Grammar parses for passage 3.23.8
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντι δὲ ἐν δεξιᾷ δύο που σταδίους, ἔστιν Ἰνοῦς καλούμενον ὕδωρ,
The opening dative participial construction is an adverbial/dative-absolute-like phrase; Ἰνοῦς is syntactically difficult because the transmitted phrase likely gives the water’s name, with uncertain exact attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAI-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, dative absolute with implied subject/path context. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 δεξιᾷ | case | high | |
| 4 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 προελθόντι | obl | medium | Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘on the right’; ἐν governs it. |
| 5 | δύο | δύο | NUM | N-AP | Case=Accusative|Number=Plural | 7 σταδίους | nummod | high | |
| 6 | που | που | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 σταδίους | advmod | high | Indefinite adverb, ‘somewhere/about’. |
| 7 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | Accusative measure of extent. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular predicate. |
| 10 | Ἰνοῦς | Ἰνοῦς | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 11 καλούμενον | obl | low | Proper name; likely part of the name/title construction with καλούμενον ὕδωρ, but form and exact attachment are uncertain. |
| 11 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 12 ὕδωρ | acl | high | Present passive participle modifying ὕδωρ: ‘called/named’. |
| 12 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 9 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστιν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high |
μέγεθος μὲν κατὰ λίμνην μικράν, τῆς γῆς δὲ ἐν βάθει μᾶλλον·
Elliptical comparative phrase: μέγεθος is an accusative of respect/topic, with κατὰ λίμνην μικράν contrasting τῆς γῆς ἐν βάθει μᾶλλον; the copular/comparative predicate is understood from context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-NSN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 μικράν | obl | medium | Accusative of respect/topic in an elliptical comparison. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G------- | _ | 1 μέγεθος | discourse | high | Correlative particle, contrasting the following δέ. |
| 3 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 4 λίμνην | case | high | Accusative-governing preposition. |
| 4 | λίμνην | λίμνη | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 μικράν | obl | high | Object of κατά; expresses comparison/aspect with respect to the lake. |
| 5 | μικράν | μικρός | ADJ | A-ASF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Elliptical predicate adjective, agreeing with an understood feminine noun such as λίμνην; syntactic root of the fragment. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 5 μικράν | punct | high | |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 γῆς | det | high | |
| 8 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 βάθει | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison or respect, contrasted with κατὰ λίμνην. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 βάθει | cc | high | Adversative/contrastive coordinator corresponding to μὲν. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 11 βάθει | case | high | Dative-governing preposition. |
| 11 | βάθει | βάθος | NOUN | N-DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 μᾶλλον | obl | high | Object of ἐν; depth dimension of the comparison. |
| 12 | μᾶλλον | μάλα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 5 μικράν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying the elliptical predicate μικράν. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | --------- | _ | 5 μικράν | punct | high |
ἐς τοῦτο τὸ ὕδωρ ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ τῆς Ἰνοῦς ἐμβάλλουσιν ἀλφίτων μάζας.
The verb means ‘they throw/put’; ὕδωρ is the prepositional goal, μάζας the direct object, and ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ τῆς Ἰνοῦς a temporal adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ὕδωρ | case | high | Variant form of εἰς governing the accusative. |
| 2 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | PD | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὕδωρ | det | high | Demonstrative determiner modifying ὕδωρ. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article modifying ὕδωρ. |
| 4 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N.ACC.SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐμβάλλουσιν | obl | high | Accusative goal with ἐς; destination of ἐμβάλλουσιν. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἑορτῇ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative ἑορτῇ. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἑορτῇ | det | high | Article modifying ἑορτῇ. |
| 7 | ἑορτῇ | ἑορτή | NOUN | N.DAT.SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐμβάλλουσιν | obl | high | Temporal setting: during the festival. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Ἰνοῦς | det | high | Article in the genitive phrase modifying Ἰνοῦς. |
| 9 | Ἰνοῦς | Ἰνώ | PROPN | N.GEN.SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἑορτῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἑορτῇ: festival of Ino. |
| 10 | ἐμβάλλουσιν | ἐμβάλλω | VERB | V- PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite present active verb; subject is understood third-person plural. |
| 11 | ἀλφίτων | ἄλφιτον | NOUN | N.GEN.PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 μάζας | nmod | high | Genitive of material or content modifying μάζας. |
| 12 | μάζας | μᾶζα | NOUN | N.ACC.PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐμβάλλουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐμβάλλουσιν. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐμβάλλουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ταύτας ἐπὶ μὲν αἰσίῳ τοῦ ἐμβαλόντος καταδεξάμενον ἔχει τὸ ὕδωρ· εἰ δὲ ἀναπέμψαιτο σφᾶς, πονηρὸν κέκριται σημεῖον.
The first clause is difficult: ταύτας is the object of καταδεξάμενον, an accusative participle agreeing with an implicit neuter subject related to ὕδωρ; τοῦ ἐμβαλόντος is a genitive substantival participle, likely referring to the person who cast them in. In the conditional clause, σφᾶς is the object of ἀναπέμψαιτο, and κέκριται is impersonal/passive-perfect ‘has been judged’ with σημεῖον as predicate nominative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AF-3P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 καταδεξάμενον | obj | high | |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 4 αἰσίῳ | case | high | Preposition with dative αἰσίῳ. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 8 ἔχει | discourse | high | Correlative with δέ. |
| 4 | αἰσίῳ | αἴσιος | ADJ | A-----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 καταδεξάμενον | obl | medium | Dative with ἐπί; exact semantic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐμβαλόντος | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐμβαλόντος | ἐμβάλλω | VERB | VA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 καταδεξάμενον | nmod | medium | Substantival genitive participle, ‘of the one who cast [them] in’. |
| 7 | καταδεξάμενον | καταδέχομαι | VERB | VA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἔχει | advcl | low | Accusative participle with uncertain implicit subject/object relation; likely predicative with ὕδωρ understood as its subject. |
| 8 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V臨-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 10 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 12 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἀναπέμψαιτο | mark | high | |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἀναπέμψαιτο | cc | high | Contrasts with μὲν. |
| 14 | ἀναπέμψαιτο | ἀναπέμπω | VERB | V-AOM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 18 κέκριται | advcl | high | Optative in the protasis. |
| 15 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-A3P | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 14 ἀναπέμψαιτο | obj | high | Third-person plural pronoun; gender is not morphologically specified here. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀναπέμψαιτο | punct | high | |
| 17 | πονηρὸν | πονηρός | ADJ | A-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 σημεῖον | amod | high | Agrees with σημεῖον. |
| 18 | κέκριται | κρίνω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive, impersonal or with σημεῖον as predicate nominative. |
| 19 | σημεῖον | σημεῖον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 κέκριται | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/complement of impersonal κέκριται. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 κέκριται | punct | high |