Grammar parses for passage 3.5.2
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ ἐπανῆλθεν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν μαχεσάμενος ἄπρακτον μάχην, ὑπάγουσιν αὐτὸν ἐς κρίσιν οἱ ἐχθροί.
Temporal ὡς-clause: ἐπανῆλθεν is the finite subordinate verb; μαχεσάμενος is a concomitant circumstantial participle, with ἄπρακτον μάχην as its accusative object. In the main clause, οἱ ἐχθροί is the subject of ὑπάγουσιν and αὐτόν the object; ἐς κρίσιν is a goal complement. The participle's implicit subject is the same referent as the subject of ἐπανῆλθεν, though that subject is unexpressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 3 ἐπανῆλθεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator introducing the clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | Polarity=Pos | 10 ὑπάγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπανῆλθεν | ἐπανέρχομαι | VERB | V-3S-AAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ὑπάγουσιν | advcl | high | Finite aorist in the temporal ὡς-clause. |
| 4 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 5 Ἀθηνῶν | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 5 | Ἀθηνῶν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπανῆλθεν | obl | high | Place of origin. |
| 6 | μαχεσάμενος | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 3 ἐπανῆλθεν | advcl | medium | Aorist middle circumstantial participle; implicit subject is controlled by the subject of ἐπανῆλθεν. |
| 7 | ἄπρακτον | ἄπρακτος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μάχην | amod | high | Adjective modifying μάχην. |
| 8 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μαχεσάμενος | obj | high | Accusative object of μαχεσάμενος. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐπανῆλθεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὑπάγουσιν | ὑπάγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main-clause finite verb. |
| 11 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 ὑπάγουσιν | obj | high | Personal pronoun functioning as the object of ὑπάγουσιν. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 13 κρίσιν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 13 | κρίσιν | κρίσις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπάγουσιν | obl | high | Goal or judicial destination, 'to trial'. |
| 14 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐχθροί | det | high | Article substantivizing/modifying ἐχθροί. |
| 15 | ἐχθροί | ἐχθρός | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὑπάγουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, subject of ὑπάγουσιν. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ὑπάγουσιν | punct | high |
βασιλεῖ δὲ τῷ Λακεδαιμονίων δικαστήριον ἐκάθιζον οἵ τε ὀνομαζόμενοι γέροντες, ὀκτὼ καὶ εἴκοσιν ὄντες ἀριθμόν, καὶ ἡ τῶν ἐφόρων ἀρχή, σὺν δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ ὁ τῆς οἰκίας βασιλεὺς τῆς ἑτέρας.
The verb ἐκάθιζον takes δικαστήριον as object and has a coordinated nominative subject: γέροντες, ἡ τῶν ἐφόρων ἀρχή, and the other-house βασιλεύς; οἵ is an article-like relative determiner introducing γέροντες.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | βασιλεῖ | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκάθιζον | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary with καθίζω. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐκάθιζον | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 4 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 δικαστήριον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δικαστήριον. |
| 5 | δικαστήριον | δικαστήριον | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκάθιζον | obj | high | Object of ἐκάθιζον: they convened a court. |
| 6 | ἐκάθιζον | καθίζω | VERB | V--IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | P--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 γέροντες | det | medium | Relative article/pronoun introducing the named elders. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 οἵ | cc | high | |
| 9 | ὀνομαζόμενοι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V--PPP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 10 γέροντες | acl | high | Participial modifier, ‘called/named’. |
| 10 | γέροντες | γέρων | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐκάθιζον | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 γέροντες | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M---- | NumType=Card | 15 ὄντες | nummod | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 εἴκοσιν | cc | high | |
| 14 | εἴκοσιν | εἴκοσι | NUM | M---- | NumType=Card | 12 ὀκτὼ | conj | high | Together with ὀκτώ: twenty-eight. |
| 15 | ὄντες | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 γέροντες | advcl | high | Supplementary participle with γέροντες. |
| 16 | ἀριθμόν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ὄντες | obl | high | Accusative of respect with ὄντες. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ὄντες | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 γέροντες | cc | high | Coordinates the ephors' board with the elders. |
| 19 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἀρχή | det | high | |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐφόρων | det | high | |
| 21 | ἐφόρων | ἔφορος | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἀρχή | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀρχή. |
| 22 | ἀρχή | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 γέροντες | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἀρχή | punct | high | |
| 24 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 αὐτοῖς | case | high | |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 βασιλεὺς | cc | medium | Postpositive connective within the added coordination. |
| 26 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 31 βασιλεὺς | obl | high | Object of σύν, ‘along with them’. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 βασιλεὺς | cc | high | |
| 28 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 βασιλεὺς | det | high | |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 οἰκίας | det | high | |
| 30 | οἰκίας | οἰκία | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 βασιλεὺς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βασιλεύς. |
| 31 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀρχή | conj | high | Additional coordinated subject, the king of the other house. |
| 32 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἑτέρας | det | high | |
| 33 | ἑτέρας | ἕτερος | ADJ | A--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 οἰκίας | amod | high | Substantivally specifies the other house. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκάθιζον | punct | high |
τέσσαρες μὲν δὴ καὶ δέκα τῶν γερόντων, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς Ἆγις ὁ τῆς ἑτέρας οἰκίας βασιλεύς, ἀδικεῖν τὸν Παυσανίαν κατέγνωσαν·
The coordinated subject is τέσσαρες ... καὶ δέκα τῶν γερόντων, with Ἆγις added by ἐπὶ αὐτοῖς; κατέγνωσαν governs the articular infinitive phrase ἀδικεῖν τὸν Παυσανίαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέσσαρες | τέσσαρες | NUM | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 κατέγνωσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-P | _ | 1 τέσσαρες | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-P | _ | 1 τέσσαρες | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 δέκα | cc | high | |
| 5 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | A-NUI | Case=Nom|Gender=Invar|Number=Plur | 1 τέσσαρες | conj | medium | Numeral coordinated with τέσσαρες in the compound numeral fourteen. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 γερόντων | det | high | |
| 7 | γερόντων | γέρων | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 τέσσαρες | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with the numeral. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 κατέγνωσαν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-GD | _ | 11 αὐτοῖς | case | high | With dative αὐτοῖς, meaning an addition to the preceding group. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-P | _ | 12 Ἆγις | cc | high | |
| 11 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἆγις | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί. |
| 12 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 κατέγνωσαν | nsubj | high | Additional coordinated subject, introduced by ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς. |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 βασιλεύς | det | high | |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 οἰκίας | det | high | |
| 15 | ἑτέρας | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 οἰκίας | amod | high | |
| 16 | οἰκίας | οἰκία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 βασιλεύς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βασιλεύς. |
| 17 | βασιλεύς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἆγις | appos | high | Apposition to Ἆγις. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 κατέγνωσαν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἀδικεῖν | ἀδικέω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 κατέγνωσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of κατέγνωσαν. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Παυσανίαν | det | high | |
| 21 | Παυσανίαν | Παυσανίας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀδικεῖν | obj | high | |
| 22 | κατέγνωσαν | καταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 κατέγνωσαν | punct | high |