Grammar parses for passage 3.6.1
Open translation for this passage
Ἀγησιπόλιδος δὲ ἄπαιδος τελευτήσαντος ἐς Κλεόμβροτον περιῆλθεν ἡ ἀρχή, καὶ ὑπὸ ἡγεμόνι τούτῳ Βοιωτοῖς ἐναντία ἠγωνίσαντο ἐν Λεύκτροις·
The opening genitive absolute states that Agesipolis died childless; the main clause then coordinates the transfer of kingship and the subsequent military action.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀγησιπόλιδος | Ἀγησίπολις | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 τελευτήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 περιῆλθεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄπαιδος | ἄπαις | ADJ | A--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 τελευτήσαντος | amod | high | Predicate adjective within genitive absolute. |
| 4 | τελευτήσαντος | τελευτάω | VERB | V--AAPGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 περιῆλθεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, temporal. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | Case=Acc | 6 Κλεόμβροτον | case | high | |
| 6 | Κλεόμβροτον | Κλεόμβροτος | PROPN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 περιῆλθεν | obl | high | Recipient/goal of transfer. |
| 7 | περιῆλθεν | περιέρχομαι | VERB | V---AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S---NF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀρχή | det | high | |
| 9 | ἀρχή | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 περιῆλθεν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 περιῆλθεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 ἠγωνίσαντο | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | Case=Dat | 13 ἡγεμόνι | case | high | |
| 13 | ἡγεμόνι | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἠγωνίσαντο | obl | high | Dative with ὑπό, under the leadership of. |
| 14 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | P---DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἡγεμόνι | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἡγεμόνι. |
| 15 | Βοιωτοῖς | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἠγωνίσαντο | obl | high | Adversary marked by dative with ἐναντία. |
| 16 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A---APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἠγωνίσαντο | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, 'things opposed'; may be analyzed adverbially. |
| 17 | ἠγωνίσαντο | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V--AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 7 περιῆλθεν | conj | high | Coordinated finite clause; subject is understood Spartans. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | Case=Dat | 19 Λεύκτροις | case | high | |
| 19 | Λεύκτροις | Λεῦκτρα | PROPN | N--DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἠγωνίσαντο | obl | high | Locative place name. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 περιῆλθεν | punct | high |
Κλεόμβροτος δὲ αὐτὸς γενόμενος ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς ἀρχομένης ἔτι ἔπεσε τῆς μάχης.
Κλεόμβροτος is the subject of ἔπεσε; γενόμενος ἀνὴρ ἀγαθός is a participial predication, while ἀρχομένης ἔτι τῆς μάχης is a genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλεόμβροτος | Κλεόμβροτος | PROPN | N--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔπεσε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἔπεσε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 4 γενόμενος | nsubj | medium | Intensive pronoun, agreeing with the understood subject. |
| 4 | γενόμενος | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἀνὴρ | acl | high | Aorist middle participle, predicative/attributive to Κλεόμβροτος. |
| 5 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γενόμενος | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative with γενόμενος. |
| 6 | ἀγαθὸς | ἀγαθός | ADJ | A--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | |
| 7 | ἀρχομένης | ἄρχομαι | VERB | V-PPMPGSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἔπεσε | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with τῆς μάχης. |
| 8 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἀρχομένης | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἔπεσε | πίπτω | VERB | V-2AAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L--SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 μάχης | det | high | |
| 11 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N--SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀρχομένης | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔπεσε | punct | high |
μάλιστα δέ πως ἐπὶ πταίσμασιν ἐθέλει μεγάλοις προαφαιρεῖσθαι τὸν ἡγεμόνα ὁ δαίμων, καθὰ δὴ καὶ Ἀθηναίων ἀπῆγεν Ἱπποκράτην τε τὸν Ἀρίφρονος στρατηγοῦντα ἐπὶ Δηλίῳ καὶ ὕστερον ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ Λεωσθένην.
The sentence has an impersonal/gnomic construction in which ὁ δαίμων is the subject of ἀπῆγεν, while ἐθέλει governs the infinitive προαφαιρεῖσθαι; the infinitival subject τὸν ἡγεμόνα is accusative. The later coordinated accusatives are objects of ἀπῆγεν, with στρατηγοῦντα agreeing with Ἱπποκράτην. καθὰ introduces the illustrative comparison.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μάλιστα | μάλα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 6 ἐθέλει | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐθέλει | cc | high | |
| 3 | πως | πως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἐθέλει | advmod | medium | Enclitic adverb, loosely modifying the general assertion. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 πταίσμασιν | case | high | |
| 5 | πταίσμασιν | πταῖσμα | NOUN | N-P---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 προαφαιρεῖσθαι | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί. |
| 6 | ἐθέλει | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 ἀπῆγεν | advcl | medium | Generalized modal/volitional clause modifying the main assertion. |
| 7 | μεγάλοις | μέγας | ADJ | A--P---ND- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πταίσμασιν | amod | high | |
| 8 | προαφαιρεῖσθαι | προαφαιρέω | VERB | V-PNM---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐθέλει | xcomp | high | |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἡγεμόνα | det | high | |
| 10 | ἡγεμόνα | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 προαφαιρεῖσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δαίμων | det | high | |
| 12 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπῆγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀπῆγεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἀπῆγεν | mark | high | Comparative/subordinating connector introducing the example. |
| 15 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 14 καθὰ | advmod | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἀπῆγεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’, rather than a simple coordinator. |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀπῆγεν | obl | high | Partitive/source genitive with ἀπῆγεν. |
| 18 | ἀπῆγεν | ἀπάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | Ἱπποκράτην | Ἱπποκράτης | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπῆγεν | obj | high | |
| 20 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 Ἱπποκράτην | cc | high | Correlative enclitic linking the two named objects. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 στρατηγοῦντα | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἀρίφρονος | Ἀρίφρων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Ἱπποκράτην | nmod | high | Patronymic/possessive genitive: Hippocrates, son of Ariphron. |
| 23 | στρατηγοῦντα | στρατηγέω | VERB | V-PPA-SMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 Ἱπποκράτην | acl | high | Participial modifier of Ἱπποκράτην. |
| 24 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 Δηλίῳ | case | high | |
| 25 | Δηλίῳ | Δήλιον | PROPN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 στρατηγοῦντα | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐπί. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 30 Λεωσθένην | cc | high | |
| 27 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 30 Λεωσθένην | advmod | high | |
| 28 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 Θεσσαλίᾳ | case | high | |
| 29 | Θεσσαλίᾳ | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 Λεωσθένην | obl | high | |
| 30 | Λεωσθένην | Λεωσθένης | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπῆγεν | conj | high | Second coordinated accusative object of ἀπῆγεν; coordination is linked through τε ... καί. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀπῆγεν | punct | high |