Grammar parses for passage 3.8.5
Open translation for this passage
Ἆγις δὲ ὡς ἀπήγαγεν ὀπίσω τὴν στρατιάν, Λυσίστρατον Σπαρτιάτην καὶ μοῖράν τε τῆς δυνάμεως καὶ Ἠλείων καταλείπει τοὺς φυγάδας, κακουργεῖν σφᾶς ὁμοῦ Λεπρεάταις τὴν χώραν.
The infinitive κακουργεῖν is treated as a complementary xcomp of καταλείπει, with σφᾶς as its accusative subject; ὁμοῦ + dative expresses accompaniment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | Ne-msc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπήγαγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 18 καταλείπει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C- | _ | 4 ἀπήγαγεν | mark | high | Introduces the temporal clause. |
| 4 | ἀπήγαγεν | ἀπάγω | VERB | V-3SAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 καταλείπει | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate verb. |
| 5 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D- | _ | 4 ἀπήγαγεν | advmod | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-afa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 στρατιάν | det | high | |
| 7 | στρατιάν | στρατιά | NOUN | N-afa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπήγαγεν | obj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἀπήγαγεν | punct | high | |
| 9 | Λυσίστρατον | Λυσίστρατος | PROPN | Ne-msa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 καταλείπει | obj | high | Accusative object of καταλείπει. |
| 10 | Σπαρτιάτην | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | N-msa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Λυσίστρατον | appos | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 μοῖράν | cc | high | |
| 12 | μοῖράν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-afa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 καταλείπει | obj | high | Coordinated accusative object. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 μοῖράν | cc | high | Correlative/coordinating particle. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S-efg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 δυνάμεως | det | high | |
| 15 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | N-efg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 μοῖράν | nmod | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 17 Ἠλείων | cc | high | |
| 17 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | Ne-gpn | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 μοῖράν | nmod | medium | Genitive ethnic expression; likely modifies μοῖραν. |
| 18 | καταλείπει | καταλείπω | VERB | V-3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-amp | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 φυγάδας | det | high | |
| 20 | φυγάδας | φυγάς | NOUN | N-amp | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 κακουργεῖν | obj | high | Accusative object of κακουργεῖν. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 καταλείπει | punct | high | |
| 22 | κακουργεῖν | κακουργέω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 καταλείπει | xcomp | medium | Complementary infinitive, with σφᾶς as its accusative subject. |
| 23 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3ap | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 22 κακουργεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 24 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D- | _ | 22 κακουργεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 25 | Λεπρεάταις | Λεπρεάτης | PROPN | Ne-dmp | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 κακουργεῖν | obl | high | Dative with ὁμοῦ, ‘together with’. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-afa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 χώραν | det | high | |
| 27 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-afa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 κακουργεῖν | obj | high | Second object of κακουργεῖν. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 καταλείπει | punct | high |
τρίτῳ δὲ ἔτει τοῦ πολέμου Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν καὶ Ἆγις παρεσκευάζοντο ὡς ἐς τὴν Ἠλείαν καὶ τότε ἐσβαλοῦντες·
Elliptical temporal clause: τρίτῳ ἔτει governs the dative ordinal; παρεσκευάζοντο is coordinated with the participial circumstance ἐσβαλοῦντες under ὡς, with Ἠλείαν as the destination. The construction and attachment of ὡς are somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρίτῳ | τρίτος | ADJ | A--DSM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτει | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἔτει. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 παρεσκευάζοντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-----DS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 παρεσκευάζοντο | obl | high | Temporal dative. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πολέμου | det | high | Article with πολέμου. |
| 5 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτει | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔτει: year of the war. |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne----NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 παρεσκευάζοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of παρεσκευάζοντο. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 6 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is not overtly present in this token span. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 Ἆγις | cc | high | Coordinates Ἆγις with Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 9 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | Ne-s---NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παρεσκευάζοντο | conj | high | Coordinated subject. |
| 10 | παρεσκευάζοντο | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V3PIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, middle voice: were preparing. |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἐσβαλοῦντες | mark | medium | Introduces a clause-like or purposive complement associated with the preparations. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Ἠλείαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P---ASF- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ἠλείαν | det | high | Article with Ἠλείαν. |
| 14 | Ἠλείαν | Ἠλεία | PROPN | Ne----AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐσβαλοῦντες | obl | high | Destination governed by ἐς. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 τότε | cc | medium | Coordinates τότε with the preceding destination phrase, likely adverbially. |
| 16 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 ἐσβαλοῦντες | advmod | high | Temporal adverb: then. |
| 17 | ἐσβαλοῦντες | ἐσβάλλω | VERB | V-PANPMP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 10 παρεσκευάζοντο | advcl | medium | Future active nominative participle agreeing with the plural subject; temporal/purpose-like relation under ὡς. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρεσκευάζοντο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
οἱ δὲ Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Θρασυδαῖος---κεκακωμένοι γὰρ ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον ἦσαν--- συγχωροῦσι μήτε τῶν περιοίκων ἔτι ἄρχειν καὶ τοῦ ἄστεως κατερεῖψαι τὸ τεῖχος, Λακεδαιμονίους τε ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ θύειν τῷ θεῷ καὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐξεῖναί σφισιν ἀγωνίζεσθαι.
