Grammar parses for passage 3.9.3
Open translation for this passage
ἀπεστάλη δὲ καὶ ἐς Θήβας πρεσβεύειν Ἀριστομηλίδας, μητρὸς μὲν τῆς Ἀγησιλάου πατήρ, Θηβαίοις δὲ εἶχεν ἐπιτηδείως καὶ ἐγεγόνει τῶν δικαστῶν, οἳ Πλαταιεῦσιν ἁλόντος τοῦ τείχους ἀποθανεῖν τοὺς ἐγκαταληφθέντας ἔγνωσαν.
The sentence has an impersonal passive ἀπεστάλη with an accusative-and-infinitive purpose/complement; Ἀριστομηλίδας is the understood subject of πρεσβεύειν and appositional/nominally linked to the following parenthetic genealogy. The relative clause has genitive absolute Πλαταιεῦσιν ἁλόντος τοῦ τείχους and an accusative subject/object construction with ἔγνωσαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπεστάλη | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V3SAPI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπεστάλη | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 πρεσβεύειν | advmod | medium | Connective/adverbial καί. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Θήβας | case | high | |
| 5 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 πρεσβεύειν | obl | high | |
| 6 | πρεσβεύειν | πρεσβεύω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἀπεστάλη | xcomp | high | Infinitive of purpose/complement. |
| 7 | Ἀριστομηλίδας | Ἀριστομηλίδας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πρεσβεύειν | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 Ἀριστομηλίδας | punct | high | |
| 9 | μητρὸς | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πατήρ | nmod | high | Genitive in parenthetic genealogy. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 9 μητρὸς | discourse | high | |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Ἀγησιλάου | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀγησιλάου | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μητρὸς | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: mother of Agesilaus. |
| 13 | πατήρ | πατήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀριστομηλίδας | appos | medium | Parenthetic predicate/apposition, understood as father of the mother. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 πατήρ | punct | high | |
| 15 | Θηβαίοις | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 εἶχεν | obl | high | Dative with εἶχεν: relations toward the Thebans. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 εἶχεν | cc | high | |
| 17 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V3SIAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 7 Ἀριστομηλίδας | conj | high | Predicate coordinated with ἐγεγόνει. |
| 18 | ἐπιτηδείως | ἐπιτηδείως | ADV | ADV | _ | 17 εἶχεν | advmod | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐγεγόνει | cc | high | |
| 20 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3PLAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|Voice=Act | 7 Ἀριστομηλίδας | conj | high | Form traditionally analyzed as pluperfect of γίγνομαι; semantic sense ‘had been/become’. |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 δικαστῶν | det | high | |
| 22 | δικαστῶν | δικαστής | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐγεγόνει | obl | medium | Genitive of membership/association: one of the judges. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 24 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | R-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἔγνωσαν | nsubj | high | Relative subject, referring to the judges. |
| 25 | Πλαταιεῦσιν | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ἁλόντος | obl | high | Dative in the genitive absolute construction. |
| 26 | ἁλόντος | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-2SAPMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 32 ἔγνωσαν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with τοῦ τείχους; form is genitive masculine singular. |
| 27 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 τείχους | det | high | Gender feature follows the neuter noun. |
| 28 | τείχους | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἁλόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of ἁλόντος in the genitive absolute. |
| 29 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 32 ἔγνωσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔγνωσαν. |
| 30 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 ἐγκαταληφθέντας | det | high | |
| 31 | ἐγκαταληφθέντας | ἐγκαταλείπω | VERB | V-2PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 29 ἀποθανεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 32 | ἔγνωσαν | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V3PAAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 24 οἳ | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἔγνωσαν | punct | high |
Ἀγησίλαος δέ, ὡς αὐτῷ τά τε οἴκοθεν καὶ παρὰ τῶν συμμάχων τὸ στράτευμα ἤθροιστο καὶ ἅμα αἱ νῆες εὐτρεπεῖς ἦσαν, ἀφίκετο ἐς Αὐλίδα τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι θύσων, ὅτι καὶ Ἀγαμέμνων ἐνταῦθα ἱλασάμενος τὴν θεὸν τὸν ἐς Τροίαν στόλον ἤγαγεν.
The ὡς-clause gives the circumstances preceding ἀφίκετο; ἤθροιστο is pluperfect middle/passive, and θύσων is a purposive future active participle. In the final clause, ὅτι is causal, while τὸν στόλον is the object of ἤγαγεν and ἐς Τροίαν modifies στόλον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀγησίλαος | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 23 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 23 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 15 ἤθροιστο | mark | high | Temporal/circumstantial subordinate conjunction. |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ἤθροιστο | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/agent-like participant with ἤθροιστο. |
| 6 | τά | ὁ | DET | L--PNN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 οἴκοθεν | det | high | |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 8 οἴκοθεν | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 8 | οἴκοθεν | οἴκοθεν | ADV | D--------- | _ | 15 ἤθροιστο | obl | high | Source adverb, ‘from home’. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 14 στράτευμα | cc | high | Coordinates the two sources of the army. |
| 10 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 συμμάχων | case | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L--PGM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 συμμάχων | det | high | |
| 12 | συμμάχων | σύμμαχος | NOUN | N--PGM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 στράτευμα | nmod | high | Genitive with παρά, source. |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 στράτευμα | det | high | |
| 14 | στράτευμα | στράτευμα | NOUN | N--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἤθροιστο | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive/middle ἤθροιστο. |
| 15 | ἤθροιστο | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V3PIAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|Voice=Mid | 23 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Pluperfect middle/passive, ‘had been gathered’. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 21 ἦσαν | advmod | high | ‘At the same time’. |
| 18 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | L--PNF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 νῆες | det | high | |
| 19 | νῆες | ναῦς | NOUN | N--PNF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | εὐτρεπεῖς | εὐτρεπής | ADJ | A--PNF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 21 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 15 ἤθροιστο | conj | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 23 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V3PAMI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 25 Αὐλίδα | case | high | |
| 25 | Αὐλίδα | Αὐλίς | PROPN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Destination. |
| 26 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Ἀρτέμιδι | det | high | |
| 27 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 θύσων | obl | high | Dative of the deity receiving sacrifice. |
| 28 | θύσων | θύω | VERB | V-SPA---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Future participle of purpose. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 23 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 30 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 41 ἤγαγεν | mark | high | Causal ‘because’, not completive. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 32 Ἀγαμέμνων | advmod | high | ‘Also/even’. |
| 32 | Ἀγαμέμνων | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἤγαγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 33 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 41 ἤγαγεν | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 34 | ἱλασάμενος | ἱλάομαι | VERB | V-SAMNM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 41 ἤγαγεν | advcl | high | Aorist middle participle, ‘having propitiated’. |
| 35 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 36 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 36 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἱλασάμενος | obj | high | Feminine θεόν here, referring to Artemis. |
| 37 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 40 στόλον | det | high | |
| 38 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 39 Τροίαν | case | high | |
| 39 | Τροίαν | Τροία | PROPN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 στόλον | nmod | high | Destination modifying στόλον. |
| 40 | στόλον | στόλος | NOUN | N--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἤγαγεν | obj | high | |
| 41 | ἤγαγεν | ἄγω | VERB | V3SAAI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 23 ἀφίκετο | ccomp | high | Finite verb in the causal subordinate clause. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 23 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |