Grammar parses for passage 3.7.10
Open translation for this passage
ὑπαγόμενος δὲ ἐν Λακεδαίμονι ἐς δίκην ἔφυγεν ἐθελοντὴς ἐς Τεγέαν.
The middle participle ὑπαγόμενος is circumstantial and takes ἐς δίκην; ἐθελοντής is an adverbial/predicative nominative expression modifying the subject of ἔφυγεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπαγόμενος | ὑπάγω | VERB | V-PP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 7 ἔφυγεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial middle participle, concessive/temporal in context. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἔφυγεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Λακεδαίμονι | case | high | |
| 4 | Λακεδαίμονι | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔφυγεν | obl | high | Place name governed by ἐν. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 δίκην | case | high | |
| 6 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ὑπαγόμενος | obl | high | With ὑπάγομαι: being brought to trial. |
| 7 | ἔφυγεν | φεύγω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐθελοντὴς | ἐθελοντής | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔφυγεν | advmod | medium | Predicative/adverbial accusative-like expression meaning voluntarily; form is nominative. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 Τεγέαν | case | high | |
| 10 | Τεγέαν | Τεγέα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔφυγεν | obl | high | Goal of flight governed by ἐς. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔφυγεν | punct | high |
καὶ ὁ μὲν αὐτόθι τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν τὴν Ἀλέαν ἱκέτευε, Λεωτυχίδου δὲ ὁ μὲν παῖς Ζευξίδαμος ζῶντος ἔτι Λεωτυχίδου καὶ οὐ πεφευγότος πω τελευτᾷ νόσῳ, Ἀρχίδαμος δὲ ὁ Ζευξιδάμου μετὰ Λεωτυχίδην ἀπελθόντα ἐς Τεγέαν ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχήν.
The sentence contains coordinated main predicates ἱκέτευε, τελευτᾷ, and ἔσχε; ζῶντος/πεφευγότος form a coordinated genitive-absolute temporal frame, while ἀπελθόντα is a temporal accusative participial clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἱκέτευε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἱκέτευε | nsubj | high | Article with substantivized μὲν phrase. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 ὁ | advmod | high | |
| 4 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | _ | _ | 9 ἱκέτευε | advmod | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀθηνᾶν | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀθηνᾶν | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱκέτευε | obj | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀλέαν | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀλέαν | Ἀλέα | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀθηνᾶν | appos | high | Epithet in apposition. |
| 9 | ἱκέτευε | ἱκετεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἱκέτευε | punct | high | |
| 11 | Λεωτυχίδου | Λεωτυχίδης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παῖς | nmod | high | Genitive of affiliation: son of Leotychides. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 παῖς | cc | high | |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παῖς | det | high | |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 15 παῖς | advmod | high | |
| 15 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 τελευτᾷ | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | Ζευξίδαμος | Ζευξίδαμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παῖς | appos | high | Personal name apposed to παῖς. |
| 17 | ζῶντος | ζάω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 τελευτᾷ | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Λεωτυχίδου. |
| 18 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 17 ζῶντος | advmod | high | |
| 19 | Λεωτυχίδου | Λεωτυχίδης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ζῶντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 πεφευγότος | cc | high | |
| 21 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 22 πεφευγότος | advmod | high | |
| 22 | πεφευγότος | φεύγω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 τελευτᾷ | advcl | medium | Coordinated genitive absolute participle; subject is understood as Λεωτυχίδης. |
| 23 | πω | πω | ADV | _ | _ | 22 πεφευγότος | advmod | high | |
| 24 | τελευτᾷ | τελευτάω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated main predicate; first clause begins with ἱκέτευε. |
| 25 | νόσῳ | νόσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 τελευτᾷ | obl | high | Dative of cause or means. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 τελευτᾷ | punct | high | |
| 27 | Ἀρχίδαμος | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἔσχε | nsubj | high | |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 36 ἔσχε | cc | high | |
| 29 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Ἀρχίδαμος | det | high | Article with proper name in appositional phrase. |
| 30 | Ζευξιδάμου | Ζευξίδαμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Ἀρχίδαμος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 31 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 33 ἀπελθόντα | case | high | With accusative, temporal sequence. |
| 32 | Λεωτυχίδην | Λεωτυχίδης | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἀπελθόντα | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 33 | ἀπελθόντα | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 36 ἔσχε | advcl | high | Temporal participial clause. |
| 34 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 35 Τεγέαν | case | high | |
| 35 | Τεγέαν | Τεγέα | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἀπελθόντα | obl | high | Destination of ἀπελθόντα. |
| 36 | ἔσχε | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 24 τελευτᾷ | parataxis | high | Main predicate of the final clause, coordinated loosely with τελευτᾷ. |
| 37 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 38 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 ἔσχε | obj | high | |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἔσχε | punct | high |
οὗτος Ἀρχίδαμος Ἀθηναίοις μάλιστα ἐκάκωσε τὴν χώραν στρατῷ τε ἐσβάλλων ἐς γῆν τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος καὶ ὁπότε ἐσβάλοι διὰ πάσης ἐπεξῄει φθείρων καὶ Πλαταιέων Ἀθηναίοις ὄντων εὔνων πολιορκίᾳ τὸ ἄστυ εἷλεν.
