Grammar parses for passage 3.26.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐς Θαλάμας δὲ ἐξ Οἰτύλου μῆκος τῆς ὁδοῦ στάδιοι περὶ τοὺς ὀγδοήκοντά εἰσι, κατὰ δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ἱερόν ἐστιν Ἰνοῦς καὶ μαντεῖον.
Two coordinated clauses: the first predicates a distance (στάδιοι ... εἰσι) from ἐς Θαλάμας, while the second predicates a shrine and oracle along the road. The phrase μῆκος τῆς ὁδοῦ is an accusative-of-respect/distance expression; Ἰνοῦς is a genitive dependent on ἱερόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 2 Θαλάμας | case | high | |
| 2 | Θαλάμας | Θαλάμαι | PROPN | N--PAI | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 στάδιοι | obl | high | Destination governed by ἐς. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 εἰσι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 Οἰτύλου | case | high | |
| 5 | Οἰτύλου | Οἴτυλος | PROPN | N--GSI | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἰσι | obl | high | Point of departure governed by ἐξ. |
| 6 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 στάδιοι | nmod | medium | Distance expression; syntactically associated with στάδιοι. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὁδοῦ | det | high | |
| 8 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μῆκος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μῆκος. |
| 9 | στάδιοι | στάδιον | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Measure noun, subject of εἰσι. |
| 10 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 12 ὀγδοήκοντά | advmod | medium | Approximation marker with τοὺς ὀγδοήκοντα; parser-style attachment to the numeral phrase. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA--APM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ὀγδοήκοντά | det | high | |
| 12 | ὀγδοήκοντά | ὀγδοήκοντα | NUM | M--APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 στάδιοι | nummod | medium | Accusative numeral in the measure expression; περὶ marks approximation. |
| 13 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἰσι | punct | high | |
| 15 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 18 ὁδὸν | case | high | |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 20 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predication. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὁδὸν | det | high | |
| 18 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστιν | obl | high | Location/path phrase governed by κατά. |
| 19 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the existential/predicative ἐστιν. |
| 20 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 εἰσι | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predication. |
| 21 | Ἰνοῦς | Ἰνώ | PROPN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἱερόν | nmod | medium | Genitive of the deity to whom the shrine belongs; orthographic form is retained. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 23 μαντεῖον | cc | high | |
| 23 | μαντεῖον | μαντεῖον | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἱερόν | conj | high | Coordinated nominative predicate/subject noun with ἱερόν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἰσι | punct | high |
μαντεύονται μὲν οὖν καθεύδοντες, ὁπόσα δʼ ἂν πυθέσθαι δεηθῶσιν, ὀνείρατα δείκνυσί σφισιν ἡ θεός.
The main verb μαντεύονται is middle/deponent; καθεύδοντες is a circumstantial participle. The relative ὁπόσα introduces an indefinite object/content clause, with ἂν and the subjunctive πυθέσθαι δεηθῶσιν; πυθέσθαι is an infinitive dependent on δεηθῶσιν, while ὀνείρατα is the object of δείκνυσι and σφισιν its dative recipient.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μαντεύονται | μαντεύομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Deponent/middle, ‘they receive oracles/consult the oracle’. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 1 μαντεύονται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, balanced by οὖν. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | G- | _ | 1 μαντεύονται | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | καθεύδοντες | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 μαντεύονται | advcl | high | Circumstantial nominative participle agreeing with understood subject. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μαντεύονται | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | A--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 δεηθῶσιν | obj | medium | Neuter plural relative form, understood as the content/things about which they may need to inquire; syntactic attachment is somewhat compressed. |
| 7 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 10 δεηθῶσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 8 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | G- | _ | 10 δεηθῶσιν | advmod | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 9 | πυθέσθαι | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 10 δεηθῶσιν | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, dependent on δεηθῶσιν: ‘to learn/inquire’. |
| 10 | δεηθῶσιν | δέομαι | VERB | V-APS-3P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 13 δείκνυσί | advcl | medium | Aorist passive-form subjunctive of δέομαι, in the ὁπόσα...ἄν conditional/indefinite construction; semantically ‘should need’. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δείκνυσί | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὀνείρατα | ὄνειρον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 δείκνυσί | obj | high | Direct object of δείκνυσι. |
| 13 | δείκνυσί | δείκνυμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 μαντεύονται | conj | high | Main verb of the second coordinated proposition; final accent reflects enclitic attachment. |
| 14 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 δείκνυσί | iobj | high | Dative recipient, ‘to them’. |
| 15 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 θεός | det | high | |
| 16 | θεός | θεός | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δείκνυσί | nsubj | high | Feminine θεός, ‘the goddess’. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μαντεύονται | punct | high |
χαλκᾶ δὲ ἕστηκεν ἀγάλματα ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ τοῦ ἱεροῦ, τῆς τε Πασιφάης καὶ Ἡλίου τὸ ἕτερον·
The sentence is syntactically compressed: ἕστηκεν takes ἀγάλματα, while τῆς τε Πασιφάης καὶ Ἡλίου specifies the figures and τὸ ἕτερον is substantivized (‘the other’); attachment of the latter is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χαλκᾶ | χάλκεος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἀγάλματα | amod | medium | Predicative/depictive adjective agreeing with ἀγάλματα; form is poetic/contracted. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἕστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RIA3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect with stative meaning, ‘stands/is standing’. |
| 4 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἕστηκεν | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ὑπαίθρῳ | case | high | |
| 6 | ὑπαίθρῳ | ὕπαιθρος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἕστηκεν | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 8 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὑπαίθρῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὑπαίθρῳ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἕστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Πασιφάης | det | high | |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Πασιφάης | cc | high | Correlative τε, pairing the two genitive names. |
| 12 | Πασιφάης | Πασιφάη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἕτερον | nmod | medium | Genitive in the coordinated specification of the figures. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Ἡλίου | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ἡλίου | ἥλιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πασιφάης | conj | medium | Second coordinated genitive name; syntactic attachment is somewhat compressed. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἕτερον | det | high | |
| 16 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἕστηκεν | conj | low | Substantivized ‘the other’; elliptical coordination/contrast with the first figure and syntactically compressed. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἕστηκεν | punct | high |
αὐτὸ δὲ τὸ ἐν τῷ ναῷ σαφῶς μὲν οὐκ ἦν ἰδεῖν ὑπὸ στεφανωμάτων, χαλκοῦν δὲ καὶ τοῦτο εἶναι λέγουσι.