The infinitival complement of συγχωροῦσι is coordinated: μήτε + ἄρχειν, καὶ κατερεῖψαι, τε ... θύειν ... καὶ ἐξεῖναι ... ἀγωνίζεσθαι. The three dash tokens are treated as punctuation; Ἠλεῖοι and Θρασυδαῖος are coordinated subjects, with κεκακωμένοι ... ἦσαν parenthetical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Ἠλεῖοι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 18 συγχωροῦσι | cc | high | Postpositive adversative coordinator. |
| 3 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A--NMP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 συγχωροῦσι | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 5 Θρασυδαῖος | cc | high | |
| 5 | Θρασυδαῖος | Θρασυδαῖος | PROPN | A-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 συγχωροῦσι | nsubj | high | Proper name coordinated with Ἠλεῖοι; singular subject. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 κεκακωμένοι | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 κεκακωμένοι | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 κεκακωμένοι | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 9 | κεκακωμένοι | κακόω | VERB | VPRPNMP--- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 14 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle with ἦσαν, circumstantial/predicative. |
| 10 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 14 ἦσαν | mark | high | Causal parenthetical particle. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 13 ἔσχατον | case | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἔσχατον | det | high | |
| 13 | ἔσχατον | ἔσχατος | ADJ | A--NAS--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 κεκακωμένοι | obl | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘to the extreme’. |
| 14 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 18 συγχωροῦσι | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical finite verb; syntactically linked to the main predicate. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦσαν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦσαν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦσαν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 18 | συγχωροῦσι | συγχωρέω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 23 ἄρχειν | cc | high | Negative coordinator introducing the first infinitive. |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GP-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 περιοίκων | det | high | |
| 21 | περιοίκων | περίοικος | NOUN | A--GMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἄρχειν | obj | high | Genitive object of ἄρχειν. |
| 22 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D--------- | _ | 23 ἄρχειν | advmod | high | |
| 23 | ἄρχειν | ἄρχω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 συγχωροῦσι | xcomp | high | First infinitive complement of συγχωροῦσι. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 27 κατερεῖψαι | cc | high | |
| 25 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GS-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 ἄστεως | det | high | |
| 26 | ἄστεως | ἄστυ | NOUN | N--GSN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 κατερεῖψαι | obl | high | Genitive dependent on κατερεῖψαι, likely ‘of the city’. |
| 27 | κατερεῖψαι | καταρίπτω | VERB | V--AAN--- | Aspect=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 συγχωροῦσι | xcomp | high | Second coordinated infinitive. |
| 28 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 τεῖχος | det | high | |
| 29 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N--NAS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 κατερεῖψαι | obj | high | |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 συγχωροῦσι | punct | high | |
| 31 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A--APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 θύειν | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the following infinitival construction, with τε ... καὶ. |
| 32 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 36 θύειν | cc | high | |
| 33 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 34 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 34 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 θύειν | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 42 ἐξεῖναί | cc | high | Coordinates θύειν and ἐξεῖναι. |
| 36 | θύειν | θύω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 συγχωροῦσι | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated with the preceding complements; Λακεδαιμονίους is its accusative subject/object-like controller. |
| 37 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 38 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 38 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N--DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 θύειν | obl | high | Dative recipient/deity of sacrifice. |
| 39 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 42 ἐξεῖναί | cc | high | |
| 40 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----AM-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 41 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 41 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N--AMS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 ἀγωνίζεσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἀγωνίζεσθαι. |
| 42 | ἐξεῖναί | ἔξεστι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 συγχωροῦσι | xcomp | high | Impersonal infinitive, ‘to be permitted’; takes σφισιν as dative experiencer and ἀγωνίζεσθαι as complement. |
| 43 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3---DP- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 42 ἐξεῖναί | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/agent with ἐξεῖναι; spelling lacks accent in input. |
| 44 | ἀγωνίζεσθαι | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V--PMN--- | Aspect=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 42 ἐξεῖναί | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐξεῖναι. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 συγχωροῦσι | punct | high |