Grammar parses for passage 3.7.2
Open translation for this passage
Εὐρυπῶντος δὲ υἱὸς γίνεται Πρύτανις.
Copular-like predication with γίνεται is straightforward; Πρύτανις is best taken as a predicate nominative or appositional complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐρυπῶντος | Εὐρυπών | PROPN | Ne-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 υἱὸς | nmod | high | Genitive proper name dependent on υἱός. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 γίνεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | υἱὸς | υἱός | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γίνεται | nsubj | high | Subject of γίνεται. |
| 4 | γίνεται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PII3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 5 | Πρύτανις | Πρύτανις | PROPN | Ne-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γίνεται | xcomp | medium | Likely predicate nominative/appositive with γίνεται; analysis uncertain. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 γίνεται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐπὶ μὲν δὴ Πρυτάνιδος τοῦ Εὐρυπῶντος τὸ ἔχθος τε Λακεδαιμονίοις ἤρξατο τὸ ἐς Ἀργείους καὶ ἔτι τοῦ ἐγκλήματος τούτου πρότερον Κυνουρεῦσιν ἐπολέμησαν·
The sentence is syntactically compressed, with a temporal frame at the front and two main clauses; the genitive phrase with πρότερον is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἤρξατο | advmod | medium | Introduces temporal phrase with genitive. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἤρξατο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἤρξατο | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | Πρυτάνιδος | Πρυτάνις | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπὶ | nmod | medium | Genitive with ἐπί. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Εὐρυπῶντος | det | high | Article. |
| 6 | Εὐρυπῶντος | Εὐρυπών | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Πρυτάνιδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Πρυτάνιδος. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἔχθος | det | high | Article. |
| 8 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἤρξατο | obj | high | Object/subject-like nominal with ἄρξατο; syntax slightly unusual. |
| 9 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἔχθος | cc | high | Enclitic conjunction particle. |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἔχθος | nmod | medium | Dative associated with ἔχθος, likely dative of interest/reference. |
| 11 | ἤρξατο | ἄρχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἐγκλήματος | det | high | Article. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἤρξατο | obl | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 14 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐς | obj | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | cc | high | Coordinates clauses. |
| 16 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 20 πρότερον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying πρότερον. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἐγκλήματος | det | high | Article. |
| 18 | ἐγκλήματος | ἔγκλημα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 πρότερον | obl | medium | Genitive with πρότερον, roughly 'before this accusation'. |
| 19 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 18 ἐγκλήματος | det | high | Demonstrative adjective/pronoun. |
| 20 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | _ | _ | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying ἐπολέμησαν. |
| 21 | Κυνουρεῦσιν | Κυνουρεῦς | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | obl | high | Dative object/target of warfare. |
| 22 | ἐπολέμησαν | πολεμέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Coordinated main verb; likely second clause sharing the temporal frame. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐπολέμησαν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὰς δὲ ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ γενεάς, Εὐνόμου τε τοῦ Πρυτάνιδος καὶ Πολυδέκτου τοῦ Εὐνόμου βασιλευόντων, ἐν εἰρήνῃ διετέλεσεν οὖσα ἡ Σπάρτη.
The genitive absolute is the main syntactic difficulty; ἐφεξῆς is treated as an attributive adverb modifying γενεάς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 γενεάς | obj | high | Article modifying γενεάς. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 19 διετέλεσεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | _ | _ | 5 γενεάς | amod | medium | Adverb used attributively with γενεάς. |
| 4 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 γενεάς | amod | high | Deictic modifier of γενεάς. |
| 5 | γενεάς | γενεά | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 διετέλεσεν | obj | high | Object of διετέλεσεν. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 γενεάς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | Εὐνόμου | Εὔνομος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλευόντων | nsubj | medium | Likely subject within the genitive absolute. |
| 8 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 7 Εὐνόμου | discourse | high | Enclitic connective in coordination. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Πρυτάνιδος | det | high | Article with Πρυτάνιδος. |
| 10 | Πρυτάνιδος | Πρυτάνις | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Εὐνόμου | nmod | high | Patronymic in genitive. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 Πολυδέκτου | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 12 | Πολυδέκτου | Πολύδεκτος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλευόντων | conj | medium | Second coordinated subject in genitive absolute. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Εὐνόμου | det | high | Article with Εὐνόμου. |
| 14 | Εὐνόμου | Εὔνομος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Πολυδέκτου | nmod | high | Patronymic dependent of Πολυδέκτου. |
| 15 | βασιλευόντων | βασιλεύω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 διετέλεσεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 βασιλευόντων | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 18 εἰρήνῃ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 18 | εἰρήνῃ | εἰρήνη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 διετέλεσεν | obl | high | Oblique adverbial complement. |
| 19 | διετέλεσεν | διατελέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 20 | οὖσα | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 διετέλεσεν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle agreeing with ἡ Σπάρτη. |
| 21 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Σπάρτη | det | high | Article with Σπάρτη. |
| 22 | Σπάρτη | Σπάρτη | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 οὖσα | nsubj | high | Subject of οὖσα. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διετέλεσεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |