶνcchigh
2ὈρφέωςὈρφεύςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ξόανονnmodhighGenitive dependent on ξόανον, likely indicating association or ownership.
3ἐστὶνεἰμίVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
4ἐνἐνADP__5 αὐτῷcasehigh
5αὐτῷαὐτόςPRON_Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs3 ἐστὶνoblhighLocative dative with ἐν; antecedent is contextually supplied.
6ξόανονξόανονNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 ἐστὶνnsubjhigh
7,,PUNCT__3 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
8ΠελασγῶνΠελασγόςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 ἔργονnmodhighGenitive of authorship or origin.
9ὥςὡςSCONJ__10 φασινmarkhigh
10φασινφημίVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act11 ἔργονparataxismediumParenthetical reporting verb; syntactic attachment to ἔργον is conventional but somewhat schematic.
11ἔργονἔργονNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ξόανονapposhighAppositional predicate/attribution to ξόανον.
12..PUNCT__3 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
Sentence 4

3.20.5 sentence 4

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καὶ τόδε δὲ ἄλλο δρώμενον ἐνταῦθα οἶδα·

οἶδα is a perfect-form verb with present meaning (‘I know’); τόδε ... ἄλλο is the accusative object, with δρώμενον agreeing with it as a predicative participle, ‘another thing being done here’.

cc cc obj det acl advmod punct root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 τόδε ὅδε / DET 3 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 4 ἄλλο ἄλλος / ADJ 5 δρώμενον δράω / VERB 6 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 7 οἶδα οἶδα / VERB 8 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJConj_7 οἶδαcchigh
2τόδεὅδεDETPd-snaCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem4 ἄλλοdethighDemonstrative article/pronoun modifying ἄλλο.
3δὲδέCCONJConj_7 οἶδαcchighPostpositive connective.
4ἄλλοἄλλοςADJA-snaCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind7 οἶδαobjhighSubstantivized neuter adjective.
5δρώμενονδράωVERBV-ppp-snaCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass4 ἄλλοaclmediumParticipial modifier/predicative adjunct agreeing with ἄλλο; passive sense ‘being done’.
6ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVAdverbPronType=Dem5 δρώμενονadvmodhighLocative adverb modifying δρώμενον.
7οἶδαοἶδαVERBV-1sraMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighPerfect in form but present in meaning.
8··PUNCT__7 οἶδαpuncthigh
← 3.20.43.20.6 →