Grammar parses for passage 4.10.7
Open translation for this passage
τὸν δὲ πόλεμον ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀριστοδήμου βασιλείας ἐπολέμουν λῃστείαις τε κατʼ ὀλίγους ἀεὶ καὶ περὶ τὴν ὡραίαν καταδρομαῖς ἐς τὴν ἀλλήλων χρώμενοι, συνεσέβαλλον δὲ καὶ παρὰ τῶν Ἀρκάδων τοῖς Μεσσηνίοις ἐς τὴν Λακωνικήν·
Two coordinated imperfect clauses share several oblique/manner phrases; participial χρώμενοι is attached to the first clause, though the exact scope of the prepositional phrases is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 πόλεμον | det | high | Article modifying πόλεμον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐπολέμουν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπολέμουν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπολέμουν. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 7 βασιλείας | case | high | Preposition governing βασιλείας. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 βασιλείας | det | high | Article modifying βασιλείας. |
| 6 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βασιλείας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βασιλείας. |
| 7 | βασιλείας | βασιλεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπολέμουν | obl | high | Temporal/local circumstance with ἐπί. |
| 8 | ἐπολέμουν | πολεμέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 9 | λῃστείαις | λῃστεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπολέμουν | obl | medium | Dative of manner/instrument. |
| 10 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 9 λῃστείαις | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 11 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 12 ὀλίγους | case | high | Preposition governing ὀλίγους. |
| 12 | ὀλίγους | ὀλίγος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπολέμουν | obl | high | With κατά, 'in small groups'. |
| 13 | ἀεὶ | ἀεί | ADV | _ | _ | 8 ἐπολέμουν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐπολέμουν. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 καταδρομαῖς | cc | high | Links coordinated oblique phrases. |
| 15 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | _ | 18 καταδρομαῖς | case | high | Preposition governing καταδρομαῖς. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ὡραίαν | det | high | Article modifying ὡραίαν. |
| 17 | ὡραίαν | ὡραῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 καταδρομαῖς | amod | high | Attributive modifier in περὶ phrase. |
| 18 | καταδρομαῖς | καταδρομή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπολέμουν | obl | medium | Another dative phrase with περί; syntax slightly uncertain. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 χρώμενοι | case | high | Preposition governing χρώμενοι. |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ἀλλήλων | det | high | Article modifying ἀλλήλων. |
| 21 | ἀλλήλων | ἀλλήλων | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 22 χρώμενοι | obl | medium | Reflexive reciprocal genitive; relation to χρώμενοι somewhat uncertain. |
| 22 | χρώμενοι | χράομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἐπολέμουν | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying ἐπολέμουν. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπολέμουν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | συνεσέβαλλον | συμβάλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb, coordinated asyndetically except for δέ. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | cc | high | Connects with previous clause/partner. |
| 27 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 29 Ἀρκάδων | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀρκάδων. |
| 28 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 29 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | Article modifying Ἀρκάδων. |
| 29 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | obl | high | Source/agentive genitive with παρά. |
| 30 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 Μεσσηνίοις | det | high | Article modifying Μεσσηνίοις. |
| 31 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | iobj | high | Dative recipient/indirect object. |
| 32 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | case | high | Preposition governing Λακωνικήν. |
| 33 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 Λακωνικήν | det | high | Article modifying Λακωνικήν. |
| 34 | Λακωνικήν | Λακωνική | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 35 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 συνεσέβαλλον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Ἀργεῖοι δὲ προαναφῆναι μὲν τὸ ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ἔχθος οὐκ ἠξίουν, γινομένου δὲ ἀγῶνος παρεσκευάζοντο ὡς μεθέξοντες.
The syntax is a bipartite sentence with ἠξίουν governing an infinitival complement and a genitive absolute (γινομένου ἀγῶνος) introducing the second main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀργεῖοι | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-P---MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἠξίουν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἠξίουν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἠξίουν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | προαναφῆναι | προαναφαίνω | VERB | V-ANP--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 ἠξίουν | ccomp | medium | Complement infinitive of ἠξίουν; unusual form, parsing tentative. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 προαναφῆναι | advmod | high | Correlative particle linked to infinitive phrase. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἔχθος | det | high | Article modifying ἔχθος. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R------- | _ | 8 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | Preposition governing Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | Article modifying Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔχθος | nmod | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 9 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 προαναφῆναι | obj | high | Accusative noun governed by προαναφῆναι. |
| 10 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 11 ἠξίουν | advmod | high | Negation of ἠξίουν. |
| 11 | ἠξίουν | ἀξιόω | VERB | V-IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 Ἀργεῖοι | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἠξίουν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 13 | γινομένου | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 16 παρεσκευάζοντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle modifying the following clause. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 παρεσκευάζοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 15 | ἀγῶνος | ἀγών | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 γινομένου | nsubj | high | Subject within genitive absolute. |
| 16 | παρεσκευάζοντο | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V-IMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 18 μεθέξοντες | mark | high | Marks purpose/future intention. |
| 18 | μεθέξοντες | μετέχω | VERB | V-AAP-NMP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 παρεσκευάζοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle expressing intended participation. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 παρεσκευάζοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |