Grammar parses for passage 3.8.4
Open translation for this passage
τότε μὲν δὴ τοῦ θεοῦ σείσαντος ὀπίσω τὸ στράτευμα ἀπεχώρησεν ἄχρι Ὀλυμπίας καὶ τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ προελθόντες·
The syntax is straightforward until the final participial phrase, which is loosely attached and somewhat elliptical, especially with the genitive phrase τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | B | _ | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | discourse | high | Discourse particle, correlative with δὴ. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G | _ | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 σείσαντος | det | high | Article agreeing with θεοῦ. |
| 5 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 σείσαντος | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 6 | σείσαντος | σείω | VERB | V-AAP-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | advcl | high | Participle heading a genitive absolute. |
| 7 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | B | _ | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | advmod | high | Directional adverb modifying ἀπεχώρησεν. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 στράτευμα | det | high | Article with στράτευμα. |
| 9 | στράτευμα | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀπεχώρησεν. |
| 10 | ἀπεχώρησεν | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 11 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | R | _ | 12 Ὀλυμπίας | case | high | Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίας. |
| 12 | Ὀλυμπίας | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | Ne-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | obl | high | Prepositional object with ἄχρι. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | cc | medium | Coordinates the following participial phrase with the main clause loosely. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 προελθόντες | det | high | Article with Ἀλφειοῦ. |
| 15 | Ἀλφειοῦ | Ἀλφεῖος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 προελθόντες | obl | medium | Genitive noun with the participle; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 16 | προελθόντες | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | advcl | medium | Adverbial participle, likely loosely connected to the main clause; nominative plural suggests an omitted subject. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀπεχώρησεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τῷ δὲ ἐφεξῆς ἔτει τήν τε χώραν ἐδῄωσεν ὁ Ἆγις καὶ ἤλασε τῆς λείας τὴν πολλήν.
The coordination makes ἤλασε share the subject Ἆγις, and τῆς λείας τὴν πολλήν is somewhat elliptical/idiomatic, but the dependency structure is clear.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ἔτει | det | high | Article modifying ἔτει. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐδῄωσεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἔτει | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of ἔτει. |
| 4 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδῄωσεν | obl | high | Temporal dative dependent on ἐδῄωσεν. |
| 5 | τήν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χώραν | det | high | Article modifying χώραν. |
| 6 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 5 τήν | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective attached to the first coordinated object. |
| 7 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδῄωσεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐδῄωσεν. |
| 8 | ἐδῄωσεν | δηιόω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Ἆγις | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 10 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδῄωσεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐδῄωσεν and ἤλασε. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἤλασε | cc | high | Coordinates the second verb. |
| 12 | ἤλασε | ἐλαύνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἐδῄωσεν | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 λείας | det | high | Article with λείας. |
| 14 | λείας | λεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἤλασε | obj | high | Object/complement of ἤλασε in genitive; likely partitive/goal sense in context. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 πολλήν | det | high | Article with πολλήν. |
| 16 | πολλήν | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 λείας | amod | medium | Adjective modifying λείας; agrees in case/number/gender, though semantics are slightly unusual. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδῄωσεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ξενίας δὲ ἀνὴρ Ἠλεῖος Ἄγιδί τε ἰδίᾳ ξένος καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῦ κοινοῦ πρόξενος ἐπανέστη τῷ δήμῳ σὺν τοῖς τὰ χρήματα ἔχουσι·
The syntax is a bit compressed: Ξενίας ἀνὴρ Ἠλεῖος and the paired predicates ξένος / πρόξενος both relate to the main verb ἐπανέστη; the σὺν phrase introduces a dative participial group 'with those having the money'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ξενίας | Ξενίας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνὴρ | nsubj | high | Subject name. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 14 ἐπανέστη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπανέστη | nsubj | high | Appositive with Ξενίας. |
| 4 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Adjectival ethnicon modifying ἀνήρ. |
| 5 | Ἄγιδί | Ἄγις | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ξένος | obl | medium | Dative with ξένος, likely 'to Agis' / 'for Agis'. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | COORD | _ | 8 ξένος | cc | high | Enclitic coordinator. |
| 7 | ἰδίᾳ | ἰδίᾳ | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ξένος | advmod | medium | Adverbial use, 'privately/in his own right'. |
| 8 | ξένος | ξένος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπανέστη | xcomp | low | Likely predicative/appositional noun with ἀνήρ. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | COORD | _ | 8 ξένος | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 πρόξενος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of πρόξενος. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 κοινοῦ | det | high | Article with κοινοῦ. |
| 12 | κοινοῦ | κοινός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πρόξενος | amod | high | Attributive to πρόξενος within genitive phrase. |
| 13 | πρόξενος | πρόξενος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ξένος | conj | high | Conjoined predicate noun with ξένος. |
| 14 | ἐπανέστη | ἐπανίστημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 δήμῳ | det | high | Article with δήμῳ. |
| 16 | δήμῳ | δῆμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπανέστη | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπανέστη. |
| 17 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 ἔχουσι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 18 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 ἔχουσι | det | high | Article with participle phrase. |
| 19 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 χρήματα | det | high | Article with χρήματα. |
| 20 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ἔχουσι | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσι. |
| 21 | ἔχουσι | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 σὺν | obl | medium | Participial complement of σὺν; likely substantival 'those who have the money'. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐπανέστη | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
πρὶν δὲ Ἆγιν καὶ τὸν στρατὸν ἀφῖχθαί σφισιν ἀμύνοντας, Θρασυδαῖος προεστηκὼς τότε τοῦ Ἠλείων δήμου μάχῃ Ξενίαν καὶ τοὺς σὺν αὐτῷ κρατήσας ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς πόλεως.
The main difficulty is the sequence of participles and the infinitival temporal clause introduced by πρίν; the coordination under ἀφῖχθαί is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἀφῖχθαί | mark | high | Introduces infinitival temporal clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἆγιν | Ἄγις | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφῖχθαί | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive ἀφῖχθαί. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 στρατὸν | cc | high | Connects conjunct within object phrase. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 στρατὸν | det | high | Article modifying στρατόν. |
| 6 | στρατὸν | στρατός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφῖχθαί | obj | high | Second coordinated subject/object with Ἆγιν under infinitive. |
| 7 | ἀφῖχθαί | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 πρὶν | advcl | high | Infinitival clause dependent on πρίν. |
| 8 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἀμύνοντας | iobj | high | Dative with ἀμύνοντας. |
| 9 | ἀμύνοντας | ἀμύνω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἀφῖχθαί | advcl | medium | Participial clause; likely adverbial/attendant circumstance. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | Θρασυδαῖος | Θρασυδαῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐξέβαλεν. |
| 12 | προεστηκὼς | προΐστημι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying subject. |
| 13 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 δήμου | det | high | Article modifying δήμου. |
| 15 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖοι | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 δήμου | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of δήμου. |
| 16 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 προεστηκὼς | nmod | high | Genitive complement of προεστηκὼς. |
| 17 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | obl | high | Dative of manner/instrument. |
| 18 | Ξενίαν | Ξενίας | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 κρατήσας | obj | high | Direct object of κρατήσας. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 τοὺς | cc | high | Coordinates objects. |
| 20 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 κρατήσας | det | high | Article modifying implied noun with σὺν αὐτῷ. |
| 21 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | _ | _ | 22 αὐτῷ | case | high | Preposition governing dative αὐτῷ. |
| 22 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 21 σὺν | fixed | high | Object of σύν. |
| 23 | κρατήσας | κρατέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle preceding main verb. |
| 24 | ἐξέβαλεν | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 25 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 27 πόλεως | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεως. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 πόλεως | det | high | Article modifying πόλεως. |
| 27 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | obl | high | Source/ablative complement with ἐκ. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |