Grammar parses for passage 4.1.5
Open translation for this passage
πρῶτοι δʼ οὖν βασιλεύουσιν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ ταύτῃ Πολυκάων τε ὁ Λέλεγος καὶ Μεσσήνη γυνὴ τοῦ Πολυκάονος.
The clause has a coordination of two nominative subjects after the verb; πρῶτοι is best taken adverbially with the verb rather than as a predicate adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-;NOM;M;PL | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 βασιλεύουσιν | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial ‘first/firstly’ modifying the verb. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 βασιλεύουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PART | _ | 4 βασιλεύουσιν | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | βασιλεύουσιν | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 7 χώρᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 χώρᾳ | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλεύουσιν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique. |
| 8 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | PD-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 χώρᾳ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying χώρα. |
| 9 | Πολυκάων | Πολυκάων | PROPN | NE-NOM-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλεύουσιν | nsubj | high | First subject in coordinated list. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Πολυκάων | cc | high | Enclitic connective joining names. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Λέλεγος | det | high | Article with epithet. |
| 12 | Λέλεγος | Λέλεγος | PROPN | NE-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πολυκάων | appos | high | Appositive epithet/name. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Πολυκάων | cc | high | Coordinator linking the two rulers. |
| 14 | Μεσσήνη | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | NE-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Πολυκάων | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 15 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Μεσσήνη | appos | high | Apposition identifying Μεσσήνη as wife. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Πολυκάονος | det | high | Article. |
| 17 | Πολυκάονος | Πολυκάων | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 γυνὴ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of γυνή. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 βασιλεύουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
παρὰ ταύτην τὴν Μεσσήνην τὰ ὄργια κομίζων τῶν Μεγάλων θεῶν Καύκων ἦλθεν ἐξ Ἐλευσῖνος ὁ Κελαινοῦ τοῦ Φλύου.
The syntax is straightforward overall; the main ambiguity is the genitive phrase Καύκων, which likely further specifies τῶν Μεγάλων θεῶν or stands in loose apposition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 12 ἦλθεν | obl | high | Takes accusative here. |
| 2 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 Μεσσήνην | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Μεσσήνην. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Μεσσήνην | det | high | Article with proper noun. |
| 4 | Μεσσήνην | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 παρὰ | nmod | high | Object of παρὰ in spatial sense. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ὄργια | det | high | Article with ὄργια. |
| 6 | ὄργια | ὄργιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 κομίζων | obj | high | Object of κομίζων. |
| 7 | κομίζων | κομίζω | VERB | PAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἦλθεν | advcl | high | Nominative participle agreeing with subject ὁ Κελαινοῦ. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 θεῶν | det | high | Article with θεῶν. |
| 9 | Μεγάλων | μέγας | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 θεῶν | amod | high | Attributive adjective with θεῶν. |
| 10 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ὄργια | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ὄργια. |
| 11 | Καύκων | Καύκων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 θεῶν | nmod | medium | Likely ethnic/name in apposition or further genitive specification of θεῶν. |
| 12 | ἦλθεν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 12 ἦλθεν | obl | high | Introduces source phrase. |
| 14 | Ἐλευσῖνος | Ἐλευσίς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐξ | nmod | high | Genitive governed by ἐξ. |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Κελαινοῦ | det | high | Article with patronymic/name. |
| 16 | Κελαινοῦ | Κελαινός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἦλθεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦλθεν; nominative with article. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Φλύου | det | high | Article with Φλύου. |
| 18 | Φλύου | Φλύος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Κελαινοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Κελαινοῦ. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἦλθεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |