Grammar parses for passage 4.12.6
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα ἀπολογούμενος οὐ πρότερον ἔδοξεν ἀληθῆ λέγειν πρὶν ἢ παρῆλθεν ἐς τὸ θέατρον ἡ τὴν ἱερωσύνην τότε τῆς Ἥρας ἔχουσα.
The subject of ἔδοξεν is implicit (the speaker/person), with ἀπολογούμενος as a circumstantial participle; ἡ ... ἔχουσα is the subject of παρῆλθεν, and πρὶν ἢ introduces the temporal clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 ἀπολογούμενος | obj | high | |
| 2 | ἀπολογούμενος | ἀπολογέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 5 ἔδοξεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject understood as the subject of ἔδοξεν. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D端 | _ | 5 ἔδοξεν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | D-A | Degree=Pos | 5 ἔδοξεν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative. |
| 5 | ἔδοξεν | δοκέω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἀληθῆ | ἀληθής | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 λέγειν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with λέγειν. |
| 7 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἔδοξεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἔδοξεν. |
| 8 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 παρῆλθεν | mark | high | |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 πρὶν | cc | medium | Part of the fixed temporal connector πρὶν ἤ. |
| 10 | παρῆλθεν | παρέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 5 ἔδοξεν | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate clause. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 θέατρον | case | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θέατρον | det | high | |
| 13 | θέατρον | θέατρον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 παρῆλθεν | obl | high | |
| 14 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ἔχουσα | det | high | |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 ἱερωσύνην | det | high | |
| 16 | ἱερωσύνην | ἱερωσύνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἔχουσα | obj | high | |
| 17 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D | _ | 20 ἔχουσα | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying ἔχουσα. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Ἥρας | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἱερωσύνην | nmod | high | |
| 20 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 παρῆλθεν | nsubj | high | Subject participle of παρῆλθεν; its subject is ἡ. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔδοξεν | punct | high |
αὕτη δὲ τεκεῖν τε τὴν παῖδα ὡμολόγει καὶ τῇ Λυκίσκου γυναικὶ ὑποβαλέσθαι δοῦναι·
The subject αὕτη is the understood subject of the infinitives τεκεῖν and ὑποβαλέσθαι, coordinated by τε ... καί; δοῦναι is a complementary infinitive dependent on ὑποβαλέσθαι. The dative phrase τῇ Λυκίσκου γυναικί is the recipient/goal of δοῦναι, with Λυκίσκου modifying γυναικί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | PD--NF3 | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ὡμολόγει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ὡμολόγει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τεκεῖν | τίκτω | VERB | V--ANA--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 ὡμολόγει | ccomp | high | First infinitive coordinated with ὑποβαλέσθαι by τε ... καί. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 τεκεῖν | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA--AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 6 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N--AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 τεκεῖν | obj | high | Accusative object of τεκεῖν. |
| 7 | ὡμολόγει | ὁμολογέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ὡμολόγει | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitival complement. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DA--DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 γυναικὶ | det | high | |
| 10 | Λυκίσκου | Λυκίσκος | PROPN | Ne--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 γυναικὶ | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying γυναικί. |
| 11 | γυναικὶ | γυνή | NOUN | N--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δοῦναι | iobj | high | Recipient of δοῦναι. |
| 12 | ὑποβαλέσθαι | ὑποβάλλω | VERB | V-ANM--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 ὡμολόγει | ccomp | high | Second infinitive coordinated with τεκεῖν; middle voice means to expose/put out for adoption. |
| 13 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-ANA--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 ὑποβαλέσθαι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive expressing giving the child. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ὡμολόγει | punct | high |
"νῦν δὲ" ἔφη "τό τε ἀπόρρητον ἐκφαίνουσα ἥκω καὶ παύσουσα ἐμαυτὴν ἱερωμένην."
The quoted utterance is analyzed as a ccomp of ἔφη, with ἥκω as its finite head; the two feminine participles are coordinated circumstantial predicates, and ἱερωμένην is predicative to ἐμαυτήν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔφη | punct | high | |
| 2 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 ἥκω | advmod | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἥκω | cc | high | |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔφη | punct | high | |
| 5 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V-3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Speech-reporting verb; the quoted clause is its ccomp. |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔφη | punct | high | |
| 7 | τό | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἀπόρρητον | det | high | |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀπόρρητον | cc | high | Correlative τε; coordinates the two accusative objects. |
| 9 | ἀπόρρητον | ἀπόρρητος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐκφαίνουσα | obj | medium | Neuter substantivized adjective; formally nominative/accusative singular, functioning as the object of ἐκφαίνουσα. |
| 10 | ἐκφαίνουσα | ἐκφαίνω | VERB | V-PAPNSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἥκω | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with the implicit female speaker. |
| 11 | ἥκω | ἥκω | VERB | V-1SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἔφη | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the quoted speech. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 παύσουσα | cc | high | |
| 13 | παύσουσα | παύω | VERB | V-FAPNSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 11 ἥκω | conj | medium | Future participle coordinated with ἐκφαίνουσα; prospective/purpose nuance is possible. |
| 14 | ἐμαυτὴν | ἐμαυτοῦ | PRON | P-1ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 13 παύσουσα | obj | high | |
| 15 | ἱερωμένην | ἱερόω | VERB | V-PMPASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 13 παύσουσα | xcomp | medium | Predicative participle with reflexive object; exact aspectual interpretation is uncertain. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔφη | punct | high | |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔφη | punct | high |
ταῦτα δὲ ἔλεγεν, ὅτι ἦν ἐν τῇ Μεσσήνῃ καθεστηκός, ἢν γυναικὸς ἱερωμένης ἢ καὶ ἀνδρὸς προαποθάνῃ τις τῶν παίδων, ἐς ἄλλον τὴν ἱερωσύνην μεταχωρεῖν.
The core is ἦν ... καθεστηκός, with μεταχωρεῖν as the infinitival content of the established arrangement; the genitives γυναικός/ἀνδρός with ἱερωμένης are treated as an elliptical genitive participial phrase, though attachment is syntactically debatable.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἔλεγεν | obj | high | Neuter plural demonstrative, object of ἔλεγεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἔλεγεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔλεγεν | λέγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔλεγεν | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἦν | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 6 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 3 ἔλεγεν | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the content clause. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Μεσσήνῃ | case | high | Preposition governing Μεσσήνῃ. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DA-FS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Μεσσήνῃ | det | high | |
| 9 | Μεσσήνῃ | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 καθεστηκός | obl | high | Locative dative within ἐν phrase. |
| 10 | καθεστηκός | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAPNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Perfect active participle, predicative with impersonal ἦν; exact attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 καθεστηκός | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 προαποθάνῃ | mark | high | Conditional conjunction, equivalent to ἐάν. |
| 13 | γυναικὸς | γυνή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἱερωμένης | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἱερωμένης; elliptical priestess construction. |
| 14 | ἱερωμένης | ἱερόω | VERB | V-PMPGSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 18 προαποθάνῃ | obl | medium | Genitive absolute-like participial phrase, ‘of a priestess’; lexical analysis may also treat it as a substantive participle. |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀνδρὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive alternatives. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀνδρὸς | cc | high | Correlative/additive conjunction. |
| 17 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἱερωμένης | conj | medium | Second genitive alternative coordinated with γυναικός. |
| 18 | προαποθάνῃ | προαποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AAS-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 27 μεταχωρεῖν | advcl | high | Aorist subjunctive in the conditional subordinate clause. |
| 19 | τις | τις | PRON | PX-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 προαποθάνῃ | nsubj | high | Indefinite subject of προαποθάνῃ. |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 παίδων | det | high | |
| 21 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 τις | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with τις. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 προαποθάνῃ | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 ἄλλον | case | high | Preposition governing ἄλλον. |
| 24 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 μεταχωρεῖν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, destination of μεταχωρεῖν. |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA-FSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἱερωσύνην | det | high | |
| 26 | ἱερωσύνην | ἱερωσύνη | NOUN | N-FSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 μεταχωρεῖν | obj | high | Object of μεταχωρεῖν. |
| 27 | μεταχωρεῖν | μεταχωρέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 καθεστηκός | xcomp | medium | Infinitive expressing the content of the established rule; attached as complement to καθεστηκός. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔλεγεν | punct | high |
νομίζοντες οὖν τὴν γυναῖκα ἀληθῆ λέγειν, τῇ θεῷ τε εἵλοντο ἱερατευσομένην ἀντʼ ἐκείνης καὶ Λυκίσκον συγγνωστὰ ἔφασαν εἰργάσθαι.
The main coordination is εἵλοντο ... τε ... ἔφασαν; νομίζοντες governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction, while Λυκίσκον is syntactically ambiguous in the compressed second assertion.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νομίζοντες | νομίζω | VERB | V- Ptcp Pres Act Nom Masc Plur | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 εἵλοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with implicit subject of εἵλοντο/ἔφασαν. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | Adv | _ | 1 νομίζοντες | advmod | high | Inferential particle. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 γυναῖκα | det | high | |
| 4 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 λέγειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive λέγειν. |
| 5 | ἀληθῆ | ἀληθής | ADJ | A Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 λέγειν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative adjective with λέγειν. |
| 6 | λέγειν | λέγω | VERB | V- Inf Pres Act | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 νομίζοντες | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of νομίζοντες. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 νομίζοντες | punct | high | |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Art Dat Fem Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 9 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N Dat Fem Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἵλοντο | obl | high | Dative recipient/dedicatee with εἵλοντο. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 11 εἵλοντο | cc | high | Correlative connective; links the first coordinated predicate with the later ἔφασαν. |
| 11 | εἵλοντο | αἱρέω | VERB | V- Ind Aor Mid 3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main finite verb; middle means 'chose/appointed for themselves'. |
| 12 | ἱερατευσομένην | ἱερατεύω | VERB | V- Ptcp Fut Mid Acc Fem Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 εἵλοντο | xcomp | high | Supplementary participle agreeing with understood object γυναῖκα, with prospective sense. |
| 13 | ἀντʼ | ἀντί | ADP | Prep | _ | 14 ἐκείνης | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive ἐκείνης. |
| 14 | ἐκείνης | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P-GF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 ἱερατευσομένην | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀντί; refers to the woman previously mentioned. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 18 ἔφασαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported assertion. |
| 16 | Λυκίσκον | Λυκίσκος | PROPN | N- Acc Masc Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 17 συγγνωστὰ | obl | medium | Proper name; syntactically associated with εἰργάσθαι, likely its accusative subject or object depending on understood construction. |
| 17 | συγγνωστὰ | συγγνωστός | ADJ | A Acc Neut Plur | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 εἰργάσθαι | obj | medium | Neuter plural adjective used substantivally, 'pardonable things'; object of εἰργάσθαι. |
| 18 | ἔφασαν | φημί | VERB | V- Ind Imperf Act 3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 11 εἵλοντο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb introducing the second infinitival complement. |
| 19 | εἰργάσθαι | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V- Inf Perf Mid | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 ἔφασαν | ccomp | high | Perfect middle infinitive dependent on ἔφασαν. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἵλοντο | punct | high |