Grammar parses for passage 4.10.5
Open translation for this passage
Εὐφαεῖ δὲ οὐκ ὄντων παίδων τὸν αἱρεθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου κατελείπετο ἔχειν τὴν ἀρχήν, Κλέοννίς τε καὶ Δᾶμις ἐς ἀμφισβήτησιν Ἀριστοδήμῳ προῆλθον, τά τε ἄλλα καὶ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον διαφέρειν νομιζόμενοι·
The sentence has a genitive absolute, followed by a main clause with an infinitival complement, then a coordinated narrative clause; the final participial phrase is compressed and its infinitive διαφέρειν has somewhat uncertain internal attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐφαεῖ | Εὐφαής | PROPN | Neut.Dat.Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὄντων | obl | medium | Personal name in dative; likely reference to Euphaes. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 κατελείπετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PTCL | Polarity=Neg | 4 ὄντων | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ὄντων | εἰμί | AUX | Pres.Act.Ptcp.Gen.Pl | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 κατελείπετο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with παίδων. |
| 5 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | Gen.Masc.Pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ὄντων | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Masc.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 αἱρεθέντα | det | high | |
| 7 | αἱρεθέντα | αἱρέω | VERB | Aor.Pas.Ptcp.Acc.Masc.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 ἔχειν | obj | high | Substantivized participle, ‘the one elected’. |
| 8 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 δήμου | case | high | |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Art.Gen.Masc.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 δήμου | det | high | |
| 10 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | Gen.Masc.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 αἱρεθέντα | obl:agent | high | |
| 11 | κατελείπετο | καταλείπω | VERB | Impft.Mid.Ind.3Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect middle; governs infinitival complement ἔχειν. |
| 12 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | Pres.Act.Inf | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 κατελείπετο | xcomp | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Fem.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | Acc.Fem.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχειν | obj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 κατελείπετο | punct | high | |
| 16 | Κλέοννίς | Κλεόννις | PROPN | Nom.Masc.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 προῆλθον | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 Κλέοννίς | cc | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Δᾶμις | cc | high | |
| 19 | Δᾶμις | Δᾶμις | PROPN | Nom.Masc.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 προῆλθον | conj | high | |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 ἀμφισβήτησιν | case | high | |
| 21 | ἀμφισβήτησιν | ἀμφισβήτησις | NOUN | Acc.Fem.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 προῆλθον | obl | high | |
| 22 | Ἀριστοδήμῳ | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | Dat.Masc.Sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀμφισβήτησιν | obl | medium | Dative of opposition/contest, dependent on ἀμφισβήτησιν. |
| 23 | προῆλθον | προέρχομαι | VERB | Aor.Act.Ind.3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 κατελείπετο | parataxis | high | Coordinated narrative clause. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 προῆλθον | punct | high | |
| 25 | τά | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Neut.Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἄλλα | det | high | Correlative object phrase τά τε ἄλλα. |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 27 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | Acc.Neut.Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 νομιζόμενοι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘other matters’. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 τὰ | cc | high | |
| 29 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Neut.Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 30 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 πόλεμον | case | high | |
| 31 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | Acc.Masc.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 διαφέρειν | obl | high | |
| 32 | διαφέρειν | διαφέρω | VERB | Pres.Act.Inf | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 ἄλλα | acl | medium | Infinitive in the coordinated phrase, likely ‘differ/excel in matters of war’; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 33 | νομιζόμενοι | νομίζω | VERB | Pres.Mid.Ptcp.Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 23 προῆλθον | advcl | medium | Predicative participle agreeing with Κλεόννις and Δᾶμις; passive ‘being considered’. |
| 34 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 προῆλθον | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ Ἄντανδρον οἱ πολέμιοι κατειργάσαντο ἐν τῇ μάχῃ προκινδυνεύοντα Εὐφαοῦς.
