Grammar parses for passage 3.9.6
Open translation for this passage
γενομένης δὲ πρὸς Τισσαφέρνην σατράπην τῶν περὶ Ἰωνίαν μάχης ἐν Ἕρμου πεδίῳ τήν τε ἵππον τῶν Περσῶν ἐνίκησεν ὁ Ἀγησίλαος καὶ τὸ πεζὸν τότε πλεῖστον ἀθροισθὲν μετά γε τὸν Ξέρξου καὶ πρότερον ἔτι ἐπὶ Σκύθας Δαρείου καὶ ἐπὶ Ἀθήνας στρατόν.
The long sentence hinges on ἐνίκησεν, with a preceding genitive absolute and several coordinated accusative objects and prepositional phrases modifying the participial clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-APM-NSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 μάχης | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 18 ἐνίκησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 5 σατράπην | case | high | With motion/toward relation. |
| 4 | Τισσαφέρνην | Τισσαφέρνης | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 σατράπην | nmod | high | Object of πρός. |
| 5 | σατράπην | σατράπης | NOUN | Nb-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μάχης | obl | high | Appositive/identifier of Τισσαφέρνην. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Pd-p---gn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 μάχης | det | high | Determines μάχης. |
| 7 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R- | _ | 8 Ἰωνίαν | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 8 | Ἰωνίαν | Ἰωνία | PROPN | Ne-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 μάχης | nmod | high | Object of περὶ. |
| 9 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | Nb-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνίκησεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute head with participle 1. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 12 πεδίῳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 11 | Ἕρμου | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 πεδίῳ | nmod | medium | Likely genitive in place-name Ἕρμου πεδίῳ. |
| 12 | πεδίῳ | πεδίον | NOUN | Nb-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνίκησεν | obl | high | Locative phrase with ἐν. |
| 13 | τήν | ὁ | DET | Pd-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἵππον | det | high | Determines ἵππον. |
| 14 | τε | τε | PART | G- | _ | 13 τήν | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 15 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | Nb-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνίκησεν | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἐνίκησεν. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Pd-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Περσῶν | det | high | Determines Περσῶν. |
| 17 | Περσῶν | Πέρσης | PROPN | Ne-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἵππον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἵππον. |
| 18 | ἐνίκησεν | νικάω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 19 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Pd-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἀγησίλαος | det | high | Determines Ἀγησίλαος. |
| 20 | Ἀγησίλαος | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | Ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνίκησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνίκησεν. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 18 ἐνίκησεν | cc | high | Coordinates two objects. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Pd-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 πεζὸν | det | high | Determines πεζόν. |
| 23 | πεζὸν | πεζός | ADJ | A--s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐνίκησεν | obj | high | Second coordinated object, substantivized. |
| 24 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D- | _ | 26 ἀθροισθὲν | advmod | high | Temporal modifier of participle. |
| 25 | πλεῖστον | πολύς | ADJ | A--s---na-s | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἀθροισθὲν | advmod | medium | Adverbial/intensifying use modifying ἀθροισθέν. |
| 26 | ἀθροισθὲν | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V-APP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 23 πεζὸν | acl | high | Participial modifier of τὸ πεζόν. |
| 27 | μετά | μετά | ADP | R- | _ | 30 Ξέρξου | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 28 | γε | γε | PART | G- | _ | 30 Ξέρξου | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 29 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Pd-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Ξέρξου | det | high | Likely articular use with proper name. |
| 30 | Ξέρξου | Ξέρξης | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἀθροισθὲν | obl | high | Object of μετά; form is genitive despite article. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 18 ἐνίκησεν | cc | high | Coordinates another phrase. |
| 32 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D- | _ | 33 ἔτι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 33 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D- | _ | 18 ἐνίκησεν | advmod | high | Further temporal modifier. |
| 34 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 35 Σκύθας | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 35 | Σκύθας | Σκύθης | PROPN | Ne-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 στρατόν | obl | high | Object of ἐπί in a directional/historical phrase. |
| 36 | Δαρείου | Δαρεῖος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 στρατόν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of στρατόν. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 40 στρατόν | cc | high | Coordinates two ἐπὶ-phrases. |
| 38 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 39 Ἀθήνας | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 39 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθήνη | PROPN | Ne-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 40 στρατόν | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 40 | στρατόν | στρατός | NOUN | Nb-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἀθροισθὲν | obl | high | Further coordinated object/complement within participial phrase. |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐνίκησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὁ δὲ ταῖς μὲν τριήρεσιν ἐπέστησεν ἡγεμόνα Πείσανδρον---τοῦ Πεισάνδρου δὲ ἐτύγχανε συνοικῶν ἀδελφῇ---, τῷ πολέμῳ δὲ αὐτὸς κατὰ γῆν προσεῖχεν ἐρρωμένως.
The sentence consists of a main clause with an inserted parenthetical genitive absolute-like/temporal participial clause, followed by a second main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Pp-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἐπέστησεν | nsubj | high | Article functioning as subject with δέ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 ἐπέστησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | Pp-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 τριήρεσιν | det | high | Modifies τριήρεσιν. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 ταῖς | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 5 | τριήρεσιν | τριήρης | NOUN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἐπέστησεν | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπέστησεν. |
| 6 | ἐπέστησεν | ἐφίστημι | VERB | V-3aaia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 7 | ἡγεμόνα | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπέστησεν | obj | high | Predicative/object complement with appointed person. |
| 8 | Πείσανδρον | Πείσανδρος | PROPN | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἡγεμόνα | appos | high | Apposition to ἡγεμόνα. |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Πείσανδρον | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Πείσανδρον | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Πείσανδρον | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Pp-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Πεισάνδρου | det | high | Article with Πεισάνδρου. |
| 13 | Πεισάνδρου | Πείσανδρος | PROPN | A-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 συνοικῶν | nsubj | high | Subject of participle συνοικῶν. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 ἐτύγχανε | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 15 | ἐτύγχανε | τυγχάνω | VERB | V-3iiaia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 6 ἐπέστησεν | parataxis | medium | Introduces parenthetical clause; linked to main clause. |
| 16 | συνοικῶν | συνοικέω | VERB | V-ppamn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐτύγχανε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle dependent on ἐτύγχανε. |
| 17 | ἀδελφῇ | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 συνοικῶν | obl | high | Dative complement of συνοικῶν. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Πεισάνδρου | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Πεισάνδρου | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Πεισάνδρου | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐτύγχανε | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Pp-s---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 πολέμῳ | det | high | Article with πολέμῳ. |
| 23 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 προσεῖχεν | obl | high | Dative of respect/advantage with προσεῖχεν. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 28 προσεῖχεν | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 25 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | A-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 28 προσεῖχεν | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject. |
| 26 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 γῆν | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 27 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 προσεῖχεν | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 28 | προσεῖχεν | προσέχω | VERB | V-3iiaia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of final clause. |
| 29 | ἐρρωμένως | ἐρρωμένως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 28 προσεῖχεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying προσεῖχεν. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 προσεῖχεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |