Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.10.2

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Passage 4.10.2

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2sentences parsed

62Greek tokens

1,701input tokens

4,386output tokens

Sentence 1

4.10.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 23
Input: 758
Output: 1,710
Total: 2,468

τὰ μὲν οὖν πολλὰ οὐδέν τι ἐγένετο διάφορα ἢ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς προτέρας μάχης, ἥ τε ἡμέρα καὶ τότε μαχομένους προαπέλιπεν·

The clause means that in most respects nothing differed from the earlier battle; the day likewise left the combatants behind then. The second καί coordinates ἡ ἡμέρα with the understood subject of ἐγένετο/διάφορα, while ἥ τε ... καὶ τότε ... προαπέλιπεν is treated as a relative clause with ἥ referring to the day; exact attachment is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 πολλὰ	det	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	G--------	_	4 πολλὰ	discourse	high	Correlative μέν; οὖν follows.
3	οὖν	οὖν	PART	G--------	_	7 ἐγένετο	discourse	high	Conjunctive particle.
4	πολλὰ	πολύς	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 ἐγένετο	obj	medium	Substantivized neuter plural, ‘in most respects’.
5	οὐδέν	οὐδείς	PRON	P-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Neg	8 διάφορα	nsubj	medium	Neuter subject/predicate-like subject of ἐγένετο διάφορα.
6	τι	τις	PRON	P-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	5 οὐδέν	advmod	high	Adverbial indefinite, strengthening οὐδέν.
7	ἐγένετο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-AMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
8	διάφορα	διάφορος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 ἐγένετο	xcomp	medium	Predicative adjective, with plural neuter understood comparison/object.
9	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C--------	_	8 διάφορα	cc	high	Introduces comparison ‘than/as’.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	18 ἡμέρα	cc	medium	Links ἡ ἡμέρα with the preceding situation; attachment is interpretive.
11	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	14 μάχης	case	high
12	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 μάχης	det	high
13	προτέρας	πρότερος	ADJ	A-GSF-S	Case=Gen\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 μάχης	amod	high
14	μάχης	μάχη	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 διάφορα	obl	high	Object of comparison with διάφορα.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 μάχης	punct	high
16	ἥ	ὅς	PRON	P-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	22 προαπέλιπεν	nsubj	medium	Relative pronoun, referring to ἡμέρα; some syntactic analyses may treat the clause differently.
17	τε	τε	CCONJ	G--------	_	18 ἡμέρα	cc	high	Correlative τε with καί.
18	ἡμέρα	ἡμέρα	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 προαπέλιπεν	nsubj	high	Subject of προαπέλιπεν.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	20 τότε	cc	medium	Coordinates τότε with an understood temporal element; alternatively may be adverbial.
20	τότε	τότε	ADV	D--------	_	22 προαπέλιπεν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
21	μαχομένους	μάχομαι	VERB	V-PMP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	22 προαπέλιπεν	obj	high	Substantival participle, ‘those fighting/combatants’.
22	προαπέλιπεν	προαπολείπω	VERB	V-AIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	7 ἐγένετο	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb; subject ἡμέρα.
23	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐγένετο	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.10.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 39
Input: 943
Output: 2,676
Total: 3,619

οὐ μέντοι βιασθῆναί γε οὐδέτερον κέρας ἢ καὶ λόχον μνημονεύουσιν, ἐπεὶ μηδὲ τὴν τάξιν, ὡς ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς ἐτάχθησαν, συμμεῖναί φασιν, ἀλλʼ ἀφʼ ἑκατέρων τοὺς ἀρίστους συνελθόντας ἐς τὸ μεσαίτατον ἐνταῦθα τὸν πάντα ἔχειν πόνον.

Main predicate μνημονεύουσιν takes coordinated infinitival complements βιασθῆναι and συμμεῖναι; ἐπεὶ introduces an explanatory clause with φασιν and infinitive ἔχειν, while the participle συνελθόντας is accusative and co-referential with τοὺς ἀρίστους.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὐ	οὐ	PART	D--------	Polarity=Neg	10 μνημονεύουσιν	advmod	high
2	μέντοι	μέντοι	ADV	D--------	_	10 μνημονεύουσιν	advmod	high
3	βιασθῆναί	βιάζω	VERB	VAN----P	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	10 μνημονεύουσιν	ccomp	high
4	γε	γε	PART	X--------	_	5 οὐδέτερον	discourse	medium	Postpositive emphasis; scope is the following phrase.
5	οὐδέτερον	οὐδέτερος	ADJ	A-----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 κέρας	det	high	Substantivized adjective modifying κέρας.
6	κέρας	κέρας	NOUN	N-----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	3 βιασθῆναί	nsubj:pass	high	Accusative subject of passive infinitive.
7	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 κέρας	cc	low	Malformed tool payload avoided?
8	καὶ	καί	ADV	D--------	_	9 λόχον	advmod	high
9	λόχον	λόχος	NOUN	N-----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 βιασθῆναί	conj	medium	Coordinated alternative accusative subject, with κέρας understood.
10	μνημονεύουσιν	μνημονεύω	VERB	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 μνημονεύουσιν	punct	high
12	ἐπεὶ	ἐπεί	SCONJ	C--------	_	23 φασιν	mark	high	Causal/explanatory subordinator.
13	μηδὲ	μηδέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 τάξιν	cc	high
14	τὴν	ὁ	DET	P-SAF---	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 τάξιν	det	high
15	τάξιν	τάξις	NOUN	N-----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 συμμεῖναί	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of συμμεῖναι.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 τάξιν	punct	high
17	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C--------	_	20 ἐτάχθησαν	mark	high	Introduces manner/relative-frame clause.
18	ἀπʼ	ἀπό	ADP	R--------	_	19 ἀρχῆς	case	high
19	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-GF-S--	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἐτάχθησαν	obl	high
20	ἐτάχθησαν	τάσσω	VERB	V-API-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Pass	22 συμμεῖναί	advcl	high	Embedded clause under ὡς.
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐτάχθησαν	punct	high
22	συμμεῖναί	συμμένω	VERB	VAN----P	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	23 φασιν	ccomp	high	Second infinitival complement of φασιν.
23	φασιν	φημί	VERB	V-PIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	10 μνημονεύουσιν	conj	high	Coordinated explanatory predicate.
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	23 φασιν	punct	high
25	ἀλλʼ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	C--------	_	30 συνελθόντας	cc	high	Contrasts the preceding claim.
26	ἀφʼ	ἀπό	ADP	R--------	_	27 ἑκατέρων	case	high
27	ἑκατέρων	ἑκάτερος	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	30 συνελθόντας	obl	high	Substantivized adjective: from both sides.
28	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	P-A-M----	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	29 ἀρίστους	det	high
29	ἀρίστους	ἄριστος	ADJ	A-S---AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	30 συνελθόντας	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective; accusative subject of ἔχειν.
30	συνελθόντας	συνέρχομαι	VERB	V-2AAP-PAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	37 ἔχειν	advcl	high	Accusative participle agreeing with τοὺς ἀρίστους.
31	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	33 μεσαίτατον	case	high
32	τὸ	ὁ	DET	P-SNA----	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	33 μεσαίτατον	det	high
33	μεσαίτατον	μεσαῖος	ADJ	A-S---NSN-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 συνελθόντας	obl	high	Substantivized superlative, destination.
34	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D--------	_	37 ἔχειν	advmod	high
35	τὸν	ὁ	DET	P-SAM----	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 πόνον	det	high
36	πάντα	πᾶς	ADJ	A-SAM---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 πόνον	amod	high	Adjectival modifier, ‘the whole’.
37	ἔχειν	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAN----	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	23 φασιν	xcomp	high	Infinitive dependent on φασιν; subject is τοὺς ἀρίστους.
38	πόνον	πόνος	NOUN	N-----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 ἔχειν	obj	high
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	10 μνημονεύουσιν	punct	high

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