Grammar parses for passage 3.24.10
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ Ἀραΐνῳ καλουμένῳ χωρίῳ τάφος Λᾶ καὶ ἀνδριὰς ἐπὶ τῷ μνήματι ἔπεστι.
Locative/existential clause: τάφος and ἀνδριάς are coordinated subjects of ἔπεστι; Ἀραΐνῳ καλουμένῳ χωρίῳ is a dative-locative phrase, with καλουμένῳ agreeing with χωρίῳ. Λᾶ is the genitive dependent on τάφος (the tomb of Laas); ἐπὶ τῷ μνήματι modifies ἔπεστι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 5 χωρίῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἔπεστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀραΐνῳ | Ἀραΐνος | PROPN | Nb-dat-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 χωρίῳ | amod | medium | Proper name used attributively with χωρίῳ; exact lexical gender/form is somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | καλουμένῳ | καλέω | VERB | V-prpmp-d-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 5 χωρίῳ | acl | high | |
| 5 | χωρίῳ | χωρίον | NOUN | Nb-dat-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἔπεστι | obl | high | Dative of location with ἐν. |
| 6 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | Nb-nom-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἔπεστι | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | Λᾶ | Λᾶς | PROPN | Nb-gen-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 τάφος | nmod | medium | Name in the genitive, dependent on τάφος. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀνδριὰς | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἀνδριὰς | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | Nb-nom-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 τάφος | conj | high | Coordinated with τάφος. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 12 μνήματι | case | high | |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S-dat-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 μνήματι | det | high | |
| 12 | μνήματι | μνῆμα | NOUN | Nb-dat-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἔπεστι | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί indicating position. |
| 13 | ἔπεστι | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-pai--3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentative verb. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔπεστι | punct | high |
τοῦτον τὸν Λᾶν οἰκιστὴν εἶναι λέγουσιν οἱ ταύτῃ, καὶ ἀποθανεῖν φασιν ὑπὸ Ἀχιλλέως, Ἀχιλλέα δὲ κατᾶραί σφισιν ἐς τὴν χώραν Ἑλένην παρὰ Τυνδάρεω γυναῖκα αἰτοῦντα.
Accusative-and-infinitive reports: τοῦτον τὸν Λᾶν οἰκιστὴν εἶναι and ἀποθανεῖν depend on λέγουσιν/φασιν; Ἀχιλλέα κατᾶραί is a further reported infinitive, with αἰτοῦντα agreeing with Ἀχιλλέα and Ἑλένην as its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 οἰκιστὴν | det | high | |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Λᾶν | det | high | |
| 3 | Λᾶν | Λᾶς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 οἰκιστὴν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | οἰκιστὴν | οἰκιστής | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 5 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | |
| 6 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized article, ‘the people here’. |
| 8 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | ADV | D-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 οἱ | advmod | medium | Dative-form demonstrative used adverbially, ‘here/in this place’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φασιν | ccomp | high | Coordinated reported infinitive. |
| 12 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσιν | conj | high | |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 14 Ἀχιλλέως | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀποθανεῖν | obl:agent | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | Ἀχιλλέα | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 κατᾶραί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of κατᾶραί. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 18 κατᾶραί | cc | high | |
| 18 | κατᾶραί | καταίρω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 φασιν | ccomp | medium | Aorist infinitive, likely coordinated/further complement of φασιν; form and lexical parsing are somewhat uncertain. |
| 19 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 18 κατᾶραί | iobj | high | |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 22 χώραν | case | high | |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 χώραν | det | high | |
| 22 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 κατᾶραί | obl | high | |
| 23 | Ἑλένην | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 γυναῖκα | appos | high | Object of αἰτοῦντα; appositional to γυναῖκα. |
| 24 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R- | _ | 25 Τυνδάρεω | case | high | |
| 25 | Τυνδάρεω | Τυνδάρεως | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 αἰτοῦντα | obl | high | |
| 26 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 αἰτοῦντα | obj | high | Predicative/appositional characterization of Ἑλένην, ‘Helen as wife’. |
| 27 | αἰτοῦντα | αἰτέω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 κατᾶραί | advcl | medium | Participial modifier of Ἀχιλλέα; denotes the circumstance accompanying his going down. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
λέγοντι δὲ ἐπʼ ἀληθείᾳ Πάτροκλός ἐστιν ὁ τὸν Λᾶν ἀποκτείνας·
The sentence is copular: Πάτροκλος is identified as ὁ ... ἀποκτείνας; λέγοντι is a dative circumstantial participle whose precise antecedent/function depends on the preceding context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγοντι | λέγω | VERB | PAPTCSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 Πάτροκλός | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely circumstantial/quotative in relation to the preceding context. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγοντι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἀληθείᾳ | case | high | Elided form before a vowel. |
| 4 | ἀληθείᾳ | ἀλήθεια | NOUN | NFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 λέγοντι | obl | high | Prepositional phrase ἐπ’ ἀληθείᾳ. |
| 5 | Πάτροκλός | Πάτροκλος | PROPN | NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | TMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποκτείνας | det | high | Article introducing the attributive participial phrase. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | TMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Λᾶν | det | high | |
| 9 | Λᾶν | Λᾶς | PROPN | MAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀποκτείνας | obj | medium | Proper name Λᾶς; exact inflectional analysis is somewhat irregular/lexically specific. |
| 10 | ἀποκτείνας | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | AAPTNMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Substantival/attributive participle with ὁ, predicated of Πάτροκλος. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
οὗτος γὰρ καὶ ὁ μνηστευσάμενός ἐστιν Ἑλένην.
The copular clause identifies οὗτος as the one who courted Helen; μνηστευσάμενος is a substantivized aorist middle participle, with Ἑλένην as its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PART | _ | 6 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 μνηστευσάμενός | advmod | high | Connects/emphasizes the identifying predicate. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 μνηστευσάμενός | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 5 | μνηστευσάμενός | μνηστεύω | VERB | V-AMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Substantivized participle, predicate complement of εἰμί. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | Ἑλένην | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N-AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 μνηστευσάμενός | obj | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
καὶ ὅτι μὲν τῶν Ἑλένης μνηστήρων Ἀχιλλεὺς οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν Καταλόγῳ γυναικῶν, μηδὲν τοῦτο ἔστω τεκμήριον οὐκ αἰτῆσαι Ἑλένην αὐτόν·
The main clause is an imperative with predicative τεκμήριον; the final infinitival phrase is elliptical and its exact attachment, especially the relation of αὐτόν, is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἔστω | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 μνηστήρων | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἑλένης | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μνηστήρων | nmod | high | |
| 6 | μνηστήρων | μνηστήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἀχιλλεὺς | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with Ἀχιλλεύς. |
| 7 | Ἀχιλλεὺς | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 9 ἔστιν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 ἔστω | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the ὅτι-content clause. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 11 Καταλόγῳ | case | high | |
| 11 | Καταλόγῳ | Κατάλογος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | Title/name of the Catalogue. |
| 12 | γυναικῶν | γυνή | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 Καταλόγῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Κατάλογος. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔστω | punct | high | |
| 14 | μηδὲν | μηδείς | PRON | A-NAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 17 τεκμήριον | det | medium | Adjectival μηδέν, ‘nothing’; syntactically accusative with τεκμήριον. |
| 15 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 16 ἔστω | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | ἔστω | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAM-3S | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main imperative: ‘let this be’. |
| 17 | τεκμήριον | τεκμήριον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἔστω | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative with ἔστω; μηδέν modifies it semantically. |
| 18 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 19 αἰτῆσαι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | αἰτῆσαι | αἰτέω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 τεκμήριον | acl | medium | Infinitival clause explaining the alleged evidence; attachment is syntactically uncertain. |
| 20 | Ἑλένην | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 αἰτῆσαι | obj | high | |
| 21 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 19 αἰτῆσαι | obj | medium | Accusative masculine, likely the person requested; coordination or construction is elliptical. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔστω | punct | high |