Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 3.4.2

← 3.4.1 3.4.3 →

Passage 3.4.2

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3sentences parsed

106Greek tokens

2,819input tokens

7,572output tokens

Sentence 1

3.4.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 38
Input: 986
Output: 2,630
Total: 3,616

ἐστράτευσε δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ Ἀθήνας, τὸ μὲν πρότερον Ἀθηναίοις τε ἐλευθερίαν ἀπὸ τῶν Πεισιστράτου παίδων καὶ αὑτῷ καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις δόξαν ἐν τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἀγαθὴν κτώμενος, ὕστερον δὲ Ἀθηναίου χάριτι ἀνδρὸς Ἰσαγόρου τυραννίδα οἱ συγκατεργασόμενος Ἀθηνῶν.

The participles κτώμενος and συγκατεργασόμενος are coordinated circumstantial predicates under ἐστράτευσε; the latter has a future middle form and takes τυραννίδα as object and οἱ as beneficiary.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐστράτευσε	στρατεύω	VERB	V-3SAAI	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Singular\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐστράτευσε	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐστράτευσε	cc	high
4	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	5 Ἀθήνας	case	high
5	Ἀθήνας	Ἀθῆναι	PROPN	N-AFP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 ἐστράτευσε	obl	high
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐστράτευσε	punct	high
7	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 πρότερον	det	high	Article substantivizes the temporal phrase τὸ πρότερον.
8	μὲν	μέν	PART	PRT	_	9 πρότερον	discourse	high
9	πρότερον	πρότερος	ADV	ADV	_	26 κτώμενος	advmod	high	Substantivized temporal adverbial phrase with τὸ.
10	Ἀθηναίοις	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἐλευθερίαν	iobj	high
11	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 Ἀθηναίοις	cc	high	First member of τε...καί coordination.
12	ἐλευθερίαν	ἐλευθερία	NOUN	N-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 κτώμενος	obj	high
13	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	PREP	_	16 παίδων	case	high
14	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 παίδων	det	high
15	Πεισιστράτου	Πεισίστρατος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 παίδων	nmod	high	Dependent genitive within τῶν ... παίδων.
16	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἐλευθερίαν	nmod	high	Genitive of separation/source with ἐλευθερίαν.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 αὑτῷ	cc	high	Coordinates the dative recipients/beneficiaries.
18	αὑτῷ	ἑαυτοῦ	PRON	P-3DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Reflex=Yes	21 δόξαν	iobj	high
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	20 Λακεδαιμονίοις	cc	high	Coordinates the dative recipients/beneficiaries.
20	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 αὑτῷ	conj	high
21	δόξαν	δόξα	NOUN	N-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 κτώμενος	obj	high	Second coordinated object of κτώμενος.
22	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	24 Ἕλλησιν	case	high
23	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 Ἕλλησιν	det	high
24	Ἕλλησιν	Ἕλλην	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 δόξαν	obl	high
25	ἀγαθὴν	ἀγαθός	ADJ	A-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 δόξαν	amod	high
26	κτώμενος	κτάομαι	VERB	V-PMPNSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Present\|Voice=Middle	1 ἐστράτευσε	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle, coordinated temporal phases marked by πρότερον/ὕστερον.
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	26 κτώμενος	punct	high
28	ὕστερον	ὕστερος	ADV	ADV	_	36 συγκατεργασόμενος	advmod	high	Subsequent temporal phase; contrasts with τὸ πρότερον.
29	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	28 ὕστερον	cc	high
30	Ἀθηναίου	Ἀθηναῖος	ADJ	A-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	32 ἀνδρὸς	amod	high
31	χάριτι	χάρις	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	36 συγκατεργασόμενος	obl	medium	Dative with χάριτι, likely expressing circumstance/occasion: through the favor of an Athenian.
32	ἀνδρὸς	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	31 χάριτι	nmod	high
33	Ἰσαγόρου	Ἰσαγόρας	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	32 ἀνδρὸς	nmod	high	Name in apposition/specification to ἀνδρός.
34	τυραννίδα	τυραννίς	NOUN	N-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	36 συγκατεργασόμενος	obj	high
35	οἱ	ὁ	PRON	P-3DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3	36 συγκατεργασόμενος	iobj	high	Dative pronoun referring to the main subject; beneficiary of συγκατεργασόμενος.
36	συγκατεργασόμενος	συγκατεργάζομαι	VERB	V-FMPNSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Future\|Voice=Middle	26 κτώμενος	conj	high	Coordinated/contrasted circumstantial participle with κτώμενος.
37	Ἀθηνῶν	Ἀθῆναι	PROPN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	34 τυραννίδα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on τυραννίδα: tyranny of Athens.
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐστράτευσε	punct	high

