Grammar parses for passage 3.8.6
Open translation for this passage
ἐνέβαλλε δὲ καὶ ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν συνεχῶς ὁ Ἆγις στρατιᾷ καὶ ἐπετείχισε φρούριον Ἀθηναίοις τὸ ἐν Δεκελείᾳ·
Two coordinated main verbs share the same subject ὁ Ἆγις; the second clause has a dative recipient and a locative noun phrase modifying φρούριον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνέβαλλε | ἐμβάλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first coordinated clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλλε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλλε | cc | high | Connects the prepositional phrase to the verb. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 6 Ἀττικὴν | case | high | Introduces direction into Attica. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-FA-S | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀττικὴν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀττικὴν. |
| 6 | Ἀττικὴν | Ἀττική | PROPN | N-FA-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐνέβαλλε | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς. |
| 7 | συνεχῶς | συνεχῶς | ADV | D | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλλε | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐνέβαλλε. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NM-S | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Ἆγις | det | high | Article with subject name. |
| 9 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | N-NM-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπετείχισε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπετείχισε. |
| 10 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | N-DS-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπετείχισε | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument or attendant circumstance. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐπετείχισε | cc | high | Coordinates the second verb with the first clause. |
| 12 | ἐπετείχισε | ἐπιτειχίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 ἐνέβαλλε | conj | high | Second coordinated main verb. |
| 13 | φρούριον | φρούριον | NOUN | N-AN-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπετείχισε | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπετείχισε. |
| 14 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-DM-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπετείχισε | obl | medium | Dative recipient/beneficiary. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NA-S | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 φρούριον | det | high | Article modifying ἐν Δεκελείᾳ phrase used attributively. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 17 Δεκελείᾳ | case | high | Preposition introducing locative modifier. |
| 17 | Δεκελείᾳ | Δεκέλεια | PROPN | N-DF-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 φρούριον | nmod | medium | Locative modifier of φρούριον. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλλε | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
καταλυθέντος δὲ ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς τοῦ Ἀθηναίων ναυτικοῦ Λύσανδρος ὁ Ἀριστοκρίτου καὶ Ἆγις ὅρκους μὲν θεῶν ὑπερέβησαν, οὓς ὤμοσαν Ἀθηναίοις ἐν κοινῷ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, κατὰ σφᾶς δὲ αὐτοὶ καὶ οὐ μετὰ Σπαρτιατῶν τοῦ κοινοῦ τὸ βούλευμα ἐς τοὺς συμμάχους ἐξήνεγκαν ἐκκόψαι προρρίζους τὰς Ἀθήνας.
The sentence contains a genitive absolute plus a second coordinated main clause; the infinitive ἐκκόψαι is best treated as complementary/purpose-like after ἐξήνεγκαν, though the exact control is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταλυθέντος | καταλύω | VERB | V-APP-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 Λύσανδρος | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle with following genitive subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 17 ὑπερέβησαν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ποταμοῖς | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 4 | Αἰγὸς | Αἴγος | PROPN | NE-??? | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ποταμοῖς | nmod | medium | Proper name in genitive within place expression; form is unusual/possibly poetic or orthographic. |
| 5 | ποταμοῖς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 καταλυθέντος | obl | high | Part of prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ναυτικοῦ | det | high | Article modifying ναυτικοῦ. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖοι | PROPN | NE-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ναυτικοῦ | nmod | high | Dependent genitive of possession. |
| 8 | ναυτικοῦ | ναυτικός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 Λύσανδρος | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the absolute construction, modified by article and genitive of possession. |
| 9 | Λύσανδρος | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | NE-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὑπερέβησαν | nsubj | high | Main-clause subject. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ἀριστοκρίτου | det | high | Article before patronymic. |
| 11 | Ἀριστοκρίτου | Ἀριστόκριτος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Λύσανδρος | appos | high | Patronymic in apposition to Λύσανδρος. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 Ἆγις | cc | high | Coordinates the two subjects. |
| 13 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | NE-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Λύσανδρος | conj | high | Coordinated subject. |
| 14 | ὅρκους | ὅρκος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ὑπερέβησαν | obj | high | Direct object of ὑπερέβησαν. |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 14 ὅρκους | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ὅρκους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὅρκους. |
| 17 | ὑπερέβησαν | ὑπερβαίνω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὑπερέβησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | R-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 20 ὤμοσαν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to ὅρκους. |
| 20 | ὤμοσαν | ὄμνυμι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ὅρκους | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ὅρκους. |
| 21 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖοι | PROPN | NE-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ὤμοσαν | obl | high | Dative recipient/indirect object. |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 24 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 23 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | amod | high | Adjective modifying Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 24 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | NE-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ὤμοσαν | obl | medium | Likely dative with ἐν κοινῷ; form may reflect an enclitic/idiomatic dative expression. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὑπερέβησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 26 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 29 αὐτοὶ | case | high | Introduces distributive/according-to phrase. |
| 27 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 29 αὐτοὶ | obl | high | Reflexive/third-person pronoun in object-like phrase. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 29 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | A-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject pronoun. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 31 οὐ | cc | high | Coordinates negation phrase. |
| 31 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 32 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 33 Σπαρτιατῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 33 | Σπαρτιατῶν | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | NE-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 34 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 βούλευμα | det | high | Article modifying βούλευμα. |
| 35 | κοινοῦ | κοινός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 βούλευμα | amod | high | Adjective modifying βούλευμα. |
| 36 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 βούλευμα | det | high | Article modifying βούλευμα. |
| 37 | βούλευμα | βούλευμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐξήνεγκαν. |
| 38 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 40 συμμάχους | case | high | Introduces goal phrase. |
| 39 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 συμμάχους | det | high | Article modifying συμμάχους. |
| 40 | συμμάχους | σύμμαχος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | obl | high | Object of preposition ἐς. |
| 41 | ἐξήνεγκαν | ἐκφέρω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main predicate; coordinates with preceding clause semantically. |
| 42 | ἐκκόψαι | ἐκκόπτω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive expressing purpose/content. |
| 43 | προρρίζους | προρρίζος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 ἐκκόψαι | obj | medium | Object/complement of ἐκκόψαι; syntactic relation somewhat uncertain. |
| 44 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 45 Ἀθήνας | det | high | Article modifying Ἀθήνας. |
| 45 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | NE-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 42 ἐκκόψαι | obj | high | Object of ἐκκόψαι. |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἐξήνεγκαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |