Grammar parses for passage 3.26.3
Open translation for this passage
ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ νησῖδι ἀγάλματα Διοσκούρων χαλκᾶ μέγεθος ποδιαῖα ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ τῆς νησῖδός ἐστιν·
The sentence is existential/copular: ‘In this islet are bronze statues of the Dioscuri, a foot in size, in the open air of the islet.’ The measure phrase μέγεθος ποδιαῖα is interpreted as a predicative/measure adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 νησῖδι | case | high | |
| 2 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | PD----DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 νησῖδι | det | high | |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 νησῖδι | det | high | |
| 4 | νησῖδι | νησῖς | NOUN | N----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | obl | high | |
| 5 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | |
| 7 | χαλκᾶ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγάλματα | amod | high | |
| 8 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | N----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ποδιαῖα | obl | medium | Predicative measure expression: ‘a foot in size’; exact syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | ποδιαῖα | ποδιαῖος | ADJ | A----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀγάλματα | amod | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ὑπαίθρῳ | case | high | |
| 11 | ὑπαίθρῳ | ὕπαιθρος | NOUN | N----DNS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | obl | high | |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 νησῖδός | det | high | |
| 13 | νησῖδός | νησῖς | NOUN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὑπαίθρῳ | nmod | high | |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V- לכל? | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Clitic form of εἰμί; plural neuter subject with singular copula is normal. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ταῦτα ἡ θάλασσα ἀποκινεῖν οὐκ ἐθέλει κατακλύζουσα ὥρᾳ χειμῶνος τὴν πέτραν.
The infinitive ἀποκινεῖν is the complement of ἐθέλει; ταῦτα is its object, while κατακλύζουσα agrees with θάλασσα and ὥρᾳ χειμῶνος is a temporal dative phrase. The idiom is somewhat difficult because κατακλύζω is transitive and the participle may describe the sea’s action while it refuses to move the rock.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD----PA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἀποκινεῖν | obj | high | Accusative neuter plural demonstrative, object of ἀποκινεῖν. |
| 2 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | DA--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 θάλασσα | det | high | |
| 3 | θάλασσα | θάλασσα | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κατακλύζουσα | nsubj | high | Subject of the circumstantial participle κατακλύζουσα; semantically also the subject of ἐθέλει. |
| 4 | ἀποκινεῖν | ἀποκινέω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐθέλει | xcomp | high | Present active infinitive complement of ἐθέλει. |
| 5 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 ἐθέλει | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἐθέλει | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | κατακλύζουσα | κατακλύζω | VERB | V-PPA-NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐθέλει | advcl | medium | Circumstantial present participle agreeing with θάλασσα; exact semantic relation to the finite clause is somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | ὥρᾳ | ὥρα | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κατακλύζουσα | obl | medium | Temporal dative, ‘in the season/time’; may modify κατακλύζουσα or the finite predication. |
| 9 | χειμῶνος | χειμών | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ὥρᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὥρᾳ, ‘of winter’. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 πέτραν | det | high | |
| 11 | πέτραν | πέτρα | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κατακλύζουσα | obj | high | Accusative object of κατακλύζουσα; alternatively, the syntax may reflect a looser coordination of verbal ideas. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐθέλει | punct | high |
τοῦτό τε δὴ θαῦμά ἐστι καὶ οἱ μύρμηκες αὐτόθι λευκότερον ἢ ὡς μυρμήκων τὸ χρῶμα φαίνουσι.
The second clause coordinates with the copular clause; λευκότερον is an adverbial neuter comparative, and ὡς μυρμήκων τὸ χρῶμα φαίνουσι supplies the comparative standard.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτό | οὗτος | PRON | PD--NN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Coordinating conjunction | _ | 1 τοῦτό | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator linking this clause with the following clause. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G------ | _ | 4 θαῦμά | discourse | high | |
| 4 | θαῦμά | θαῦμα | NOUN | Nb--NN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/predicative complement with εἰμί. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 16 φαίνουσι | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-----MN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μύρμηκες | det | high | |
| 8 | μύρμηκες | μύρμηξ | NOUN | Nb--MN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 φαίνουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | D-------- | AdvType=Loc | 16 φαίνουσι | advmod | high | |
| 10 | λευκότερον | λευκός | ADJ | A--NSN-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 φαίνουσι | advmod | medium | Neuter comparative adverbial predicate/measure modifying φαίνουσι. |
| 11 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 12 ὡς | cc | medium | Introduces the comparative standard clause. |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 16 φαίνουσι | mark | medium | Comparative/subordinating conjunction in the standard construction. |
| 13 | μυρμήκων | μύρμηξ | NOUN | Nb--GP-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 χρῶμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on χρῶμα. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-----NN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 χρῶμα | det | high | |
| 15 | χρῶμα | χρῶμα | NOUN | Nb--NN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 φαίνουσι | nsubj | medium | Subject of φαίνουσι in the comparative clause; surface ambiguity with an accusative reading is resolved syntactically. |
| 16 | φαίνουσι | φαίνω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστι | conj | medium | Finite verb coordinated with ἐστι; understood comparative complement is λευκότερον. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high |
τὴν δὲ χώραν οἱ Μεσσήνιοι ταύτην αὑτῶν φασιν εἶναι τὸ ἀρχαῖον, ὥστε καὶ τοὺς Διοσκούρους μᾶλλόν τι αὑτοῖς καὶ οὐ Λακεδαιμονίοις προσήκειν νομίζουσιν.
The first clause has an accusative subject/object construction with φασιν εἶναι: τὴν χώραν is the subject of εἶναι, ταύτην is predicative, and αὑτῶν is possessive. The ὥστε clause is consecutive in sense, with τοὺς Διοσκούρους as the subject of προσήκειν and αὑτοῖς as its dative complement; νομίζουσιν governs the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 χώραν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 8 φασιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | D-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Μεσσήνιοι | det | high | |
| 5 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 φασιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φασιν and νομίζουσιν. |
| 6 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with εἶναι. |
| 7 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | PX-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 3 χώραν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, referring to the Messenians. |
| 8 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 φασιν | ccomp | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | D-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 εἶναι | advmod | medium | Substantivized temporal accusative, ‘in ancient times’; analyzed adverbially. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | C- | _ | 24 νομίζουσιν | mark | high | Introduces a consecutive/result infinitival clause. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 17 μᾶλλόν | advmod | high | Emphatic ‘also/even’. |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | D-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Διοσκούρους | det | high | |
| 16 | Διοσκούρους | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 προσήκειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of προσήκειν. |
| 17 | μᾶλλόν | μᾶλλον | ADV | D- | Degree=Cmp | 23 προσήκειν | advmod | high | |
| 18 | τι | τις | PART | X- | _ | 17 μᾶλλόν | advmod | medium | Indefinite particle reinforcing μᾶλλον. |
| 19 | αὑτοῖς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | PX-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 23 προσήκειν | iobj | high | Dative complement of προσήκειν. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 22 Λακεδαιμονίοις | cc | high | Coordinates the second dative complement. |
| 21 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D- | Polarity=Neg | 23 προσήκειν | advmod | high | |
| 22 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 προσήκειν | iobj | high | Contrasted dative complement of προσήκειν. |
| 23 | προσήκειν | προσήκω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by νομίζουσιν. |
| 24 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 φασιν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb sharing subject Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασιν | punct | high |