Grammar parses for passage 3.9.7
Open translation for this passage
καί οἱ θεῶν τις ἐβάσκηνε μὴ ἀγαγεῖν τὰ βουλεύματα ἐς τέλος.
The phrase οἱ θεῶν is syntactically difficult; I have taken it as a genitive plural subject-like phrase with article, though the construction may be idiomatic or textually uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἐβάσκηνε | cc | high | Coordinating clause linker. |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 θεῶν | det | medium | Likely article with genitive noun; form could also be pronominal in some contexts. |
| 3 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐβάσκηνε | nsubj | medium | Genitive plural with article; syntax somewhat uncertain, but likely the subject/source phrase of the verb. |
| 4 | τις | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Com|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 5 ἐβάσκηνε | nsubj | high | Indefinite pronoun as subject. |
| 5 | ἐβάσκηνε | βασκαίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἀγαγεῖν | advmod | high | Negator with infinitive. |
| 7 | ἀγαγεῖν | ἄγω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἐβάσκηνε | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 βουλεύματα | det | high | Article modifying noun. |
| 9 | βουλεύματα | βούλευμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἀγαγεῖν | obj | high | Object of the infinitive. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 11 τέλος | case | high | Preposition governing τέλος. |
| 11 | τέλος | τέλος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀγαγεῖν | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐβάσκηνε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὡς γὰρ δὴ ἐπύθετο Ἀρταξέρξης μάχας τε ἃς ἐνίκησεν Ἀγησίλαος καὶ ὡς ἐς τὸ πρόσω χειρούμενος τὰ ἐν ποσὶ πρόεισιν ἀεὶ σὺν τῷ στρατῷ, Τισσαφέρνην μὲν καίπερ τὰ πρότερα εὐεργέτην ὄντα ζημιοῖ θανάτῳ, Τιθραύστην δὲ κατέπεμψεν ἐπὶ θάλασσαν, καὶ φρονῆσαί τε δεινὸν καί τι καὶ ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ἔχοντα δυσνοίας.
The syntax is highly paratactic, with several ὡς- and participial/complement constructions; the final infinitival sequence is especially uncertain in attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐπύθετο | mark | high | Introduces indirect explanation/complement clause. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐπύθετο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐπύθετο | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ἐπύθετο | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-3AMI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 5 | Ἀρταξέρξης | Ἀρταξέρξης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπύθετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπύθετο. |
| 6 | μάχας | μάχη | NOUN | N-APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἐπύθετο | obj | high | Object of ἐπύθετο. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 6 μάχας | cc | medium | Correlative particle linking μάχας with the following clause. |
| 8 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 9 ἐνίκησεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to μάχας. |
| 9 | ἐνίκησεν | νικάω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 μάχας | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying μάχας. |
| 10 | Ἀγησίλαος | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐνίκησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνίκησεν. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ὡς | cc | high | Connects clauses. |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 33 ζημιοῖ | mark | medium | Likely introduces another indirect/complement clause after the first narrative segment. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 15 πρόσω | case | high | Preposition governing πρόσω. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πρόσω | det | high | Article with πρόσω. |
| 15 | πρόσω | πρόσω | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 χειρούμενος | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative with ἐς, 'forward'. |
| 16 | χειρούμενος | χειρόομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 33 ζημιοῖ | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying ζημιοῖ. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 πρόεισιν | obj | high | Article with ἐν ποσὶ phrase. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 19 ποσὶ | case | high | Preposition in idiom ἐν ποσὶ. |
| 19 | ποσὶ | πούς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 πρόεισιν | obl | high | Part of idiom 'at one's feet'. |
| 20 | πρόεισιν | πρόειμι | VERB | V-3PAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 χειρούμενος | advcl | medium | Finite verb within the participial frame; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 21 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | D | _ | 20 πρόεισιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying πρόεισιν. |
| 22 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | _ | _ | 24 στρατῷ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 23 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 στρατῷ | det | high | Article with στρατῷ. |
| 24 | στρατῷ | στρατός | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 πρόεισιν | obl | high | Accompanies πρόεισιν. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπύθετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 26 | Τισσαφέρνην | Τισσαφέρνης | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ζημιοῖ | obj | high | Direct object of ζημιοῖ. |
| 27 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 26 Τισσαφέρνην | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 28 | καίπερ | καίπερ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 32 ὄντα | mark | high | Concessive subordinator. |
| 29 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 πρότερα | det | high | Article with πρότερα. |
| 30 | πρότερα | πρότερος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 ὄντα | obl | medium | Temporal/causal accusative within participial phrase. |
| 31 | εὐεργέτην | εὐεργέτης | NOUN | N-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ὄντα | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of ὄντα. |
| 32 | ὄντα | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 Τισσαφέρνην | acl | high | Participial clause modifying Τισσαφέρνην. |
| 33 | ζημιοῖ | ζημιόω | VERB | V-3PAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 ὡς | conj | medium | Second main verb; connected to earlier ὡς-clause. |
| 34 | θανάτῳ | θάνατος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ζημιοῖ | obl | high | Dative of penalty/instrument. |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ζημιοῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 36 | Τιθραύστην | Τιθραύστης | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 κατέπεμψεν | obj | high | Direct object of κατέπεμψεν. |
| 37 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 38 κατέπεμψεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 38 | κατέπεμψεν | καταπέμπω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 ὡς | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 39 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 40 θάλασσαν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 40 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 κατέπεμψεν | obl | high | Goal/source complement with ἐπί. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 κατέπεμψεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 42 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 43 φρονῆσαί | cc | high | Coordinates infinitival/participial material. |
| 43 | φρονῆσαί | φρονέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely resumptive/ellipsis with infinitival construction; uncertain attachment. |
| 44 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 43 φρονῆσαί | discourse | high | Enclitic connecting the infinitival phrase. |
| 45 | δεινὸν | δεινός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 43 φρονῆσαί | obj | low | Possibly predicate/object with infinitive; syntax uncertain. |
| 46 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 47 τι | cc | high | Connects ἕν/τι phrase items. |
| 47 | τι | τίς | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 45 δεινὸν | conj | medium | Indefinite pronoun modifying the preceding notion. |
| 48 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 49 ἐς | cc | high | Connects prepositional phrase. |
| 49 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 51 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | Preposition. |
| 50 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 51 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | Article with Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 51 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 52 ἔχοντα | obl | high | Object of ἔχοντα with preposition ἐς. |
| 52 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 43 φρονῆσαί | advcl | medium | Participial modifier; agrees by sense with the suppressed referent. |
| 53 | δυσνοίας | δυσνοία | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 52 ἔχοντα | obj | medium | Plural form as transmitted; case/number somewhat uncertain in context. |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 43 φρονῆσαί | punct | high | Punctuation. |