Grammar parses for passage 3.5.9
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ὁ μὲν ὑπὸ τὸ τεῖχος κατεστρατοπεδεύετο ἤδη τὸ Ἀργείων καὶ οὐ παρίει σείων ὁ θεὸς καί τινες καὶ ἀπώλοντο τῶν στρατιωτῶν κεραυνωθέντες, τοὺς δὲ καὶ ἔκφρονας ἐποίησαν αἱ βρονταί.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: τὸ Ἀργείων is an attributive/genitival specification of τεῖχος, while οὐ παρίει has θεός as subject and σείων as a participial adjunct; the final τοὺς refers to understood soldiers or men affected by the thunderclaps. The coordination around καί is textually and syntactically difficult.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 6 τεῖχος | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 τεῖχος | det | high | |
| 6 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | obl | high | Object of ὑπό in a locative sense. |
| 7 | κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | καταστρατοπεδεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | advmod | high | |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀργείων | det | medium | Likely part of the phrase τὸ Ἀργείων; agreement is anomalous if construed directly with τεῖχος. |
| 10 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 τεῖχος | nmod | medium | Genitive specification, probably ‘of the Argives’; token 9 may reflect a textual or syntactic irregularity. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 παρίει | cc | high | |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 13 παρίει | advmod | high | |
| 13 | παρίει | παρίημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; subject is θεός. |
| 14 | σείων | σείω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 παρίει | advcl | medium | Participial adjunct, likely describing the god’s shaking/thundering action. |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 16 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 παρίει | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἀπώλοντο | cc | medium | Coordinates the following clause or phrase within the compressed narrative. |
| 18 | τινες | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Number=Plur | 20 ἀπώλοντο | nsubj | high | Indefinite plural subject. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἀπώλοντο | advmod | medium | Adverbial ‘also/even’ rather than a clear second conjunct. |
| 20 | ἀπώλοντο | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 στρατιωτῶν | det | high | |
| 22 | στρατιωτῶν | στρατιώτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 τινες | nmod | medium | Partitive genitive with τινες. |
| 23 | κεραυνωθέντες | κεραυνόω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 20 ἀπώλοντο | advcl | high | Predicative/causal participle agreeing with τινες. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀπώλοντο | punct | high | |
| 25 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐποίησαν | obj | medium | Substantivized article, object of ἐποίησαν; antecedent is understood soldiers/men. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ἐποίησαν | cc | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 28 ἔκφρονας | advmod | high | Intensifying ‘even/also’. |
| 28 | ἔκφρονας | ἔκφρων | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐποίησαν | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of the object. |
| 29 | ἐποίησαν | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | conj | high | Final coordinated finite verb; subject is understood from context, likely the thunderclaps. |
| 30 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 31 βρονταί | det | high | |
| 31 | βρονταί | βροντή | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 ἐποίησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 κατεστρατοπεδεύετο | punct | high |
οὕτω μὲν δὴ ἐκ τῆς Ἀργολίδος ἀνέζευξεν ἄκων, ἐπὶ δὲ Ὀλυνθίους ἐποιεῖτο αὖθις στρατείαν.
The sentence has a coordinated pair of finite clauses: ἀνέζευξεν governs the concessive/constraint-like ἄκων and the ἐκ-phrase, while ἐποιεῖτο governs στρατείαν with ἐπί + accusative; μὲν ... δὲ marks the contrast. The subject is implicit and contextually masculine singular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G------- | _ | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δέ. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G------- | _ | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Ἀργολίδος | case | high | |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S----GF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀργολίδος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀργολίδος | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | Ne----F-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | obl | high | Region name. |
| 7 | ἀνέζευξεν | ἀναζεύγνυμι | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἄκων | ἄκων | ADJ | A--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | advcl | medium | Predicative circumstantial nominative, ‘unwillingly’; may alternatively be treated as an adjectival secondary predicate. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ὀλυνθίους | case | high | With accusative here, indicating direction/target. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἐποιεῖτο | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μὲν. |
| 12 | Ὀλυνθίους | Ὀλύνθιος | PROPN | Ne----MP-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐποιεῖτο | obl | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective, ‘the Olynthians’. |
| 13 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | conj | high | Middle idiom ποιεῖσθαι στρατείαν, ‘make/undertake a campaign’. |
| 14 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἐποιεῖτο | advmod | high | |
| 15 | στρατείαν | στρατεία | NOUN | N----FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνέζευξεν | punct | high |