Sentence 2

3.4.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 39
Input: 970
Output: 2,751
Total: 3,721

ὡς δὲ ἡμάρτανε τῆς ἐλπίδος καὶ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι περὶ τῆς ἐλευθερίας ἐμαχέσαντο ἐρρωμένως, ἐνταῦθα ὁ Κλεομένης ἄλλα τε ἐδῄωσε τῆς χώρας καὶ τῆς καλουμένης Ὀργάδος θεῶν τε τῶν ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι ἱερᾶς, καὶ ταύτης τεμεῖν φασιν αὐτόν.

Conditional temporal clause headed by ὡς; ἡμάρτανε takes genitive τῆς ἐλπίδος, while the coordinated main clause has Κλεομένης as subject. The final infinitive is an accusative-and-infinitive report with ταύτης as its object and αὐτόν as the reported subject; ἐδῄωσε and the coordination of its objects are somewhat textually difficult.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C	_	3 ἡμάρτανε	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	cc	high
3	ἡμάρτανε	ἁμαρτάνω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Subordinate finite verb; root assignment is provisional because the following coordinated main clause is syntactically central.
4	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἐλπίδος	det	high
5	ἐλπίδος	ἐλπίς	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἡμάρτανε	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἁμαρτάνω.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	cc	high
7	οἱ	ὁ	DET	RA-NMP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 Ἀθηναῖοι	det	high
8	Ἀθηναῖοι	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	A-NMP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	nsubj	high
9	περὶ	περί	ADP	P	_	11 ἐλευθερίας	case	high
10	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἐλευθερίας	det	high
11	ἐλευθερίας	ἐλευθερία	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	obl	high	Object of περί in the sense ‘concerning/for’.
12	ἐμαχέσαντο	μάχομαι	VERB	V-AMI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Mid	3 ἡμάρτανε	conj	medium	Coordinated finite clause; semantically the principal clause of the ὡς construction.
13	ἐρρωμένως	ἐρρωμένως	ADV	D	_	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	advmod	high
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	punct	high
15	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D	_	20 ἐδῄωσε	advmod	high	Consecutive/discourse adverb, ‘then/thereupon’.
16	ὁ	ὁ	DET	RA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 Κλεομένης	det	high
17	Κλεομένης	Κλεομένης	PROPN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐδῄωσε	nsubj	high
18	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	PRON	A-NPN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	20 ἐδῄωσε	obj	high	Substantivized adjective; coordinated object with τῆς χώρας.
19	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	20 ἐδῄωσε	cc	high
20	ἐδῄωσε	δηιόω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Act	12 ἐμαχέσαντο	conj	medium	Rare/variant form; analyzed as aorist active finite verb, with ἄλλα and the following genitive phrase treated as coordinated complements.
21	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 χώρας	det	high
22	χώρας	χώρα	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἐδῄωσε	obl	medium	Genitive complement; exact semantic relation to ἐδῄωσε is uncertain.
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	32 ἱερᾶς	cc	high
24	τῆς	ὁ	DET	RA-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 καλουμένης	det	high
25	καλουμένης	καλέω	VERB	V-PMP-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 Ὀργάδος	amod	high	Adjectival participle modifying Ὀργάδος.
26	Ὀργάδος	Ὀργάς	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 χώρας	conj	medium	Proper place-name; spelling and inflection are textually/lexically uncertain.
27	θεῶν	θεός	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	32 ἱερᾶς	nmod	high	Dependent genitive, ‘of the gods’.
28	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	32 ἱερᾶς	cc	high
29	τῶν	ὁ	DET	RA-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	31 Ἐλευσῖνι	det	high
30	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	31 Ἐλευσῖνι	case	high
31	Ἐλευσῖνι	Ἐλευσίς	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	32 ἱερᾶς	obl	high	Locative dative with ἐν.
32	ἱερᾶς	ἱερός	ADJ	A-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 χώρας	conj	low	Likely coordinated genitive complement, with θεῶν τῶν ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι depending on it; the coordination is difficult.
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐδῄωσε	punct	high
34	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	37 φασιν	cc	high
35	ταύτης	οὗτος	PRON	RD-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	36 τεμεῖν	obj	high	Genitive object of τεμεῖν, referring to the sacred precinct/land just mentioned.
36	τεμεῖν	τέμνω	VERB	V-2AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Act	37 φασιν	xcomp	high	Infinitive in reported speech, selected by φασιν.
37	φασιν	φημί	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	20 ἐδῄωσε	conj	high	Parenthetical/reporting verb; governs accusative-and-infinitive construction.
38	αὐτόν	αὐτός	PRON	RP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	36 τεμεῖν	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive τεμεῖν.
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐδῄωσε	punct	high