The first clause has an extraposed/accusative subject αὐτὸ τὸ ἐν τῷ ναῷ, with ἰδεῖν as an infinitive of perception/possibility governed by an understood impersonal construction; λέγουσι takes the coordinated infinitival complement χαλκοῦν ... εἶναι. The neuter χαλκοῦν is predicative to τοῦτο/αὐτό.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-S--NAI-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 11 ἰδεῖν | obj | medium | Accusative neuter subject/object-like constituent of the infinitival construction; refers to the object in the temple. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 16 δὲ | cc | high | Postpositive connective coordinating the two clauses. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | -----N-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ναῷ | det | high | Article substantivizing the following prepositional phrase. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | -------- | _ | 6 ναῷ | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ ναῷ. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | -----D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ναῷ | det | high | Article agreeing with ναῷ. |
| 6 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 τὸ | obl | high | Object of ἐν; the phrase τὸ ἐν τῷ ναῷ functions substantivally. |
| 7 | σαφῶς | σαφῶς | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 11 ἰδεῖν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the infinitive ἰδεῖν. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 11 ἰδεῖν | discourse | high | First member of the μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 9 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | -------- | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἰδεῖν | advmod | high | Negates ἰδεῖν. |
| 10 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 11 ἰδεῖν | aux | medium | Imperfect εἰμί in an impersonal periphrastic/possibility construction with ἰδεῖν. |
| 11 | ἰδεῖν | ὁράω | VERB | V--ANA-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 20 λέγουσι | ccomp | medium | Aorist infinitive, coordinated semantically with εἶναι as a complement of λέγουσι; αὐτὸ τὸ ἐν τῷ ναῷ is its accusative constituent. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | -------- | _ | 13 στεφανωμάτων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive στεφανωμάτων, expressing obstruction or concealment. |
| 13 | στεφανωμάτων | στεφάνωμα | NOUN | N--GPN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἰδεῖν | obl | high | Genitive object of ὑπό; plural wreath-like coverings/ornaments. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 15 | χαλκοῦν | χάλκεος | ADJ | A--NAN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative neuter predicate adjective with εἶναι, agreeing with τοῦτο. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 20 λέγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective marking the second contrastive clause. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 18 τοῦτο | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, meaning also/even, modifying τοῦτο or the predication. |
| 18 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-S--NAI-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PNAI-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Present infinitive complement of λέγουσι; χαλκοῦν is its predicate. |
| 20 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V3PPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, with coordinated infinitival complements ἰδεῖν and εἶναι. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 λέγουσι | punct | high |
Σελήνης δὲ ἐπίκλησις καὶ οὐ Θαλαμάταις ἐπιχώριος δαίμων ἐστὶν ἡ Πασιφάη.
The sentence is an identificational copular clause: ἡ Πασιφάη is ‘the epithet of Selene’ and ‘a daemon not native to the Thalamataeans’; the coordination and nominal predicate attachment are somewhat ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σελήνης | σελήνη | NOUN | N-gen-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπίκλησις | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 δαίμων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπίκλησις | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-nom-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 δαίμων | nsubj | medium | Nominal predicate subject: ‘the epithet/invocation of Selene’. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 δαίμων | cc | high | Coordinates the two nominal predicates. |
| 5 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἐπιχώριος | advmod | high | Negates ἐπιχώριος. |
| 6 | Θαλαμάταις | Θαλαμάται | PROPN | N-dat-pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐπιχώριος | obl | medium | Dative of reference: ‘among/to the Thalamataeans’; ethnonym form is morphologically somewhat uncertain. |
| 7 | ἐπιχώριος | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-nom-sg-fem | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 δαίμων | conj | high | Second coordinated nominal predicate, agreeing with ἡ Πασιφάη. |
| 8 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-nom-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of copular clause; coordinated nominal predicates are ἐπίκλησις and ἐπιχώριος δαίμων. |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-pres-act-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-nom-sg-fem | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Πασιφάη | det | high | |
| 11 | Πασιφάη | Πασιφάη | PROPN | N-nom-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 δαίμων | nsubj | medium | Postposed/identificational subject of the copular clause; construed with the predicate nouns. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high |