Grammar parses for passage 3.4.2
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ ἡμάρτανε τῆς ἐλπίδος καὶ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι περὶ τῆς ἐλευθερίας ἐμαχέσαντο ἐρρωμένως, ἐνταῦθα ὁ Κλεομένης ἄλλα τε ἐδῄωσε τῆς χώρας καὶ τῆς καλουμένης Ὀργάδος θεῶν τε τῶν ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι ἱερᾶς, καὶ ταύτης τεμεῖν φασιν αὐτόν.
Conditional temporal clause headed by ὡς; ἡμάρτανε takes genitive τῆς ἐλπίδος, while the coordinated main clause has Κλεομένης as subject. The final infinitive is an accusative-and-infinitive report with ταύτης as its object and αὐτόν as the reported subject; ἐδῄωσε and the coordination of its objects are somewhat textually difficult.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 3 ἡμάρτανε | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἡμάρτανε | ἁμαρτάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Subordinate finite verb; root assignment is provisional because the following coordinated main clause is syntactically central. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐλπίδος | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐλπίδος | ἐλπίς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἡμάρτανε | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἁμαρτάνω. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | cc | high | |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Ἀθηναῖοι | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 11 ἐλευθερίας | case | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐλευθερίας | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐλευθερίας | ἐλευθερία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Object of περί in the sense ‘concerning/for’. |
| 12 | ἐμαχέσαντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Mid | 3 ἡμάρτανε | conj | medium | Coordinated finite clause; semantically the principal clause of the ὡς construction. |
| 13 | ἐρρωμένως | ἐρρωμένως | ADV | D | _ | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | advmod | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 20 ἐδῄωσε | advmod | high | Consecutive/discourse adverb, ‘then/thereupon’. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Κλεομένης | det | high | |
| 17 | Κλεομένης | Κλεομένης | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐδῄωσε | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | PRON | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἐδῄωσε | obj | high | Substantivized adjective; coordinated object with τῆς χώρας. |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 20 ἐδῄωσε | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἐδῄωσε | δηιόω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 12 ἐμαχέσαντο | conj | medium | Rare/variant form; analyzed as aorist active finite verb, with ἄλλα and the following genitive phrase treated as coordinated complements. |
| 21 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 χώρας | det | high | |
| 22 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐδῄωσε | obl | medium | Genitive complement; exact semantic relation to ἐδῄωσε is uncertain. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 32 ἱερᾶς | cc | high | |
| 24 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 καλουμένης | det | high | |
| 25 | καλουμένης | καλέω | VERB | V-PMP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 Ὀργάδος | amod | high | Adjectival participle modifying Ὀργάδος. |
| 26 | Ὀργάδος | Ὀργάς | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 χώρας | conj | medium | Proper place-name; spelling and inflection are textually/lexically uncertain. |
| 27 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἱερᾶς | nmod | high | Dependent genitive, ‘of the gods’. |
| 28 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C | _ | 32 ἱερᾶς | cc | high | |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 Ἐλευσῖνι | det | high | |
| 30 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 31 Ἐλευσῖνι | case | high | |
| 31 | Ἐλευσῖνι | Ἐλευσίς | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ἱερᾶς | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 32 | ἱερᾶς | ἱερός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 χώρας | conj | low | Likely coordinated genitive complement, with θεῶν τῶν ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι depending on it; the coordination is difficult. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐδῄωσε | punct | high | |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 37 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 35 | ταύτης | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 τεμεῖν | obj | high | Genitive object of τεμεῖν, referring to the sacred precinct/land just mentioned. |
| 36 | τεμεῖν | τέμνω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 37 φασιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech, selected by φασιν. |
| 37 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 ἐδῄωσε | conj | high | Parenthetical/reporting verb; governs accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 38 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | RP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 τεμεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive τεμεῖν. |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐδῄωσε | punct | high |
ἀφίκετο δὲ καὶ ἐς Αἴγιναν, καὶ Αἰγινητῶν τοὺς δυνατοὺς συνελάμβανεν ὅσοι μηδισμοῦ τε αὐτῶν μετέσχον καὶ βασιλεῖ Δαρείῳ τῷ Ὑστάσπου γῆν δοῦναι καὶ ὕδωρ τοὺς πολίτας ἔπεισαν.
The relative clause headed by ὅσοι modifies τοὺς δυνατούς; its coordinated predicates μετέσχον and ἔπεισαν describe the men who participated in medism and persuaded the citizens to surrender earth and water. The embedded infinitives δοῦναι are coordinated complements of ἔπεισαν; Δαρείῳ is dative with βασιλεῖ, while τῷ Ὑστάσπου is an attributive patronymic phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | Coordinates the second destination/event frame. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Αἴγιναν | case | high | |
| 5 | Αἴγιναν | Αἴγινα | PROPN | N-AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 συνελάμβανεν | cc | high | |
| 8 | Αἰγινητῶν | Αἰγινήτης | PROPN | N-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 δυνατοὺς | nmod | high | Partitive/possessive genitive with τοὺς δυνατούς. |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 δυνατοὺς | det | high | |
| 10 | δυνατοὺς | δυνατός | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 συνελάμβανεν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 11 | συνελάμβανεν | συλλαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 1 ἀφίκετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; subject is implicit. |
| 12 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 μετέσχον | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun with quantitative force, subject of both relative predicates. |
| 13 | μηδισμοῦ | μηδισμός | NOUN | N-GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 μετέσχον | obl | medium | Genitive with μετέχω; lexical sense is medism/Medizing. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 μετέσχον | cc | high | Correlates with καὶ at token 17. |
| 15 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GM-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 μηδισμοῦ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on μηδισμοῦ, ‘their medism’. |
| 16 | μετέσχον | μετέχω | VERB | V-2AAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 συνελάμβανεν | acl:relcl | high | First predicate of the relative clause. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 ἔπεισαν | cc | high | Coordinates ἔπεισαν with μετέσχον. |
| 18 | βασιλεῖ | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-DM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 δοῦναι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/addressee with δοῦναι. |
| 19 | Δαρείῳ | Δαρεῖος | PROPN | N-DM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 βασιλεῖ | appos | high | |
| 20 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Ὑστάσπου | det | high | |
| 21 | Ὑστάσπου | Ὑστάσπης | PROPN | N-GM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Δαρείῳ | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Hystaspes’; article is substantival/attributive. |
| 22 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 δοῦναι | obj | high | |
| 23 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 28 ἔπεισαν | xcomp | high | First coordinated infinitive complement of ἔπεισαν. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 δοῦναι | cc | high | Coordinates ὕδωρ with γῆν. |
| 25 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-AN-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 δοῦναι | obj | high | Second object in the coordinated earth-and-water phrase. |
| 26 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 πολίτας | det | high | |
| 27 | πολίτας | πολίτης | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἔπεισαν | obj | high | Object of ἔπεισαν; subject of the infinitive δοῦναι by accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 28 | ἔπεισαν | πείθω | VERB | V-AAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 συνελάμβανεν | conj | high | Second predicate of the relative clause; subject ὅσοι. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |