Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 3.23.5

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Passage 3.23.5

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2sentences parsed

57Greek tokens

1,708input tokens

4,275output tokens

Sentence 2

3.23.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 41
Input: 1,004
Output: 2,938
Total: 3,942

ἀλλὰ Μηνοφάνην μὲν παραυτίκα, ὡς ἀνήγετο ἐρημώσας τὴν Δῆλον, λοχήσαντες ναυσὶν οἱ διαπεφευγότες τῶν ἐμπόρων καταδύουσι, Μιθριδάτην δὲ ὕστερον τούτων ἠνάγκασεν ὁ θεὸς αὐτόχειρα αὑτοῦ καταστῆναι, τῆς τε ἀρχῆς οἱ καθῃρημένης καὶ ἐλαυνόμενον πανταχόθεν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων·

Two coordinated accusative objects (Μηνοφάνην, Μιθριδάτην) depend on καταδύουσι/ἠνάγκασεν; the participial phrases after Μιθριδάτην are supplementary description, with τῆς ἀρχῆς οἱ καθῃρημένης a genitive absolute-like construction and ἐλαυνόμενον coordinated with καθῃρημένης.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀλλὰ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 καταδύουσι	cc	high
2	Μηνοφάνην	Μηνοφάνης	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 καταδύουσι	obj	high
3	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	2 Μηνοφάνην	discourse	high
4	παραυτίκα	παραυτίκα	ADV	ADV	_	18 καταδύουσι	advmod	high
5	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	18 καταδύουσι	punct	high
6	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	7 ἀνήγετο	mark	high	Temporal ὡς.
7	ἀνήγετο	ἀνάγω	VERB	V-3IIM-S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Mid	18 καταδύουσι	advcl	high	Subject understood as Μηνοφάνης.
8	ἐρημώσας	ἐρημόω	VERB	V-AAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	7 ἀνήγετο	advcl	high	Conjunct participle with subject Μηνοφάνης.
9	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 Δῆλον	det	high
10	Δῆλον	Δῆλος	PROPN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἐρημώσας	obj	high	Island name, feminine in this form.
11	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	18 καταδύουσι	punct	high
12	λοχήσαντες	λοχάω	VERB	V-AAP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 καταδύουσι	advcl	high	Subject is οἱ διαπεφευγότες.
13	ναυσὶν	ναῦς	NOUN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	12 λοχήσαντες	obl	high	Means or location: lying in wait with ships.
14	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 διαπεφευγότες	det	high
15	διαπεφευγότες	διαφεύγω	VERB	V-RAP-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 καταδύουσι	nsubj	high	Substantival participle, ‘those of the merchants who escaped’.
16	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 ἐμπόρων	det	high
17	ἐμπόρων	ἔμπορος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 διαπεφευγότες	nmod	high
18	καταδύουσι	καταδύω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main predicate for the first coordinated clause.
19	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	18 καταδύουσι	punct	high
20	Μιθριδάτην	Μιθριδάτης	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 ἠνάγκασεν	obj	high
21	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	24 ἠνάγκασεν	cc	high
22	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	ADV	_	24 ἠνάγκασεν	advmod	high
23	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	D-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	22 ὕστερον	obl	medium	Partitive/relational genitive: later than these events/persons.
24	ἠνάγκασεν	ἀναγκάζω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	18 καταδύουσι	conj	high
25	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 θεὸς	det	high
26	θεὸς	θεός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 ἠνάγκασεν	nsubj	high
27	αὐτόχειρα	αὐτόχειρ	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 καταστῆναι	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective agreeing with Μιθριδάτην.
28	αὑτοῦ	ἑαυτοῦ	PRON	P-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes	27 αὐτόχειρα	nmod	high	Reflexive possessive genitive.
29	καταστῆναι	καθίστημι	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	24 ἠνάγκασεν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἠνάγκασεν.
30	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	24 ἠνάγκασεν	punct	high
31	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	33 ἀρχῆς	det	high
32	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	35 καθῃρημένης	cc	high
33	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	35 καθῃρημένης	obl	medium	Genitive with καθῃρημένης; likely genitive absolute construction.
34	οἱ	ὁ	PRON	P-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	35 καθῃρημένης	iobj	medium	Dative pronoun, likely ‘his’; spelling is identical to article but syntax favors pronoun.
35	καθῃρημένης	καθαιρέω	VERB	V-RMP-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	24 ἠνάγκασεν	advcl	medium	Genitive participle agreeing with ἀρχῆς; construction is syntactically compressed.
36	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	37 ἐλαυνόμενον	cc	high
37	ἐλαυνόμενον	ἐλαύνω	VERB	V-PPP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	29 καταστῆναι	xcomp	medium	Supplementary participle referring to Μιθριδάτην; coordinated in sense with the preceding participial circumstance.
38	πανταχόθεν	πανταχόθεν	ADV	ADV	_	37 ἐλαυνόμενον	advmod	high
39	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	PREP	_	40 Ῥωμαίων	case	high
40	Ῥωμαίων	Ῥωμαῖος	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	37 ἐλαυνόμενον	obl:agent	high
41	·	·	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	18 καταδύουσι	punct	high

Sentence 3

3.23.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 16
Input: 704
Output: 1,337
Total: 2,041

εἰσὶ δὲ οἵ φασιν αὐτὸν παρά του τῶν μισθοφόρων θάνατον βίαιον ἐν μέρει χάριτος εὕρασθαι.

Existential εἰσὶ introduces οἵ, with φασιν governing an accusative-and-infinitive construction: αὐτὸν ... εὕρασθαι. The phrase παρά του τῶν μισθοφόρων is construed with εὕρασθαι; θάνατον βίαιον is the accusative predicate/object-like complement, while ἐν μέρει χάριτος is an idiomatic circumstantial phrase. The exact scope of παρά and the construction of χάριτος are somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	εἰσὶ	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Existential present, introducing the relative subject οἵ.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 εἰσὶ	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οἵ	ὅς	PRON	PRel-NMP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	4 φασιν	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun, subject of φασιν.
4	φασιν	φημί	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	1 εἰσὶ	acl:relcl	high	Finite verb of the relative clause; governs the accusative-and-infinitive.
5	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	15 εὕρασθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive εὕρασθαι.
6	παρά	παρά	ADP	P	_	7 του	case	high	Preposition governing the following genitive.
7	του	τις	PRON	X-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	15 εὕρασθαι	obl	medium	Indefinite genitive after παρά; form is ambiguous without accentuation.
8	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 μισθοφόρων	det	high	Article modifying μισθοφόρων.
9	μισθοφόρων	μισθοφόρος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 του	nmod	high	Genitive dependent within the παρά phrase.
10	θάνατον	θάνατος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 εὕρασθαι	obj	medium	Accusative complement associated with εὕρασθαι; exact semantic role is debated.
11	βίαιον	βίαιος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 θάνατον	amod	high	Adjective agreeing with θάνατον.
12	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	13 μέρει	case	high	Preposition governing μέρει.
13	μέρει	μέρος	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 εὕρασθαι	obl	medium	Dative object of ἐν in the phrase ἐν μέρει.
14	χάριτος	χάρις	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 μέρει	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on μέρει, likely partitive or descriptive in the idiom.
15	εὕρασθαι	εὑρίσκω	VERB	V-AMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	4 φασιν	ccomp	high	Aorist middle infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive complement of φασιν.
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 εἰσὶ	punct	high

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