Grammar parses for passage 3.21.7
Open translation for this passage
ἀριθμὸς δὲ τῶν Ἐλευθερολακώνων ὀκτὼ πόλεις καὶ δέκα εἰσί, πρώτη μὲν καταβᾶσιν ἐξ Αἰγιῶν ἐπὶ θάλασσαν Γύθιον, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὴν Τευθρώνη τε καὶ Λᾶς καὶ Πύρριχος, ἐπὶ Ταινάρῳ δὲ Καινήπολις Οἴτυλός τε καὶ Λεῦκτρα καὶ Θαλάμαι, πρὸς δὲ Ἀλαγονία τε καὶ Γερηνία· τὰ δὲ ἐπέκεινα Γυθίου πρὸς θαλάσσῃ Ἀσωπὸς Ἀκριαὶ Βοιαὶ Ζάραξ Ἐπίδαυρος ἡ Λιμηρὰ Βρασιαὶ Γερόνθραι Μαριός.
The sentence has an initial copular enumeration, followed by appositional/list fragments. πρώτη agrees with an elided πόλις and καταβᾶσιν is an aorist participle agreeing with an implicit plural subject; the final place-name sequence is coordinated/listed after τὰ ἐπέκεινα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀριθμὸς | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N--MSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 εἰσί | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 εἰσί | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Ἐλευθερολακώνων | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἐλευθερολακώνων | Ἐλευθερολάκων | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀριθμὸς | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 6 πόλεις | nummod | high | |
| 6 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσί | nsubj | high | Numeral coordination with δέκα. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 δέκα | cc | high | |
| 8 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 6 πόλεις | nummod | high | |
| 9 | εἰσί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copula with ἀριθμός and πόλεις as coordinated nominal predicates/subjects. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσί | punct | high | |
| 11 | πρώτη | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--NFS | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Γύθιον | amod | medium | Predicative/list adjective, agreeing with an elided singular πόλις. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 11 πρώτη | discourse | high | |
| 13 | καταβᾶσιν | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-2AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 Γύθιον | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely circumstantial with implicit travelers/subject; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 14 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Αἰγιῶν | case | high | |
| 15 | Αἰγιῶν | Αἰγιαί | PROPN | N--GFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 καταβᾶσιν | obl | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 17 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Γύθιον | obl | high | |
| 18 | Γύθιον | Γύθιον | PROPN | N--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 εἰσί | appos | medium | First listed city; appositional relation to an elided πόλις. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 Γύθιον | punct | high | |
| 20 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 Τευθρώνη | cc | high | |
| 22 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P--ASF3- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 23 Τευθρώνη | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 23 | Τευθρώνη | Τευθρώνη | PROPN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Γύθιον | conj | medium | Coordinated/listed place name; nominative form. |
| 24 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 Τευθρώνη | cc | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 Λᾶς | cc | high | |
| 26 | Λᾶς | Λᾶς | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Τευθρώνη | conj | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 Πύρριχος | cc | high | |
| 28 | Πύρριχος | Πύρριχος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Τευθρώνη | conj | high | |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 Τευθρώνη | punct | high | |
| 30 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 Ταινάρῳ | case | high | |
| 31 | Ταινάρῳ | Ταίναρον | PROPN | N--DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 Καινήπολις | obl | high | |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 Καινήπολις | cc | high | |
| 33 | Καινήπολις | Καινήπολις | PROPN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 Τευθρώνη | conj | medium | Continuation of the city list. |
| 34 | Οἴτυλός | Οἴτυλος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 Καινήπολις | conj | medium | List coordination; exact grouping among subsequent names is uncertain. |
| 35 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 34 Οἴτυλός | cc | high | |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 37 Λεῦκτρα | cc | high | |
| 37 | Λεῦκτρα | Λεῦκτρα | PROPN | N--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 Οἴτυλός | conj | high | |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 Θαλάμαι | cc | high | |
| 39 | Θαλάμαι | Θαλάμαι | PROPN | N--NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 34 Οἴτυλός | conj | high | |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 Καινήπολις | punct | high | |
| 41 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 43 Ἀλαγονία | case | high | |
| 42 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 43 Ἀλαγονία | cc | high | |
| 43 | Ἀλαγονία | Ἀλαγονία | PROPN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 Καινήπολις | conj | medium | Place-name list; πρὸς phrase is semantically directional, but the listed names remain nominative. |
| 44 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 43 Ἀλαγονία | cc | high | |
| 45 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 46 Γερηνία | cc | high | |
| 46 | Γερηνία | Γερηνία | PROPN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 Ἀλαγονία | conj | high | |
| 47 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 Καινήπολις | punct | high | |
| 48 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 50 ἐπέκεινα | det | medium | Article with substantivized ἐπέκεινα. |
| 49 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 50 ἐπέκεινα | cc | high | |
| 50 | ἐπέκεινα | ἐπέκεινα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | advmod | medium | Substantivized adverbial expression, ‘the places beyond’; governs/qualifies the following list. |
| 51 | Γυθίου | Γύθιον | PROPN | N--GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 50 ἐπέκεινα | nmod | high | |
| 52 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 53 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | |
| 53 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | obl | high | Locative/directional dative after πρὸς in the transmitted phrase. |
| 54 | Ἀσωπὸς | Ἀσωπός | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 Καινήπολις | conj | medium | Begins the second place-name list; coordination across the semicolon is elliptical. |
| 55 | Ἀκριαὶ | Ἀκριαί | PROPN | N--NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 56 | Βοιαὶ | Βοιαί | PROPN | N--NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 57 | Ζάραξ | Ζάραξ | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 58 | Ἐπίδαυρος | Ἐπίδαυρος | PROPN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 59 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 60 Λιμηρὰ | det | high | |