Sentence 3

3.4.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 29
Input: 863
Output: 2,191
Total: 3,054

ἀφίκετο δὲ καὶ ἐς Αἴγιναν, καὶ Αἰγινητῶν τοὺς δυνατοὺς συνελάμβανεν ὅσοι μηδισμοῦ τε αὐτῶν μετέσχον καὶ βασιλεῖ Δαρείῳ τῷ Ὑστάσπου γῆν δοῦναι καὶ ὕδωρ τοὺς πολίτας ἔπεισαν.

The relative clause headed by ὅσοι modifies τοὺς δυνατούς; its coordinated predicates μετέσχον and ἔπεισαν describe the men who participated in medism and persuaded the citizens to surrender earth and water. The embedded infinitives δοῦναι are coordinated complements of ἔπεισαν; Δαρείῳ is dative with βασιλεῖ, while τῷ Ὑστάσπου is an attributive patronymic phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀφίκετο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-AI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀφίκετο	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀφίκετο	cc	high	Coordinates the second destination/event frame.
4	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	5 Αἴγιναν	case	high
5	Αἴγιναν	Αἴγινα	PROPN	N-AF-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἀφίκετο	obl	high	Destination with ἐς.
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀφίκετο	punct	high
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 συνελάμβανεν	cc	high
8	Αἰγινητῶν	Αἰγινήτης	PROPN	N-GP	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 δυνατοὺς	nmod	high	Partitive/possessive genitive with τοὺς δυνατούς.
9	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 δυνατοὺς	det	high
10	δυνατοὺς	δυνατός	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 συνελάμβανεν	obj	high	Substantivized adjective.
11	συνελάμβανεν	συλλαμβάνω	VERB	V-IAI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperf\|Voice=Act	1 ἀφίκετο	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb; subject is implicit.
12	ὅσοι	ὅσος	PRON	P-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 μετέσχον	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun with quantitative force, subject of both relative predicates.
13	μηδισμοῦ	μηδισμός	NOUN	N-GM-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 μετέσχον	obl	medium	Genitive with μετέχω; lexical sense is medism/Medizing.
14	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	16 μετέσχον	cc	high	Correlates with καὶ at token 17.
15	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GM-P	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 μηδισμοῦ	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on μηδισμοῦ, ‘their medism’.
16	μετέσχον	μετέχω	VERB	V-2AAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	11 συνελάμβανεν	acl:relcl	high	First predicate of the relative clause.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	28 ἔπεισαν	cc	high	Coordinates ἔπεισαν with μετέσχον.
18	βασιλεῖ	βασιλεύς	NOUN	N-DM-S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 δοῦναι	iobj	high	Dative recipient/addressee with δοῦναι.
19	Δαρείῳ	Δαρεῖος	PROPN	N-DM-S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 βασιλεῖ	appos	high
20	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DM-S	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 Ὑστάσπου	det	high
21	Ὑστάσπου	Ὑστάσπης	PROPN	N-GM-S	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 Δαρείῳ	nmod	high	Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Hystaspes’; article is substantival/attributive.
22	γῆν	γῆ	NOUN	N-AF-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 δοῦναι	obj	high
23	δοῦναι	δίδωμι	VERB	V-2AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	28 ἔπεισαν	xcomp	high	First coordinated infinitive complement of ἔπεισαν.
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 δοῦναι	cc	high	Coordinates ὕδωρ with γῆν.
25	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-AN-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 δοῦναι	obj	high	Second object in the coordinated earth-and-water phrase.
26	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 πολίτας	det	high
27	πολίτας	πολίτης	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	28 ἔπεισαν	obj	high	Object of ἔπεισαν; subject of the infinitive δοῦναι by accusative-and-infinitive construction.
28	ἔπεισαν	πείθω	VERB	V-AAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	11 συνελάμβανεν	conj	high	Second predicate of the relative clause; subject ὅσοι.
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀφίκετο	punct	high

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