Grammar parses for passage 3.24.2
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντι δὲ ἀπὸ Ζάρακος παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν ἑκατόν που στάδια καὶ ἐπιστρέψαντι αὐτόθεν ἐς μεσόγαιαν καὶ ἐπαναβάντι σταδίους ὡς δέκα, Κυφάντων καλουμένων ἐρείπιά ἐστιν,
Impersonal dative absolute with three coordinated aorist participles governs the main clause ἐρείπιά ἐστιν; Κυφάντων is a genitive name agreeing with καλουμένων and modifying ἐρείπια. The final ὡς δέκα is an approximating numeral phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAP-D-S | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 24 ἐρείπιά | advcl | high | First member of a dative absolute; neuter singular is impersonal. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 1 προελθόντι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R----- | _ | 4 Ζάρακος | case | high | |
| 4 | Ζάρακος | Ζάρακος | PROPN | Ne----G-S | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 προελθόντι | obl | medium | Place-name; form is treated as genitive singular. |
| 5 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R----- | _ | 7 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P---AF-S | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 θάλασσαν | det | high | |
| 7 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N----A-S | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | παρά with accusative expresses movement along/past. |
| 8 | ἑκατόν | ἑκατόν | NUM | M----A-S | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 10 στάδια | nummod | high | Neuter numeral modifying στάδια. |
| 9 | που | που | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 στάδια | advmod | high | Indefinite approximating particle/adverb. |
| 10 | στάδια | στάδιον | NOUN | N----A-P | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | Measure phrase dependent on the movement participle. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ἐπιστρέψαντι | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐπιστρέψαντι | ἐπιστρέφω | VERB | V-AAP-D-S | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 προελθόντι | conj | high | Coordinated member of the dative absolute. |
| 13 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 ἐπιστρέψαντι | advmod | high | Adverb meaning from that place/back from there. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R----- | _ | 15 μεσόγαιαν | case | high | |
| 15 | μεσόγαιαν | μεσόγαιος | NOUN | N----A-S | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 ἐπιστρέψαντι | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, inland region. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἐπαναβάντι | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἐπαναβάντι | ἐπαναβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-D-S | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 προελθόντι | conj | high | Third coordinated member of the dative absolute. |
| 18 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N----A-P | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 17 ἐπαναβάντι | obl | medium | Measure accusative; masculine form is possible alongside the neuter measure usage. |
| 19 | ὡς | ὡς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 δέκα | advmod | high | Approximating adverb before numeral. |
| 20 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 18 σταδίους | nummod | high | Indeclinable cardinal numeral. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐρείπιά | punct | high | |
| 22 | Κυφάντων | Κύφαντα | PROPN | Ne----G-P | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 23 καλουμένων | obl | medium | Place-name in the genitive plural; dependent on καλουμένων. |
| 23 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-G-P | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 24 ἐρείπιά | acl | high | Genitive plural attributive participle agreeing with Κυφάντων; syntactically names the ruins. |
| 24 | ἐρείπιά | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N----N-P | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 25 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject of the existential clause. |
| 25 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential main verb; singular agrees with collective/location expression. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ αὐτοῖς σπήλαιον ἱερὸν Ἀσκληπιοῦ, λίθου δὲ τὸ ἄγαλμα.
Elliptical nominal clauses: σπήλαιον ἱερόν Ἀσκληπιοῦ follows ἐν αὐτοῖς; λίθου is a genitive of material with the elided/copular predicate ‘is made of stone’ modifying τὸ ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 σπήλαιον | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 σπήλαιον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 4 σπήλαιον | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐν. |
| 4 | σπήλαιον | σπήλαιον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Predicate nominal in an elliptical existential/copular clause. |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 σπήλαιον | amod | high | |
| 6 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 σπήλαιον | nmod | high | Genitive of association/dedication: ‘of Asclepius’. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 σπήλαιον | punct | high | |
| 8 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive of material, with the copula omitted. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the second elliptical clause. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 σπήλαιον | parataxis | medium | Subject of the second elliptical clause; coordinated/paratactic to the first nominal clause. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 σπήλαιον | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ὕδατος ψυχροῦ κρουνὸς ἐκβάλλων ἐκ πέτρας·
Existential ἔστι introduces κρουνός; the genitive phrase ὕδατος ψυχροῦ specifies the spring, and ἐκβάλλων agrees with κρουνός while taking ἐκ πέτρας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 κρουνὸς | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 κρουνὸς | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 κρουνὸς | advmod | high | Additive particle/adverb. |
| 4 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 κρουνὸς | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ψυχροῦ | ψυχρός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὕδατος | amod | high | |
| 6 | κρουνὸς | κρουνός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐκβάλλων | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 κρουνὸς | acl | high | Present active participle agreeing with κρουνός. |
| 8 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 πέτρας | case | high | |
| 9 | πέτρας | πέτρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐκβάλλων | obl | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 κρουνὸς | punct | high |
Ἀταλάντην θηρεύουσαν ἐνταῦθά φασιν, ὡς ἠνιᾶτο ὑπὸ δίψης, παῖσαι τῇ λόγχῃ τὴν πέτραν καὶ οὕτω ῥυῆναι τὸ ὕδωρ.
The sentence reports an accusative-infinitive construction after φασιν. Ἀταλάντην is the understood accusative subject of the infinitival report, while θηρεύουσαν is a predicative accusative participle; the ὡς-clause gives the cause for her striking the rock.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀταλάντην | Ἀταλάντη | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 θηρεύουσαν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive θηρεύουσαν? More likely accusative subject of the following infinitival construction, with θηρεύουσαν agreeing with it. |
| 2 | θηρεύουσαν | θηρεύω | VERB | PPart Act Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 φασιν | ccomp | medium | Predicative accusative participle in reported speech, coordinated conceptually with παῖσαι and ῥυῆναι. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | Adv | _ | 2 θηρεύουσαν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V- Präs Ind Akt 3 Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal/plural reporting verb governing the accusative-infinitive construction. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 4 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 ἠνιᾶτο | mark | high | Introduces the causal/content clause. |
| 7 | ἠνιᾶτο | ἀνιάω | VERB | V- Impf Ind Med 3 Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 11 παῖσαι | advcl | high | Imperfect middle, subject understood as Atalanta; causal clause modifying παῖσαι. |
| 8 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | Prep | _ | 9 δίψης | case | high | |
| 9 | δίψης | δίψα | NOUN | N- Gen Fem Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἠνιᾶτο | obl | high | Cause with ὑπό. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 7 ἠνιᾶτο | punct | high | |
| 11 | παῖσαι | παίω | VERB | V- Aor Act Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 φασιν | xcomp | high | Aorist infinitive in the reported accusative-infinitive sequence. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Art Dat Fem Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 λόγχῃ | det | high | |
| 13 | λόγχῃ | λόγχη | NOUN | N- Dat Fem Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παῖσαι | obl | high | Instrumental dative with παῖσαι. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 πέτραν | det | high | |
| 15 | πέτραν | πέτρα | NOUN | N- Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παῖσαι | obj | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 18 ῥυῆναι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitive with παῖσαι. |
| 17 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | Adv | _ | 18 ῥυῆναι | advmod | high | Manner/result adverb modifying ῥυῆναι. |
| 18 | ῥυῆναι | ῥέω | VERB | V- Aor Pass Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 11 παῖσαι | conj | high | Second infinitive coordinated with παῖσαι; passive/intransitive 'to flow'. |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art Nom Neut Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 20 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N- Nom Neut Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ῥυῆναι | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of the intransitive/passive infinitive ῥυῆναι. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 4 φασιν | punct | high |