| 60 | Λιμηρὰ | Λιμηρά | PROPN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 58 Ἐπίδαυρος | appos | high | Full name ‘Epidaurus Limera’. |
| 61 | Βρασιαὶ | Βρασιαί | PROPN | N--NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 62 | Γερόνθραι | Γερόνθραι | PROPN | N--NFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 63 | Μαριός | Μαριός | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 54 Ἀσωπὸς | conj | high | |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσί | punct | high |
αὗται μὲν οὖν εἰσιν αἱ λοιπαὶ τῶν Ἐλευθερολακώνων ἀπὸ τεσσάρων ποτὲ καὶ εἴκοσι πόλεων·
The copula links αὗται with the nominal predicate αἱ λοιπαί; τῶν Ἐλευθερολακώνων and ἀπὸ ... πόλεων are genitive modifiers specifying the remaining Lacedaemonian towns and their former number.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὗται | οὗτος | PRON | PD--NF-- | Case=Nom|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 εἰσιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 εἰσιν | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present copular verb. |
| 5 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | P---NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 λοιπαὶ | det | high | Article modifying λοιπαί. |
| 6 | λοιπαὶ | λοιπός | ADJ | A--PNF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 εἰσιν | attr | high | Predicate adjective/noun phrase complement. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P---OG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ἐλευθερολακώνων | det | high | Article modifying the ethnic noun. |
| 8 | Ἐλευθερολακώνων | Ἐλευθερολάκων | PROPN | N-P-GM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 λοιπαὶ | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic designation. |
| 9 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 πόλεων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive numeral phrase. |
| 10 | τεσσάρων | τέσσαρες | NUM | M----GF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 14 πόλεων | nummod | high | Genitive cardinal modifying πόλεων. |
| 11 | ποτὲ | ποτε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 πόλεων | advmod | medium | Indefinite/temporal particle, modifying the historical enumeration. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 εἴκοσι | cc | high | Coordinates the two cardinal numerals. |
| 13 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | M----GF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 14 πόλεων | nummod | high | Second genitive cardinal modifying πόλεων. |
| 14 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | N---GF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 λοιπαὶ | nmod | high | Genitive of former extent/count with ἀπό. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἰσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τὰς δὲ ἄλλας, ἐφʼ ἃς ἂν καὶ αὐτὰς ὁ λόγος ἐπέλθῃ δή μοι, συντελούσας ἴστω τις ἐς Σπάρτην καὶ οὐχ ὁμοίως τοῖς προλεχθεῖσιν αὐτονόμους.
The construction has substantivized ἄλλας as the accusative referent of συντελούσας and αὐτονόμους, with ἴστω τις as the main imperative; the exact attachment of the participle is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-FEM-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἄλλας | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 17 ἴστω | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 συντελούσας | obj | medium | Accusative subject/object of the following imperative construction; substantivized adjective. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | punc | _ | 3 ἄλλας | punct | high | |
| 5 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | prep | _ | 6 ἃς | case | high | Elided form before relative pronoun. |
| 6 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | pr--------f- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπέλθῃ | obl | medium | Relative pronoun governed by ἐπί; antecedent is ἄλλας. |
| 7 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | part | _ | 12 ἐπέλθῃ | advmod | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 9 αὐτὰς | advmod | high | Scalar/adverbial καί. |
| 9 | αὐτὰς | αὐτός | PRON | p----af- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπέλθῃ | obj | medium | Reflexive/emphatic accusative, likely co-referential with ἃς. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | article-NOM-MASC-SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λόγος | det | high | |
| 11 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπέλθῃ | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | ἐπέλθῃ | ἐπέρχομαι | VERB | v2saas--- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 συντελούσας | acl:relcl | medium | Aorist subjunctive in the ἄν-relative clause; active morphology despite middle lexical lemma. |
| 13 | δή | δή | PART | part | _ | 12 ἐπέλθῃ | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle. |
| 14 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | p1s---md- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 12 ἐπέλθῃ | iobj | medium | Dative of personal involvement/reference. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | punc | _ | 16 συντελούσας | punct | high | |
| 16 | συντελούσας | συντελέω | VERB | v-sppafa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἴστω | obj | medium | Accusative present active participle, agreeing with substantivized ἄλλας; supplementary/predicative with ἴστω. |
| 17 | ἴστω | οἶδα | VERB | v3spma--- | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Third-person imperative: 'let ... know/consider'. |
| 18 | τις | τις | PRON | p-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Number=Sing | 17 ἴστω | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | prep | _ | 20 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 20 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 συντελούσας | obl | high | Destination/completion complement of συντελούσας. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 23 ὁμοίως | cc | high | |
| 22 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | part | _ | 23 ὁμοίως | advmod | high | Negative particle before adverb. |
| 23 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | adv | _ | 16 συντελούσας | advmod | high | Adverbial qualification of συντελούσας/its result. |
| 24 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | article-DAT-MASC-PL | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 προλεχθεῖσιν | det | high | |
| 25 | προλεχθεῖσιν | προλέγω | VERB | v-sappmd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 23 ὁμοίως | obl | high | Substantivized dative participle after ὁμοίως. |
| 26 | αὐτονόμους | αὐτόνομος | ADJ | a-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 συντελούσας | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative adjective agreeing with ἄλλας; complement of συντελούσας. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | punc | _ | 17 ἴστω | punct | high |