Grammar parses for passage 3.7.2
Open translation for this passage
Εὐρυπῶντος δὲ υἱὸς γίνεται Πρύτανις.
The genitive Εὐρυπῶντος is a patronymic/genitive of descent dependent on υἱός; γίνεται is a copular/lexical predicate meaning ‘becomes/is born’, with Πρύτανις as its nominative subject/predicate complement. The exact copular analysis is mildly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐρυπῶντος | Εὐρυπῶν | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 υἱὸς | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Eurypōn’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 γίνεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | υἱὸς | υἱός | NOUN | N--NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γίνεται | nsubj | medium | Subject-like nominal in the construction ‘a son of Eurypōn becomes/is born’; genitive dependent on it. |
| 4 | γίνεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present middle/deponent; functions as the finite predicate. |
| 5 | Πρύτανις | Πρύτανις | PROPN | N--NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γίνεται | xcomp | medium | Nominative personal name, interpreted as predicate complement or appositional complement of γίνεται. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γίνεται | punct | high |
ἐπὶ μὲν δὴ Πρυτάνιδος τοῦ Εὐρυπῶντος τὸ ἔχθος τε Λακεδαιμονίοις ἤρξατο τὸ ἐς Ἀργείους καὶ ἔτι τοῦ ἐγκλήματος τούτου πρότερον Κυνουρεῦσιν ἐπολέμησαν·
The main clause has ἔχθος as subject of ἤρξατο, with ἐπί + genitive marking the time of Prytanis; τὸ ἐς Ἀργείους modifies ἔχθος. The following καὶ clause has ἐπολέμησαν with an understood subject (Lacedaemonians) and Κυνουρεῦσιν as dative object/goal of fighting; τούτου refers anaphorically to the hostility/charge, with πρότερον indicating its earlier occurrence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 Πρυτάνιδος | case | high | With genitive Πρυτάνιδος, temporal. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 11 ἤρξατο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 11 ἤρξατο | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | Πρυτάνιδος | Πρυτάνις | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἤρξατο | obl | high | Genitive in temporal ἐπί-phrase. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | R---sm--g- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Εὐρυπῶντος | det | high | Article with patronymic/genitive name. |
| 6 | Εὐρυπῶντος | Εὐρυπῶν | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πρυτάνιδος | appos | high | Genitive identifying Prytanis. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | R---sn--a- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἔχθος | det | high | Article with neuter subject ἔχθος. |
| 8 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | Nb-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἤρξατο | nsubj | high | Subject of middle ἤρξατο. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἔχθος | cc | medium | Enclitic connective; scope may extend over the coordinated predication. |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ae-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἔχθος | obl | medium | Dative of affected party with ἔχθος; could alternatively be construed with ἤρξατο. |
| 11 | ἤρξατο | ἄρχω | VERB | V---3samim- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle, 'began'. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | R---sn--a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀργείους | det | high | Article in substantival/elliptical relative-like phrase. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 14 Ἀργείους | case | high | Accusative-governing preposition. |
| 14 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | Ae-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἔχθος | nmod | high | Direction/target of hostility, modifying ἔχθος. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 16 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 πρότερον | advmod | high | Further/also, modifying πρότερον or the clause. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | R---sg--a- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐγκλήματος | det | high | Article with ἐγκλήματος. |
| 18 | ἐγκλήματος | ἔγκλημα | NOUN | Nb-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 πρότερον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on πρότερον in the sense 'before this charge/complaint'. |
| 19 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | Pd-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐγκλήματος | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἐγκλήματος. |
| 20 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | A----nac- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, 'earlier/beforehand'. |
| 21 | Κυνουρεῦσιν | Κυνουρεύς | PROPN | Ae-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | iobj | high | Dative with πολεμέω, those against whom they fought. |
| 22 | ἐπολέμησαν | πολεμέω | VERB | V---3paia- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ἤρξατο | conj | high | Coordinated aorist clause; subject is understood from context. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἤρξατο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὰς δὲ ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ γενεάς, Εὐνόμου τε τοῦ Πρυτάνιδος καὶ Πολυδέκτου τοῦ Εὐνόμου βασιλευόντων, ἐν εἰρήνῃ διετέλεσεν οὖσα ἡ Σπάρτη.
The accusative phrase τὰς ... γενεάς is an accusative of duration/extent, with ταύτῃ agreeing with the dative referent understood as 'following this'; the genitives and participle form an absolute genitive specifying the reigning rulers. οὖσα agrees with ἡ Σπάρτη and συμπletes διετέλεσεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T--AFA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 γενεάς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 διετέλεσεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 γενεάς | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | PD---DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐφεξῆς | obl | medium | Dative reference, likely 'following this'; syntactic attachment within the temporal modifier is somewhat elliptical. |
| 5 | γενεάς | γενεά | NOUN | N--AFA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 διετέλεσεν | obl | high | Accusative of duration/extent. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 βασιλευόντων | punct | high | |
| 7 | Εὐνόμου | Εὔνομος | PROPN | N--GMS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλευόντων | nmod | high | Genitive absolute constituent. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 βασιλευόντων | cc | high | Coordinates the first ruler phrase with the following one. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GMS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Πρυτάνιδος | det | high | |
| 10 | Πρυτάνιδος | Πρυτάνις | PROPN | N--GMS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐνόμου | appos | high | Patronymic/appositional identification of Εὐνόμου. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 βασιλευόντων | cc | high | |
| 12 | Πολυδέκτου | Πολυδέκτης | PROPN | N--GMS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλευόντων | nsubj | high | Second genitive-absolute subject. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GMS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Εὐνόμου | det | high | |
| 14 | Εὐνόμου | Εὔνομος | PROPN | N--GMS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πολυδέκτου | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive identification of Πολυδέκτου. |
| 15 | βασιλευόντων | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 διετέλεσεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 βασιλευόντων | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 εἰρήνῃ | case | high | |
| 18 | εἰρήνῃ | εἰρήνη | NOUN | N--DFS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 διετέλεσεν | obl | high | Prepositional state adjunct. |
| 19 | διετέλεσεν | διατελέω | VERB | V-2IA3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist-form spelling is interpreted as past indicative; some traditions may analyze the form as imperfect/aorist orthographically. |
| 20 | οὖσα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NFS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 διετέλεσεν | xcomp | high | Predicative participle with διετέλεσεν. |
| 21 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T--NFS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Σπάρτη | det | high | |
| 22 | Σπάρτη | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N--NFS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 διετέλεσεν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διετέλεσεν | punct | high |