Grammar parses for passage 3.4.4
Open translation for this passage
εἴχετο δὲ Λεωτυχίδης λόγων οὓς Ἀρίστων ποτὲ ἐς Δημάρατον τεχθέντα ἐξέβαλεν ὑπὸ ἀμαθίας οὐχ αὑτοῦ παῖδα εἶναι φήσας.
The relative clause Ἀρίστων ... ἐξέβαλεν modifies λόγων; within its participial complement, παῖδα is the accusative subject of εἶναι, with τεχθέντα agreeing with παῖδα and ἐς Δημάρατον marking the person to whom the child was born.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἴχετο | ἔχω | VERB | V-IPI-3S-M/P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect middle; idiomatically 'was holding to/claimed'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἴχετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | Λεωτυχίδης | Λεωτυχίδης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 εἴχετο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | λόγων | λόγος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἴχετο | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on εἴχετο; idiomatically 'held to arguments'. |
| 5 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐξέβαλεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἐξέβαλεν. |
| 6 | Ἀρίστων | Ἀρίστων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐξέβαλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ποτὲ | ποτέ | ADV | ADV | _ | 11 ἐξέβαλεν | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Δημάρατον | case | high | |
| 9 | Δημάρατον | Δημάρατος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τεχθέντα | obl | high | Destination/goal of τεχθέντα. |
| 10 | τεχθέντα | τίκτω | VERB | V-APP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 16 παῖδα | acl | medium | Accusative aorist passive participle, agreeing with παῖδα; semantically 'born to Demaratus'. |
| 11 | ἐξέβαλεν | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 4 λόγων | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause modifying λόγων. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ἀμαθίας | case | high | |
| 13 | ἀμαθίας | ἀμάθεια | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐξέβαλεν | obl | high | Cause with ὑπό. |
| 14 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 εἶναι | advmod | high | Negates εἶναι. |
| 15 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 16 παῖδα | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive, 'his own'. |
| 16 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 17 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 φήσας | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φήσας. |
| 18 | φήσας | φημί | VERB | V-SAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 11 ἐξέβαλεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject co-referential with Ἀρίστων. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἴχετο | punct | high |
τότε δὲ οἱ μὲν ἐς τὸ χρηστήριον οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὸ ἐν Δελφοῖς, ὥσπερ καὶ τὰ ἄλλα εἰώθεσαν, ἀνάγουσι καὶ τὸ ἀμφισβήτημα τὸ ὑπὲρ Δημαράτου· ἡ δέ σφισιν ἔχρησεν ἡ πρόμαντις ὁπόσα ἦν Κλεομένει κατὰ γνώμην.
The first clause has an initial dative-like topical phrase οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι with ἀνάγουσι; ἡ πρόμαντις is the subject of ἔχρησεν, with ὁπόσα as its content complement and Κλεομένει as dative of reference/judgment. The repeated οἱ in τὸ χρηστήριον οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι is treated as an article-like resumptive/topic marker with low confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D---- | PronType=Dem | 20 ἀνάγουσι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἀνάγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | medium | Possibly resumptive/topic-marking rather than ordinary determiner. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 20 ἀνάγουσι | discourse | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 χρηστήριον | case | high | |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χρηστήριον | det | high | |
| 7 | χρηστήριον | χρηστήριον | NOUN | Nb-san | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἀνάγουσι | obl | high | |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | low | Repeated article before the nominative topic; analyzed as article-like rather than a separate pronoun. |
| 9 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Nb-pmn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἀνάγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Δελφοῖς | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 12 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Nb-p--d | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 χρηστήριον | nmod | high | Locative dative in the place-name. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀνάγουσι | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 εἰώθεσαν | mark | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 εἰώθεσαν | cc | high | |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 17 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 18 εἰώθεσαν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 18 | εἰώθεσαν | εἴωθα | VERB | V1plia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 20 ἀνάγουσι | advcl | high | Pluperfect-like in meaning, conventional perfect form. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀνάγουσι | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀνάγουσι | ἀνάγω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἀνάγουσι | cc | high | |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 ἀμφισβήτημα | det | high | |
| 23 | ἀμφισβήτημα | ἀμφισβήτημα | NOUN | Nb-san | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἀνάγουσι | obj | high | |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 Δημαράτου | det | high | |
| 25 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 Δημαράτου | case | high | |
| 26 | Δημαράτου | Δημάρατος | PROPN | Nb-pmg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἀμφισβήτημα | nmod | high | |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἔχρησεν | punct | high | |
| 28 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 πρόμαντις | det | high | |
| 29 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 ἔχρησεν | cc | high | |
| 30 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-pd-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 31 ἔχρησεν | iobj | high | Dative pronoun, non-reflexive in context. |
| 31 | ἔχρησεν | χράω | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated main predicate; punctuation separates the clause. |
| 32 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 πρόμαντις | det | high | |
| 33 | πρόμαντις | πρόμαντις | NOUN | Nb-sfn | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἔχρησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 34 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | Pi-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Int | 31 ἔχρησεν | ccomp | medium | Content of the oracle; idiomatically ‘whatever/how many things’. |
| 35 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 34 ὁπόσα | cop | high | |
| 36 | Κλεομένει | Κλεομένης | PROPN | Nb-smd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἦν | obl | medium | Dative of reference/judgment: ‘in Cleomenes’ opinion’. |
| 37 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 38 γνώμην | case | high | |
| 38 | γνώμην | γνώμη | NOUN | Nb-sfa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ἦν | obl | high | Prepositional phrase meaning ‘according to opinion/judgment’. |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἔχρησεν | punct | high |