The sentence has coordinated predicates under ἐκάκωσε, with a temporal ὁπότε-clause and a genitive absolute (Πλαταιέων ... ὄντων); ἐπεξῄει is parsed as coordinated with the preceding participial circumstance.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 Ἀρχίδαμος | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | Ἀρχίδαμος | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | Nb | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκάκωσε | nsubj | high | Appositional to οὗτος. |
| 3 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Nb | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐκάκωσε | iobj | high | |
| 4 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | Dq | Degree=Sup | 5 ἐκάκωσε | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐκάκωσε | κακόω | VERB | V- AAI-3S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χώραν | det | high | |
| 7 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | Nb | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκάκωσε | obj | high | |
| 8 | στρατῷ | στρατός | NOUN | Nb | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐσβάλλων | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 10 ἐσβάλλων | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἐσβάλλων | ἐσβάλλω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἐκάκωσε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 12 γῆν | case | high | |
| 12 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | Nb | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐσβάλλων | obl | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Ἀττικὴν | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἀττικὴν | Ἀττικός | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γῆν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of γῆν. |
| 15 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R- | _ | 17 ἔτος | case | high | |
| 16 | πᾶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἔτος | amod | high | |
| 17 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | Nb | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐσβάλλων | obl | high | Temporal accusative phrase. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 23 ἐπεξῄει | cc | high | Coordinates the second participial/finite circumstance. |
| 19 | ὁπότε | ὁπότε | SCONJ | C- | _ | 20 ἐσβάλοι | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 20 | ἐσβάλοι | ἐσβάλλω | VERB | V- AAS-3S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 23 ἐπεξῄει | advcl | high | Aorist subjunctive in temporal clause. |
| 21 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R- | _ | 22 πάσης | case | high | |
| 22 | πάσης | πᾶς | ADJ | A-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἐπεξῄει | obl | medium | Genitive with διά; understood χώρας or γῆς. |
| 23 | ἐπεξῄει | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Aspect=Imperfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 5 ἐκάκωσε | conj | medium | Coordinated with ἐσβάλλων; subject is Ἀρχίδαμος. |
| 24 | φθείρων | φθείρω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ἐπεξῄει | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 33 εἷλεν | cc | high | |
| 26 | Πλαταιέων | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | Nb | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ὄντων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 27 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | PROPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 εὔνων | iobj | medium | Dative complement with εὔνων, within the genitive absolute. |
| 28 | ὄντων | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-GMP | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 33 εἷλεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Πλαταιέων. |
| 29 | εὔνων | εὔνους | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ὄντων | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective in the genitive absolute. |
| 30 | πολιορκίᾳ | πολιορκία | NOUN | Nb | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 εἷλεν | obl | high | Means/instrument dative. |
| 31 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 ἄστυ | det | high | |
| 32 | ἄστυ | ἄστυ | NOUN | Nb | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 εἷλεν | obj | high | |
| 33 | εἷλεν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἐκάκωσε | conj | high | Final coordinated finite verb. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκάκωσε | punct | high |