Grammar parses for passage 3.7.6
Open translation for this passage
οὐ μὴν ἄπαις ἐτελεύτησεν ὁ Ἀρχίδαμος, Ζευξίδαμον δὲ ἀπολιπὼν υἱόν.
Main clause: οὐ μὴν ἄπαις ἐτελεύτησεν ὁ Ἀρχίδαμος; the nominative participle ἀπολιπών with accusative υἱόν is a supplementary/circumstantial participial clause, coordinated by δέ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μὴν | μήν | PART | X | _ | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | discourse | high | Adversative/discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἄπαις | ἄπαις | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with ἐτελεύτησεν. |
| 4 | ἐτελεύτησεν | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀρχίδαμος | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀρχίδαμος | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | Ζευξίδαμον | Ζευξίδαμος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπολιπὼν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἀπολιπών. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 ἀπολιπὼν | cc | high | Connective particle introducing the participial adjunct. |
| 10 | ἀπολιπὼν | ἀπολείπω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial/supplementary aorist participle; understood subject is Ἀρχίδαμος. |
| 11 | υἱόν | υἱός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπολιπὼν | obj | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐτελεύτησεν | punct | high |
Ζευξιδάμου δὲ Ἀναξίδαμος ὁ παῖς ἐκδέχεται τὴν ἀρχήν·
Ἀναξίδαμος ὁ παῖς is a name plus appositional ‘the son’; Ζευξιδάμου is a genitive patronymic dependent on the subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ζευξιδάμου | Ζευξίδαμος | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἀναξίδαμος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on Ἀναξίδαμος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-- | _ | 6 ἐκδέχεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἀναξίδαμος | Ἀναξίδαμος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παῖς | nsubj | high | Personal name, subject of ἐκδέχεται. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παῖς | det | high | |
| 5 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκδέχεται | nsubj | high | Appositional subject/predicate nominal with Ἀναξίδαμος. |
| 6 | ἐκδέχεται | ἐκδέχομαι | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκδέχεται | obj | high | |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκδέχεται | punct | high |
ἐπὶ τούτου Μεσσήνιοι φεύγουσιν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου, πολέμῳ τὸ δεύτερον κρατηθέντες ὑπὸ Σπαρτιατῶν.
The participial clause κρατηθέντες ὑπὸ Σπαρτιατῶν is coordinated semantically with the main event and expresses the cause/background of the Messenians’ flight; τὸ δεύτερον is a substantivized ordinal adverbial accusative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 τούτου | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 φεύγουσιν | obl | high | Temporal ἐπὶ τούτου: ‘at this point/in this circumstance’. |
| 3 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | NPM-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 φεύγουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | φεύγουσιν | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Πελοποννήσου | case | high | |
| 6 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 φεύγουσιν | obl | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φεύγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κρατηθέντες | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance/means: ‘in war/by war’. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 δεύτερον | det | high | |
| 10 | δεύτερον | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-NSA | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 κρατηθέντες | advmod | high | Substantivized ordinal, ‘for the second time’. |
| 11 | κρατηθέντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 φεύγουσιν | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, agreeing with Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Σπαρτιατῶν | case | high | |
| 13 | Σπαρτιατῶν | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 κρατηθέντες | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive participle. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φεύγουσιν | punct | high |
Ἀναξιδάμου δὲ υἱὸς ἐγένετο Ἀρχίδαμος, Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ Ἀγησικλῆς· καί σφισιν ὑπῆρξεν ἀμφοτέροις τὸν βίον διατελέσαι πάντα ἐν ἡσυχίᾳ καὶ πολέμων οὖσιν ἐκτός.
The first two clauses are genealogical: υἱὸς and Ἀγησικλῆς are nominative subjects with γενέτο understood/copular naming syntax. In the final clause, σφισιν is dative with ὑπῆρξεν, διατελέσαι is its complementary infinitive, and ἀμφοτέροις agrees with the understood subjects; οὖσιν is concessive circumstantial participle with πολέμων ἐκτός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀναξιδάμου | Ἀναξίδαμος | PROPN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 υἱὸς | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | υἱὸς | υἱός | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | v3saim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Naming/existential use: ‘there was/become’. |
| 5 | Ἀρχίδαμος | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | appos | high | Nominative name appositional to υἱός. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 7 | Ἀρχιδάμου | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀγησικλῆς | nmod | high | |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | cc | high | Connects the second genealogical clause. |
| 9 | Ἀγησικλῆς | Ἀγησικλῆς | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | nsubj | medium | Subject of an understood γενέτο/was-born clause; coordinated genealogical construction. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 11 | καί | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | cc | high | |
| 12 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | p----md- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/experiencer with ὑπῆρξεν. |
| 13 | ὑπῆρξεν | ὑπάρχω | VERB | v3s aai--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate of the final clause; punctuation separates it from the preceding genealogical clause. |
| 14 | ἀμφοτέροις | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | a-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | obl | high | Dative referring to both men; may be appositional/predicative with σφισιν. |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 βίον | det | high | |
| 16 | βίον | βίος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 διατελέσαι | obj | high | |
| 17 | διατελέσαι | διατελέω | VERB | v--aan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ὑπῆρξεν. |
| 18 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 διατελέσαι | advmod | medium | Accusative adverbial extent/duration: ‘all [their] life’; form agrees with βίον if read attributively, but position favors adverbial modification. |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 20 ἡσυχίᾳ | case | high | |
| 20 | ἡσυχίᾳ | ἡσυχία | NOUN | n-s---fl- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 διατελέσαι | obl | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 23 οὖσιν | cc | high | |
| 22 | πολέμων | πόλεμος | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἐκτός | obl | high | Genitive dependent on ἐκτός. |
| 23 | οὖσιν | εἰμί | AUX | v--papm-p | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Dual|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 διατελέσαι | advcl | medium | Circumstantial/concessive participle, agreeing with ἀμφοτέροις; dual dative. |
| 24 | ἐκτός | ἐκτός | ADV | d-------- | _ | 23 οὖσιν | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of οὖσιν: ‘outside/absent from wars’. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὑπῆρξεν | punct | high |