Grammar parses for passage 3.7.9
Open translation for this passage
Λεωτυχίδης δὲ ἀντὶ Δημαράτου γενόμενος βασιλεὺς μετέσχε μὲν Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Ἀθηναίων τῷ στρατηγῷ Ξανθίππῳ τῷ Ἀρίφρονος τοῦ ἔργου τοῦ πρὸς Μυκάλῃ,
Λεωτυχίδης is the subject; γενόμενος βασιλεύς is a circumstantial participial predicate, and μετέσχε governs the dative phrase Ἀθηναίοις ... τῷ στρατηγῷ Ξανθίππῳ, with the genitives dependent on the appositional/name phrase and ἔργου. The continuation is syntactically incomplete here, so attachment of the final genitives and πρὸς-phrase is partly provisional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λεωτυχίδης | Λεωτυχίδης | PROPN | Nपms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 μετέσχε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 μετέσχε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 4 Δημαράτου | case | high | |
| 4 | Δημαράτου | Δημάρατος | PROPN | Npgms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 γενόμενος | obl | high | Object of ἀντί. |
| 5 | γενόμενος | γίγνομαι | VERB | Vpapnm-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 μετέσχε | advcl | high | |
| 6 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | Npnms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 γενόμενος | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with γενόμενος. |
| 7 | μετέσχε | μετέχω | VERB | Vaaia3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Q--------- | _ | 7 μετέσχε | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; counterpart likely outside the excerpt. |
| 9 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Npmd---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 μετέσχε | iobj | medium | Dative participant/recipient with μετέσχε. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 13 στρατηγῷ | cc | high | |
| 11 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Npgmp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 στρατηγῷ | nmod | medium | Genitive associated with στρατηγῷ, likely ‘the Athenian general’. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | R--------d | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 στρατηγῷ | det | high | |
| 13 | στρατηγῷ | στρατηγός | NOUN | Nodms | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 μετέσχε | obl | high | Dative phrase coordinated/associated with Ἀθηναίοις. |
| 14 | Ξανθίππῳ | Ξάνθιππος | PROPN | Npmds | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 στρατηγῷ | appos | high | |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | R--------d | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ξανθίππῳ | det | high | Likely article with the following patronymic/name phrase. |
| 16 | Ἀρίφρονος | Ἀρίφρων | PROPN | Npgms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ξανθίππῳ | nmod | medium | Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Ariphron’. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | R--------g | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 18 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | Ngnsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 Ἀρίφρονος | nmod | medium | Genitive phrase is difficult in the excerpt; likely dependent on Ἀρίφρονος as part of a descriptive construction. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | R--------g | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 20 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R--------- | _ | 21 Μυκάλῃ | case | high | |
| 21 | Μυκάλῃ | Μυκάλη | PROPN | Npdls | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἔργου | nmod | low | Likely locative/directional complement of πρὸς modifying ἔργου; exact attachment awaits the continuation. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 μετέσχε | punct | high |
ἐστράτευσε δὲ ὕστερον τούτων καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀλευάδας ἐς Θεσσαλίαν·
The sentence has an aorist motion verb with coordinated/adverbial expedition complements: ὕστερον τούτων and ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀλευάδας, ἐς Θεσσαλίαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐστράτευσε | στρατεύω | VERB | V-3S-AAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐστράτευσε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἐστράτευσε | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative/adverb meaning subsequently. |
| 4 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | D-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 ὕστερον | obl | medium | Genitive with ὕστερον, ‘after these things/persons’. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐστράτευσε | cc | high | Coordinates the following expedition phrase with the preceding circumstance. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 8 Ἀλευάδας | case | high | With accusative, indicating movement against/toward. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀλευάδας | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀλευάδας | Ἀλευάδαι | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐστράτευσε | obl | high | Ethnic/personal dynastic name, object of ἐπί. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 10 Θεσσαλίαν | case | high | Epic/ionic form of εἰς. |
| 10 | Θεσσαλίαν | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐστράτευσε | obl | high | Destination governed by ἐς. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐστράτευσε | punct | high |
καί οἱ καταστρέψασθαι Θεσσαλίαν πᾶσαν ἐξὸν ἅτε ἀεὶ νικῶντι ἐν ταῖς μάχαις, δῶρα ἔλαβε παρὰ τῶν Ἀλευαδῶν.
The sentence contains an impersonal ἐξόν plus infinitive construction; νικῶντι is a circumstantial dative participle under ἅτε, with its understood dative subject supplied by οἱ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἔλαβε | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 3 καταστρέψασθαι | iobj | medium | Enclitic/dative pronoun, indirect participant of καταστρέψασθαι. |
| 3 | καταστρέψασθαι | καταστρέφω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐξὸν | xcomp | high | |
| 4 | Θεσσαλίαν | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 καταστρέψασθαι | obj | high | |
| 5 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Θεσσαλίαν | amod | high | |
| 6 | ἐξὸν | ἔξεστι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἔλαβε | advcl | medium | Impersonal participial construction, construed with infinitive καταστρέψασθαι. |
| 7 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 9 νικῶντι | mark | high | |
| 8 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | _ | _ | 9 νικῶντι | advmod | high | |
| 9 | νικῶντι | νικάω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἐξὸν | advcl | medium | Dative circumstantial participle, likely agreeing with the understood dative subject of the infinitive. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 12 μάχαις | case | high | |
| 11 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 μάχαις | det | high | |
| 12 | μάχαις | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 νικῶντι | obl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔλαβε | punct | high | |
| 14 | δῶρα | δῶρον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἔλαβε | obj | high | |
| 15 | ἔλαβε | λαμβάνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 18 Ἀλευαδῶν | case | high | |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀλευαδῶν | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἀλευαδῶν | Ἀλευάδαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔλαβε | obl | high | |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔλαβε | punct | high |