Grammar parses for passage 3.21.1
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντι δὲ αὐτόθεν σταδίους εἴκοσι τοῦ Εὐρώτα τὸ ῥεῦμα ἐγγυτάτω τῆς ὁδοῦ γίνεται, καὶ Λάδα μνῆμά ἐστιν ὠκύτητι ὑπερβαλομένου ποδῶν τοὺς ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ·
Two coordinated clauses: a participial temporal/ablative opening with a genitive absolute-like phrase, then a copular clause with an infinitival/genitive comparison phrase; punctuation tokenization follows the input list.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 γίνεται | advcl | high | Dative participle dependent on γίνεται, expressing attendant circumstance/temporal setting. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 γίνεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 προελθόντι | advmod | high | Modifies προελθόντι: 'from there'. |
| 4 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | Accusative of extent of space with προελθόντι. |
| 5 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | NU | NumType=Card | 4 σταδίους | nummod | high | Numeral modifying σταδίους. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Εὐρώτα | det | high | Article with Εὐρώτα. |
| 7 | Εὐρώτα | Εὐρώτας | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ῥεῦμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ῥεῦμα. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ῥεῦμα | det | high | Article with ῥεῦμα. |
| 9 | ῥεῦμα | ῥεῦμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 γίνεται | nsubj | high | Subject of γίνεται. |
| 10 | ἐγγυτάτω | ἐγγύς | ADV | D------S- | Degree=Sup | 13 γίνεται | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying γίνεται. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ὁδοῦ | det | high | Article with ὁδοῦ. |
| 12 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐγγυτάτω | obl | medium | Likely genitive with ἐγγυτάτω ('nearest to the road'). |
| 13 | γίνεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 γίνεται | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinator for second clause. |
| 16 | Λάδα | Λάδα | PROPN | Ne-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μνῆμά | nsubj | medium | Likely subject/predicative name in apposition to μνῆμα; case is uncertain in the transmitted text. |
| 17 | μνῆμά | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Commonly treated as subject of ἐστιν despite accusative form; possibly predicative/appositional in the text. |
| 18 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Root of second clause. |
| 19 | ὠκύτητι | ὠκύτης | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ὑπερβαλομένου | obl | high | Dative of respect/means with ὑπερβαλομένου. |
| 20 | ὑπερβαλομένου | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | V-PAM/PN-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 18 ἐστιν | advcl | medium | Genitive participle; likely genitive absolute with ποδῶν as its subject, though the syntax is compressed. |
| 21 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ὑπερβαλομένου | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive participle. |
| 22 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 αὐτοῦ | det | high | Article with αὐτοῦ in the prepositional phrase. |
| 23 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-- | _ | 24 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 24 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp-s---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 20 ὑπερβαλομένου | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on the participle; article+preposition reflect idiomatic usage. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ δὴ καὶ Ὀλυμπίασιν ἐστεφανοῦτο δολίχῳ κρατῶν,
The syntax is straightforward: the participle κρατῶν forms a circumstantial clause, with δολίχῳ as its dative complement; Ὀλυμπίασιν is a locative dative tied to the main verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἐστεφανοῦτο | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking with the previous discourse context. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἐστεφανοῦτο | advmod | medium | Discourse particle, likely emphasizing the clause. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἐστεφανοῦτο | cc | high | Second coordinating particle. |
| 4 | Ὀλυμπίασιν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστεφανοῦτο | obl | high | Dative plural locative-like adverbial use: 'at Olympia'. |
| 5 | ἐστεφανοῦτο | στεφανοῦμαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb, imperfect middle/passive form. |
| 6 | δολίχῳ | δολιχός | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κρατῶν | obl | medium | Likely dative of respect/means with the participle; could also be a noun-like substantival use. |
| 7 | κρατῶν | κρατέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστεφανοῦτο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστεφανοῦτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸν δὲ ὁμώνυμον τούτῳ, νίκην καὶ αὐτὸν Ὀλυμπίασι, πλὴν οὐ δολίχου, σταδίου δὲ ἀνελόμενον, Ἀχαιὸν ἐξ Αἰγίου φησὶν εἶναι καὶ τὰ ἐς τοὺς Ὀλυμπιονίκας Ἠλείων γράμματα.
The syntax is heavily parenthetical: φησὶν governs an infinitival clause, while the participle ἀνελόμενον modifies the accusative ὁμώνυμον and the final τὰ...γράμματα is coordinated to the infinitival content.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ὁμώνυμον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | u-------- | _ | 3 ὁμώνυμον | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ὁμώνυμον | ὁμώνυμος | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 φησὶν | obj | medium | Accusative object with infinitive chain; likely subject of implied εἶναι in indirect statement context. |
| 4 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | pd-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 ὁμώνυμον | obl | high | |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὁμώνυμον | punct | high | |
| 6 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀνελόμενον | obj | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 αὐτὸν | cc | high | |
| 8 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 ἀνελόμενον | obj | medium | Likely coordinated with νίκην as second object/predicative accusative. |
| 9 | Ὀλυμπίασι | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | n-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ἀνελόμενον | obl | medium | Dative of place/time; form is somewhat unusual/poetic. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀνελόμενον | punct | high | |
| 11 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | d-------- | _ | 13 δολίχου | case | high | Introduces exception. |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | u-------- | _ | 13 δολίχου | advmod | high | |
| 13 | δολίχου | δολιχός | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀνελόμενον | obl | high | Genitive with πλήν, 'except for the long race'. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δολίχου | punct | high | |
| 15 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἀνελόμενον | obl | high | Genitive of exception/partitive parallel to δολίχου. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | u-------- | _ | 17 ἀνελόμενον | discourse | high | |
| 17 | ἀνελόμενον | ἀναιρέω | VERB | v-smppma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 ὁμώνυμον | acl | medium | Participial modifier of ὁμώνυμον. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀνελόμενον | punct | high | |
| 19 | Ἀχαιὸν | Ἀχαιός | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative within indirect statement. |
| 20 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | d-------- | _ | 21 Αἰγίου | case | high | |
| 21 | Αἰγίου | Αἰγίον | PROPN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 εἶναι | obl | high | |
| 22 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 23 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--pna--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 22 φησὶν | xcomp | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 25 τὰ | cc | high | |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 γράμματα | det | high | |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | d-------- | _ | 28 Ὀλυμπιονίκας | case | high | |
| 27 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 Ὀλυμπιονίκας | det | high | |
| 28 | Ὀλυμπιονίκας | Ὀλυμπιονίκης | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 γράμματα | obl | high | |
| 29 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 γράμματα | amod | high | |
| 30 | γράμματα | γράμμα | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 εἶναι | obj | medium | Likely second coordinated accusative object of φησίν/εἶναι, 'and the Eleian inscriptions concerning the Olympic victors'. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 φησὶν | punct | high |