The accusative participle προκινδυνεύοντα modifies Ἄντανδρον; Εὐφαοῦς is a semantically uncertain genitive associated with the participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἄντανδρον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 κατειργάσαντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἄντανδρον | Ἄντανδρος | PROPN | Nb-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κατειργάσαντο | obj | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 πολέμιοι | det | high | |
| 5 | πολέμιοι | πολέμιος | NOUN | Nb-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 κατειργάσαντο | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, 'the enemy'. |
| 6 | κατειργάσαντο | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V3PAMI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist middle; contextually 'overcame/killed'. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 μάχῃ | case | high | |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 9 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N------S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κατειργάσαντο | obl | high | Locative circumstance: 'in the battle'. |
| 10 | προκινδυνεύοντα | προκινδυνεύω | VERB | V-PAP-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 Ἄντανδρον | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Ἄντανδρον. |
| 11 | Εὐφαοῦς | Εὔφαος | PROPN | Nb----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 προκινδυνεύοντα | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on προκινδυνεύοντα, likely 'on behalf of/for Euphaos'; exact semantic relation is uncertain. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 κατειργάσαντο | punct | high |
ἦσαν δὲ καὶ τῶν μάντεων αἱ γνῶμαι κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἀμφοτέρων, Ἐπηβόλου καὶ Ὀφιονέως, μὴ σφᾶς ἀνδρὶ ἐναγεῖ καὶ θυγατρὸς μίασμα ἐπικειμένῳ δοῦναι τὴν Αἰπύτου καὶ τῶν ἀπογόνων τιμήν·
ἦσαν ... αἱ γνῶμαι is the main clause; the infinitive δοῦναι is governed by the negative μὴ in the content of the seers’ judgment, with σφᾶς as its accusative subject. ἐπικειμένῳ agrees with μίασμα, which is coordinated semantically with ἀνδρί as the factors qualifying the recipient; the names are genitives in apposition to τῶν μάντεων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 7 γνῶμαι | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 7 γνῶμαι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 τῶν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 μάντεων | det | high | |
| 5 | μάντεων | μάντις | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 γνῶμαι | nmod | high | |
| 6 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 γνῶμαι | det | high | |
| 7 | γνῶμαι | γνώμη | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 9 ταὐτὰ | case | high | |
| 9 | ταὐτὰ | ὁ αὐτός | ADJ | A-NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 γνῶμαι | advmod | medium | Substantivized neuter plural: ‘the same things/identical’; κατά governs the phrase. |
| 10 | ἀμφοτέρων | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 7 γνῶμαι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on γνῶμαι: the judgments of both. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 γνῶμαι | punct | high | |
| 12 | Ἐπηβόλου | Ἐπήβολος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀμφοτέρων | appos | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 14 Ὀφιονέως | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ὀφιονέως | Ὀφιονεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἐπηβόλου | conj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 γνῶμαι | punct | high | |
| 16 | μὴ | μή | PART | Q | Polarity=Neg | 24 δοῦναι | advmod | high | |
| 17 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 24 δοῦναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 18 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 δοῦναι | iobj | medium | Dative recipient with δοῦναι. |
| 19 | ἐναγεῖ | ἐναγής | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνδρὶ | amod | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 22 μίασμα | cc | high | |
| 21 | θυγατρὸς | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 μίασμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μίασμα: pollution of a daughter. |
| 22 | μίασμα | μίασμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἐπικειμένῳ | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἐπικειμένῳ; syntactically coordinated in sense with the dative ἀνδρί. |
| 23 | ἐπικειμένῳ | ἐπίκειμαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 18 ἀνδρὶ | acl | medium | Dative agreeing with an implicit/attracted recipient, while its neuter gender agrees with μίασμα only in the transmitted wording; construction is difficult. |
| 24 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 γνῶμαι | ccomp | high | Infinitival content of the judgments. |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 τιμήν | det | high | |
| 26 | Αἰπύτου | Αἴπυτος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 τιμήν | nmod | high | |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 29 ἀπογόνων | cc | high | |
| 28 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἀπογόνων | det | high | |
| 29 | ἀπογόνων | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 Αἰπύτου | conj | high | Coordinated genitive with Αἰπύτου. |
| 30 | τιμήν | τιμή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 δοῦναι | obj | high | |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 γνῶμαι | punct | high |