Grammar parses for passage 3.25.1
Open translation for this passage
προελθόντι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ μνήματος ἐκδίδωσιν ἐς θάλασσαν ποταμός, ὄνομα δέ οἱ Σκύρας, ὅτι κατὰ τοῦτον ἀνώνυμον τέως ὄντα Πύρρος ὁ Ἀχιλλέως ἔσχε ταῖς ναυσίν, ἡνίκα ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑρμιόνης γάμον ἔπλευσεν ἐκ Σκύρου.
The main clause is ἐκδίδωσιν with ποταμός as subject; the naming clause and the explanatory ὅτι-clause are attached to the river/name construction. The opening dative participle προελθόντι is syntactically elliptical or context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προελθόντι | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐκδίδωσιν | advcl | medium | Dative circumstantial participle, likely agreeing with an implied/understood person or scene participant. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐκδίδωσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 μνήματος | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T- GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 μνήματος | det | high | |
| 5 | μνήματος | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 προελθόντι | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐκδίδωσιν | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 8 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκδίδωσιν | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐκδίδωσιν. |
| 9 | ποταμός | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκδίδωσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 Σκύρας | appos | medium | Predicative/appositional naming construction with Σκύρας. |
| 12 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Σκύρας | cc | high | |
| 13 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-D3MS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 Σκύρας | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possession: its name is Σκύρας. |
| 14 | Σκύρας | Σκύρας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ποταμός | parataxis | medium | Naming clause attached to ποταμός; form may reflect a proper-name nominative. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Σκύρας | punct | high | |
| 16 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ἔσχε | mark | high | Introduces explanatory clause. |
| 17 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 τοῦτον | case | high | |
| 18 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 25 ἔσχε | obl | medium | κατά with accusative, likely ‘along/by this [river]’. |
| 19 | ἀνώνυμον | ἀνώνυμος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ὄντα | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative adjective with ὄντα. |
| 20 | τέως | τέως | ADV | ADV | _ | 21 ὄντα | advmod | high | |
| 21 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ἔσχε | advcl | medium | Supplementary participle, accusative agreeing with Πύρρος. |
| 22 | Πύρρος | Πύρρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἔσχε | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 Ἀχιλλέως | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Πύρρος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival identification. |
| 25 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 14 Σκύρας | advcl | high | Aorist explanatory clause under ὅτι. |
| 26 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 ναυσίν | det | high | |
| 27 | ναυσίν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἔσχε | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἔσχε | punct | high | |
| 29 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 ἔπλευσεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 30 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 33 γάμον | case | high | ἐπί with accusative, ‘to/for’. |
| 31 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 γάμον | det | high | |
| 32 | Ἑρμιόνης | Ἑρμιόνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 γάμον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on γάμον. |
| 33 | γάμον | γάμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἔπλευσεν | obl | high | Goal/event complement of ἔπλευσεν. |
| 34 | ἔπλευσεν | πλέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 25 ἔσχε | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate clause under ἔσχε. |
| 35 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 36 Σκύρου | case | high | |
| 36 | Σκύρου | Σκύρος | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἔπλευσεν | obl | high | Point of departure. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high |
διαβάντων δὲ τὸν ποταμὸν ἔστιν ἱερὸν ἀρχαῖον ἀπωτέρω Διὸς βωμοῦ.
Genitive absolute διαβάντων δὲ τὸν ποταμόν precedes existential ἔστιν; ἀπωτέρω governs the genitive Διὸς βωμοῦ, meaning farther beyond the altar of Zeus.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαβάντων | διαβαίνω | VERB | VAAP-PGM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 5 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute subject is implicit/understood from the participial construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 διαβάντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 4 ποταμὸν | det | high | |
| 4 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 διαβάντων | obj | high | Accusative object of διαβάντων. |
| 5 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational predicate. |
| 6 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 5 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘a sanctuary’. |
| 7 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neut|Number=Singular | 6 ἱερὸν | amod | high | Agrees with substantivized ἱερόν. |
| 8 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπωτέρω | ADV | D--------- | Degree=Cmp | 5 ἔστιν | advmod | medium | Comparative adverb; construed with the following genitive phrase. |
| 9 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 10 βωμοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βωμοῦ. |
| 10 | βωμοῦ | βωμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 8 ἀπωτέρω | obl | medium | Genitive complement of comparative ἀπωτέρω. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔστιν | punct | high |
τοῦ ποταμοῦ δὲ σταδίους τεσσαράκοντα ἀπέχει Πύρριχος ἐν μεσογαίᾳ.
Πύρριχος is the subject of ἀπέχει; τοῦ ποταμοῦ is a genitive of reference/separation, and σταδίους τεσσαράκοντα is the accusative measure of distance. ἐν μεσογαίᾳ is a locative prepositional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ποταμοῦ | det | high | |
| 2 | ποταμοῦ | ποταμός | NOUN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπέχει | obl | medium | Genitive of reference/separation with ἀπέχει. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἀπέχει | cc | high | |
| 4 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N----PMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀπέχει | obj | high | Accusative of extent or distance. |
| 5 | τεσσαράκοντα | τεσσαράκοντα | NUM | M-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 σταδίους | nummod | medium | Cardinal numeral agreeing with στάδιους; indeclinable in form. |
| 6 | ἀπέχει | ἀπέχω | VERB | V-PIA-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | Πύρριχος | Πύρριχος | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπέχει | nsubj | high | Place-name functioning as the subject. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 μεσογαίᾳ | case | high | |
| 9 | μεσογαίᾳ | μεσόγαιος | NOUN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀπέχει | obl | high | Dative locative governed by ἐν. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀπέχει | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ὄνομα τῇ πόλει γενέσθαι φασὶν ἀπὸ Πύρρου τοῦ Ἀχιλλέως, οἱ δὲ εἶναι θεὸν Πύρριχον τῶν καλουμένων
The sentence contrasts two reported explanations under φασίν: the city's name deriving from Pyrrhus, and Pyrrichus being a god; the final genitive participial phrase is elliptical and syntactically somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 φασὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | NB | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλει | det | high | |
| 5 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | NF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γενέσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/recipient with γενέσθαι. |
| 6 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitive dependent on φασίν. |
| 7 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Πύρρου | case | high | |
| 9 | Πύρρου | Πύρρος | PROPN | NE | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Genitive object of ἀπό. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἀχιλλέως | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | NE | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πύρρου | appos | high | Apposition identifying Πύρρου. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | RP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Substantival article/pronoun, ‘some say’; elliptical subject of εἶναι. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 εἶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Coordinated infinitive dependent on φασίν. |
| 16 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | NB | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate with εἶναι. |
| 17 | Πύρριχον | Πύρριχος | PROPN | NE | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 θεὸν | appos | high | Name in apposition to θεόν. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 καλουμένων | det | high | |
| 19 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 Πύρριχον | nmod | medium | Substantivized genitive participle; exact ellipsis/attachment is uncertain. |